本文關(guān)鍵詞： 切削狀態(tài) ABAQUS 高斯過程分類 MATLAB 切削優(yōu)化　出處：《重慶大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著工件向尺寸微小化、結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜化、制造精密化、樣式多樣化的趨勢發(fā)展,對切削工藝的要求也日益提高,而切削工藝參數(shù)的選擇與切削加工效果和經(jīng)濟(jì)效益又息息相關(guān)。本文以某研究院的熱室圓盤鋸床及其控制系統(tǒng)為背景,針對切削過程中的優(yōu)化問題展開了研究。原控制系統(tǒng)主要采用人工手動控制,但由于切削過程復(fù)雜多變,實(shí)際生產(chǎn)中切削工藝參數(shù)一般是加工技術(shù)人員憑借經(jīng)驗(yàn)和參考手冊來選取,造成加工工藝因人而異,工件的加工效果一致性差,很難實(shí)現(xiàn)最優(yōu)化加工,從而導(dǎo)致加工精度下降且增加了熱室圓盤鋸床后期的維護(hù)工作。這就要求控制系統(tǒng)能夠根據(jù)不同的工況自動的給出切削參數(shù),減少人工的同時(shí)提高切削效果和一致性。本文從熱室圓盤鋸床切削工藝和切削流程著手,分析了切削過程中的切割片磨損的機(jī)理及其造成的負(fù)面影響,明確了表征著熱室圓盤鋸床切削狀態(tài)的參數(shù)以及之間的相互關(guān)系,并在此基礎(chǔ)上設(shè)計(jì)了由生產(chǎn)運(yùn)行層、數(shù)據(jù)處理層、運(yùn)算控制層組成的切削優(yōu)化總體方案。在切削優(yōu)化方案的實(shí)現(xiàn)過程中,針對熱室圓盤鋸床的切削機(jī)理,采用機(jī)理分析法和有限元方法進(jìn)行切削仿真,并對兩者的分析結(jié)果進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證,為切削狀態(tài)的識別和優(yōu)化效果驗(yàn)證奠定了基礎(chǔ);針對由于熱室圓盤鋸床工作環(huán)境惡劣而缺少力傳感器、溫度傳感器、聲學(xué)傳感器的問題,選取原熱室圓盤鋸床控制系統(tǒng)中伺服電機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)矩、切削時(shí)的切削深度和實(shí)時(shí)切削速度作為輔助變量,采用高斯過程分類方法對切削狀態(tài)進(jìn)行分類和識別;針對原熱室圓盤鋸床調(diào)整切削參數(shù)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和原則,采用專家控制方式,模擬加工人員的思維過程,并以正向推理策略,根據(jù)實(shí)時(shí)的切削狀態(tài)推理出適合當(dāng)前工況的切削參數(shù),以達(dá)到改善切削過程的目的;最后,以前面建立的有限元仿真模型為基礎(chǔ),采用MATLAB對ABAQUS模型進(jìn)行前后處理,對優(yōu)化前后的切削參數(shù)的切削效果進(jìn)行了仿真對比,仿真結(jié)果表明,經(jīng)過優(yōu)化后的切削參數(shù)能夠改善工件變形、工件溫度場分布和切削力等指標(biāo),能更好的適應(yīng)切削狀態(tài)的改變,緩解并改善狀態(tài)改變給切削過程帶來的負(fù)面影響,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)更優(yōu)的切削效果。
[Abstract]:With the development of the workpiece to the miniaturization of the size, the complexity of the structure, the manufacture precision and the diversification of the style, the requirement of the cutting technology is also increasing day by day. The selection of cutting process parameters is closely related to the cutting effect and economic benefit. This paper takes the hot chamber circular saw machine and its control system as the background of a research institute. The original control system mainly adopts manual control, but the cutting process is complex and changeable. In the actual production, the cutting process parameters are generally selected by the technicians by virtue of experience and reference manual, resulting in different processing technology, poor consistency of machining effect of workpieces, and difficult to achieve optimal machining. As a result, the machining accuracy is reduced and the maintenance of the hot chamber disk saw machine is increased, which requires the control system to automatically give the cutting parameters according to different working conditions. In this paper, the cutting mechanism and its negative effects are analyzed from the cutting process and cutting process of hot chamber circular saw machine. The parameters representing the cutting state of hot chamber disk sawing machine and the relationship between them are defined. On this basis, the production operation layer and data processing layer are designed. In the process of realizing the cutting optimization scheme, the mechanism analysis method and finite element method are used to simulate the cutting mechanism of hot chamber circular saw machine. The results of both analysis are verified, which lays a foundation for the recognition of cutting state and the verification of optimization effect. Aiming at the lack of force sensor, temperature sensor and acoustic sensor due to the bad working environment of hot room circular saw machine, the torque of servo motor in the control system of disk sawing machine in original hot room is selected. The cutting depth and the real time cutting speed are used as auxiliary variables, and Gao Si process classification method is used to classify and recognize the cutting state. According to the experience and principle of adjusting cutting parameters of the original hot chamber disk sawing machine, the expert control method is adopted to simulate the thinking process of the machiners, and the forward reasoning strategy is adopted. According to the real-time cutting state, the cutting parameters suitable for the current working condition are deduced to improve the cutting process. Finally, based on the finite element simulation model, the ABAQUS model is processed by MATLAB, and the cutting effect of the optimized cutting parameters is simulated and compared. The simulation results show that the optimized cutting parameters can improve the deformation of the workpiece, the temperature field distribution and cutting force of the workpiece, and can better adapt to the change of cutting state. To mitigate and improve the negative effect of state change on cutting process and achieve better cutting effect.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TG561

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