發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-23 21:49

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 齒輪超聲加工 非諧振設(shè)計(jì) 縱向振動(dòng)變幅器 縱彎耦合振動(dòng)變幅器 諧振特性　出處：《太原理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：齒輪是裝備制造業(yè)的基礎(chǔ)，對(duì)我國(guó)裝備制造業(yè)的發(fā)展起著關(guān)鍵作用。目前，齒輪正朝著高精度、高速、高壽命、高效率、低噪聲、大功率、小型化等方向發(fā)展，一種新齒輪加工工藝的研究與應(yīng)用是關(guān)鍵。將超聲振動(dòng)引入齒輪加工工藝可以顯著降低切削力、增加刀具壽命、提高齒輪加工精度、降低齒面粗糙度、提高加工效率、改善齒面的微觀切削紋理，因此對(duì)齒輪超聲加工工藝的研究具有重要意義。振動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)是齒輪超聲加工的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)，其諧振特性關(guān)系到齒輪超聲加工的效果。齒輪超聲加工振動(dòng)系統(tǒng)普遍采用非諧振單元振動(dòng)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)理論設(shè)計(jì)，但是這種設(shè)計(jì)理論并不完善，并且現(xiàn)有振動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的輸出振幅較小，限制了齒輪超聲加工工藝的工程應(yīng)用。本課題在非諧振單元振動(dòng)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)理論的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步研究了齒輪超聲加工振動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)和提高振動(dòng)系統(tǒng)輸出振幅的方法，并得到了山西省研究生優(yōu)秀創(chuàng)新項(xiàng)目“超聲珩齒機(jī)理與應(yīng)用適應(yīng)性研究（20133042）”和太原理工大學(xué)研究生科技創(chuàng)新基金項(xiàng)目“超聲珩齒工程應(yīng)用適應(yīng)性研究（2013B095）”的資助。對(duì)齒輪超聲加工振動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的非諧振設(shè)計(jì)理論進(jìn)行了如下研究： （1）縱向振動(dòng)變幅器的設(shè)計(jì) 利用理論解析法、等效電路法、傳輸矩陣法設(shè)計(jì)縱向振動(dòng)變幅器，分析了三種設(shè)計(jì)方法的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)及各自的適用場(chǎng)合，為設(shè)計(jì)變幅器時(shí)選擇適當(dāng)?shù)挠?jì)算方法提供了理論依據(jù)。齒輪和變幅桿的材料不一致時(shí)，將變幅器簡(jiǎn)化為由變幅桿、齒輪等效圓環(huán)、心軸、螺母等效圓柱四部分組成的理論分析模型，根據(jù)各部分之間力和位移的連續(xù)條件、兩端面的邊界條件，建立變幅器的頻率方程，實(shí)現(xiàn)縱向振動(dòng)變幅器的設(shè)計(jì)。通過有限元分析和諧振特性實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了這種設(shè)計(jì)方法的可行性，完善了齒輪超聲加工縱向振動(dòng)變幅器的設(shè)計(jì)理論。 （2）新型縱向振動(dòng)變幅器的設(shè)計(jì) 基于非諧振設(shè)計(jì)理論和全諧設(shè)計(jì)理論，設(shè)計(jì)一種新型齒輪縱向振動(dòng)變幅器，變幅器由齒輪與圓柱桿耦合振動(dòng)單元、半波長(zhǎng)圓錐形變幅桿組成，齒輪與變幅桿耦合處振幅較大，增大了齒輪端面的輸出振幅。圓錐形變幅桿的形狀參數(shù)固定時(shí)，，齒輪分度圓直徑和圓柱桿直徑對(duì)齒輪端面的輸出振幅沒有影響，減小圓錐變幅桿小端直徑可以增大齒輪端面的輸出振幅。通過有限元分析和諧振特性實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了這種設(shè)計(jì)方法的可行性，研究結(jié)果為齒輪超聲加工縱向振動(dòng)變幅器提供了一種新的設(shè)計(jì)方法。 （3）縱彎耦合振動(dòng)變幅器的設(shè)計(jì) 基于非諧振設(shè)計(jì)理論和Mindlin中厚板理論，分別設(shè)計(jì)了變幅桿材料為45鋼、鈦合金、黃銅、硬鋁合金的圓錐形縱彎耦合振動(dòng)變幅器，并研究了變幅器的諧振特性，結(jié)果表明：隨著變幅桿材料的阻抗特性減小，齒輪分度圓處的振幅隨之減小。為了增大齒輪分度圓處的振幅，設(shè)計(jì)了級(jí)聯(lián)形縱彎耦合振動(dòng)變幅器，齒輪分度圓處的振幅為12μm，較現(xiàn)有變幅器有了較大的提高。 （4）新型縱彎耦合振動(dòng)變幅器的設(shè)計(jì) 利用非諧振設(shè)計(jì)理論設(shè)計(jì)一種新型縱彎耦合振動(dòng)變幅器，將齒輪置于變幅桿振幅較大的位置，通過理論計(jì)算和有限元分析研究了變幅器的諧振特性，齒輪分度圓處的振幅大幅增加。研究結(jié)果為齒輪超聲加工縱彎耦合振動(dòng)變幅器的設(shè)計(jì)提供了一種新的設(shè)計(jì)方法。 通過以上設(shè)計(jì)理論和實(shí)驗(yàn)研究，完善了齒輪超聲加工振動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的非諧振設(shè)計(jì)理論，提高了振動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的輸出振幅，為齒輪超聲加工工藝的工程應(yīng)用奠定了理論和實(shí)驗(yàn)基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:The basic gear is the equipment manufacturing industry, and plays a key role in the development of China's equipment manufacturing industry. At present, the gear is a high precision, high speed, high efficiency, high life, low noise, high power, small size direction of development, research and application of a new gear machining process is the key to the ultrasonic. Vibration to the gear machining process can significantly reduce the cutting force, increase tool life, improve the machining accuracy, reduce the tooth surface roughness, improve processing efficiency, improve the tooth surface texture of micro cutting, so the research on the process of gear ultrasound has important significance. The design of vibration system is the key technology of gear ultrasonic machining, the resonance in relation to the characteristics of gear ultrasonic machining. The effect of ultrasonic vibration system is widely used in gear machining non resonant design theory of unit vibration system design, but this design theory is not perfect, and the existing vibration system The output amplitude is small, the engineering application limits the processing technology of ultrasonic gear. This subject is based on the design theory of non resonant unit vibration system, further study of the design of gear vibration ultrasonic machining system and method to improve the output amplitude of the vibration system, and the research and application of ultrasonic honing mechanism Study on the adaptability of students in Shanxi Province outstanding innovation project "(20133042)" Research on the application of ultrasonic honing engineering and adaptability of Taiyuan University of Technology graduate innovation fund project "(2013B095)" of China. The non resonant design theory of ultrasonic machining vibration of gear system are studied as follows:
