本文關(guān)鍵詞：XH2130龍門加工中心橫梁系統(tǒng)靜動熱態(tài)特性的研究　出處：《蘇州大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 龍門加工中心 橫梁系統(tǒng) 有限元分析 靜動熱態(tài)特性

【摘要】：龍門加工中心廣泛適用于汽車、航空航天、船舶等行業(yè)中,加大龍門機(jī)床的技術(shù)和產(chǎn)品的研發(fā),對實(shí)現(xiàn)制造裝備業(yè)的跨躍式發(fā)展具有重大的意義。由于龍門加工中心的橫梁系統(tǒng)是機(jī)床的主要承載系統(tǒng),橫梁系統(tǒng)的靜動熱態(tài)性能對機(jī)床的加工精度和機(jī)床的切削性能影響非常大。所以,對于橫梁系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計和性能研究顯得尤為重要。本文通過有限元分析和理論計算相結(jié)合的方法,旨在研究XH2130龍門加工中心的橫梁系統(tǒng)的靜動熱態(tài)特性,驗(yàn)證橫梁系統(tǒng)各部件設(shè)計和性能參數(shù)是否達(dá)到設(shè)計要求,為橫梁系統(tǒng)性能的優(yōu)化提供了理論參考。主要研究內(nèi)容如下:(1)橫梁系統(tǒng)的靜態(tài)特性分析。建立龍門加工中心整機(jī)和橫梁系統(tǒng)的有限元模型,在受力分析時充分考慮到平衡油缸對其關(guān)鍵部件的影響。在多種工況下,采用ANSYS Workbench的Scripting功能進(jìn)行多模型計算,得到靜態(tài)特性分析結(jié)果。并與沒有加載平衡油缸的分析結(jié)果對比可知,載入平衡油缸能夠有效的減少橫梁系統(tǒng)的總變形量,為橫梁系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化提供理論依據(jù)。(2)橫梁系統(tǒng)模態(tài)分析和諧響應(yīng)分析�；谀B(tài)分析理論概述為基礎(chǔ),得到振動方程。通過模態(tài)分析得到六階振型和固有頻率,將固有頻率理論計算結(jié)果和有限元分析結(jié)果對比發(fā)現(xiàn)非常接近,驗(yàn)證有限元模型建立和模態(tài)分析的正確性。在模態(tài)分析的基礎(chǔ)上,對橫梁進(jìn)行諧響應(yīng)分析,考慮系統(tǒng)阻尼對橫梁系統(tǒng)的動態(tài)性能的影響,并提出系統(tǒng)諧響應(yīng)改進(jìn)的措施。最后,對橫梁系統(tǒng)中的滾珠絲杠進(jìn)行模態(tài)分析,得到六階振型和各階臨界轉(zhuǎn)速,可知在有效范圍內(nèi)滾珠絲杠不會發(fā)生共振。(3)橫梁系統(tǒng)中滾珠絲杠熱態(tài)特性分析。通過有限元建模分析得到滾珠絲杠系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)態(tài)溫度場。然后,施加熱載荷,并對滾珠絲杠系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行熱—結(jié)構(gòu)耦合分析,得到滾珠絲杠系統(tǒng)的總熱變形和X、Y、Z三個方向上的熱變形情況。最后,分析影響滾珠絲杠系統(tǒng)熱變形的主要因素,并提出改善滾珠絲杠系統(tǒng)熱態(tài)特性的有效措施,為提高機(jī)床的加工精度提供了依據(jù)。(4)橫梁系統(tǒng)中導(dǎo)軌變形分析。對橫梁上下導(dǎo)軌的變形情況進(jìn)行分析,繪制出導(dǎo)軌的變形曲線和補(bǔ)償曲線,并通過數(shù)值分析得到擬合補(bǔ)償曲線方程;然后,仿真導(dǎo)軌在實(shí)際工況下的穩(wěn)態(tài)溫度場和瞬態(tài)溫度場以及熱結(jié)構(gòu)耦合分析,獲得導(dǎo)軌熱變形情況。同時,與靜態(tài)載荷作用下的變形對比,分析導(dǎo)軌熱態(tài)特性對靜態(tài)特性的影響。最后,仿真分析影響導(dǎo)軌熱變形的主要因素,并提出減少導(dǎo)軌變形的有效措施。
[Abstract]:Gantry machining center is widely used in automobile, aerospace, shipping and other industries, increasing the technology and product research and development of gantry machine tools. It is of great significance to realize the leap development of the manufacturing equipment industry, because the crossbeam system of the gantry machining center is the main bearing system of the machine tool. The static and dynamic thermal performance of the crossbeam system has a great influence on the machining accuracy and cutting performance of the machine tool. It is very important to study the design and performance of beam system. This paper combines finite element analysis with theoretical calculation. The purpose of this paper is to study the static and dynamic characteristics of the cross beam system in XH2130 gantry machining center, and to verify whether the design and performance parameters of the cross beam system meet the design requirements. The main research contents are as follows: 1) static characteristic analysis of the crossbeam system. The finite element model of the gantry machining center and the crossbeam system is established. The influence of balanced cylinder on its key components is fully taken into account in the stress analysis. The Scripting function of ANSYS Workbench is used for multi-model calculation under a variety of working conditions. The static characteristic analysis results are obtained and compared with the analysis results of the unloaded balanced cylinder, it can be seen that loading the balanced cylinder can effectively reduce the total deformation of the beam system. It provides a theoretical basis for structural optimization of beam system. It provides a theoretical basis for modal analysis and harmonic response analysis of crossbeam system. The vibration equation is obtained. Through modal analysis, the sixth order mode and natural frequency are obtained, and the results of natural frequency theory and finite element analysis are compared and found to be very close. Based on the modal analysis, the harmonic response of the beam is analyzed, and the influence of the system damping on the dynamic performance of the beam system is considered. Finally, the modal analysis of the ball screw in the beam system is carried out, and the sixth order vibration mode and the critical speed of each order are obtained. It is known that there is no resonance in the ball screw in the effective range. The thermal characteristics of the ball screw in the beam system are analyzed. The steady temperature field of the ball screw system is obtained by the finite element modeling analysis. The total thermal deformation of the ball screw system and the thermal deformation of the ball screw system in three directions are obtained by applying the heating load and the thermal-structure coupling analysis of the ball screw system. Finally, the thermal deformation of the ball screw system is obtained. The main factors affecting the thermal deformation of the ball screw system are analyzed, and the effective measures to improve the hot state characteristics of the ball screw system are put forward. In order to improve the machining accuracy of the machine tool, the deformation analysis of the guide rail in the crossbeam system is provided. The deformation of the upper and lower guideways of the beam is analyzed, and the deformation curve and compensation curve of the guide rail are drawn. The fitting compensation curve equation is obtained by numerical analysis. Then, the steady temperature field, transient temperature field and thermal structure coupling analysis of the guide rail under the actual conditions are simulated, and the thermal deformation of the guide rail is obtained. At the same time, it is compared with the deformation under static load. Finally, the main factors affecting the thermal deformation of the guide rail are analyzed, and the effective measures to reduce the thermal deformation of the guide rail are put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘇州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TG659

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