(1) design of longitudinal vibration amplitude transformer
By using the theory of analytic method, equivalent circuit method, the design of the transfer matrix method of longitudinal vibration of transformer, analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of three kinds of design methods and their applicability, provides a theoretical basis for the design of transformer when selecting the appropriate calculation method. The gear and horn materials are not the same, the horn is simplified by amplitude bar, equivalent gear ring, spindle nut model equivalent cylindrical four part theory, according to the continuity conditions between the various parts of the force and displacement boundary conditions, the frequency equation is established at both ends, transformer, transformer design to realize longitudinal vibration. Through finite element analysis and resonance characteristics of the experiment to verify the feasibility of this design methods, improve the design theory of gear ultrasonic machining of longitudinal vibration of transformer.
(2) design of a new type of longitudinal vibration amplitude transformer
Non resonant design theory and harmonic design theory based on the design of a new type of gear longitudinal vibration of transformer, transformer by gear and cylindrical rod coupling vibration unit, half wavelength of conical horn, horn and gear coupling at large amplitude, increasing the gear end output amplitude. The fixed shape parameter of conical horn when no influence of gear pitch diameter and the diameter of the cylindrical rod gear output amplitude, the output amplitude decreases conical horn small end diameter can increase the gear end. Through finite element analysis and resonance characteristics of the experiment to verify the feasibility of this design method, the research results provide a new design method for gear ultrasonic machining the longitudinal vibration of the horn.
(3) design of a longitudinal flexural coupling vibrator
The plate theory of non resonant design theory and Mindlin based on the design of horn material is 45 steel, titanium alloy, brass, a longitudinal bending coupling vibration of transformer aluminum alloy, and the resonant characteristics of the transformer, the results show that: with the decrease of the impedance characteristics of horn material, the amplitude of gear pitch circle. In order to decrease. The increase of the amplitude of gear pitch circle, cascade shaped longitudinal bending coupled vibration of transformer design, the amplitude of gear pitch circle is 12 m, has been greatly improved compared with the existing transformer.
(4) design of a new longitudinal flexural coupling vibrator
Design of a new type of longitudinal bending coupled vibration of transformer using non resonant design theory, the position of gear on the horn with large amplitude, resonance characteristics of the transformer through theoretical calculation and finite element analysis, the amplitude of gear pitch circle increased significantly. The results provide a new method for the design of the gear wheel ultrasonic machining of longitudinal bending coupled vibration of transformer.
Through the above design theory and experimental research, the non resonant design theory of the gear ultrasonic machining vibration system has been perfected, and the output amplitude of the vibration system has been improved, which has laid a theoretical and experimental foundation for the engineering application of the gear ultrasonic machining technology.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TG61

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