本文關(guān)鍵詞：機(jī)床導(dǎo)軌爬行機(jī)理及抑制方法研究　出處：《燕山大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 滑動導(dǎo)軌 自激振動 粘滑運(yùn)動 爬行

【摘要】：傳統(tǒng)的金屬對金屬接觸類型的導(dǎo)軌雖然具備很多優(yōu)勢,但是其低速爬行問題制約了其在精密機(jī)床的應(yīng)用。通過對比其他接觸類型如金屬對塑料,金屬對靜壓油膜的導(dǎo)軌,發(fā)現(xiàn)這些導(dǎo)軌雖然沒有低速爬行的缺點(diǎn),但是在其他方面和金屬對金屬導(dǎo)軌相比沒有優(yōu)勢,所以本文的研究目標(biāo)是在保持金屬對金屬接觸類型導(dǎo)軌原有優(yōu)勢的基礎(chǔ)上解決其低速爬行問題,使金屬對金屬接觸類型導(dǎo)軌能夠適用于數(shù)控機(jī)床。本文首先針對常規(guī)的絲杠——導(dǎo)軌進(jìn)給系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了物理建模、數(shù)學(xué)建模、仿真建模,為理論分析打下基礎(chǔ)。物理建模過程中對進(jìn)給系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行簡化。數(shù)學(xué)建模對物理模型進(jìn)行力學(xué)分析得到數(shù)學(xué)表達(dá)式。仿真建模首先解決了摩擦力的仿真建模問題,然后根據(jù)數(shù)學(xué)模型使用simulink構(gòu)建了本文的仿真系統(tǒng),編制了仿真數(shù)據(jù)的處理程序。理論分析按照單自由度運(yùn)動、有摩擦的單自由度運(yùn)動、導(dǎo)軌爬行的順序,通過分析仿真系統(tǒng)生成的相軌跡圖像和理論推導(dǎo)對導(dǎo)軌的爬行現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行了研究。研究表明導(dǎo)軌的爬行現(xiàn)象有兩種情況,從振動的角度分類為軟激勵自振和硬激勵自振兩種情況。本文推導(dǎo)出了這兩種情況的臨界速度公式,并通過仿真驗證公式具有一定的準(zhǔn)確性。根據(jù)臨界速度公式研究了抑制導(dǎo)軌爬行現(xiàn)象可行方法。在分析了常規(guī)方法之后本文基于摩擦力的性質(zhì)找到了通過改變摩擦力方向改變導(dǎo)軌摩擦特性的方法�；谶@個方法本文設(shè)計了兩種抑制普通滑動導(dǎo)軌爬行的方法。一種是設(shè)計了用于抑制普通滑動導(dǎo)軌爬行的阻尼器,一種是設(shè)計新結(jié)構(gòu)的滑動導(dǎo)軌。并對其應(yīng)用中可能具備的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了分析。仿真也表明這種方法在抑制導(dǎo)軌爬行方面十分有效。
[Abstract]:Although the traditional metal to metal contact rail has many advantages, but its low speed crawling problem restricts its application in precision machine tools. By comparing other contact types such as metal to plastic. Metal to hydrostatic film of the guide, although these guides do not have the shortcomings of low speed crawling, but in other aspects and metal to metal guide has no advantage. Therefore, the research goal of this paper is to solve the problem of low speed creep on the basis of maintaining the advantages of metal to metal contact type guideways. The metal to metal contact type guideway can be applied to CNC machine tools. Firstly, physical modeling, mathematical modeling and simulation modeling are carried out for the conventional leadscrew-guideway feed system. In the process of physical modeling, the feed system is simplified. The mathematical expression is obtained by mechanical analysis of the physical model. Firstly, the problem of friction modeling is solved. According to the mathematical model, the simulation system of this paper is constructed with simulink, and the processing program of simulation data is compiled. The theoretical analysis is based on the motion of single degree of freedom and the movement of single degree of freedom with friction. By analyzing the phase trajectory image generated by the simulation system and theoretical derivation, the crawling phenomenon of the guide rail is studied. The research shows that there are two kinds of crawling phenomena of the guide rail. From the point of view of vibration, there are two kinds of cases: soft excitation and hard excitation. In this paper, the critical velocity formulas of these two cases are derived. According to the formula of critical velocity, the feasible method of restraining the slippage of guideway is studied. After analyzing the conventional method, based on the properties of friction force, this paper finds out how to change the friction. Based on this method, two kinds of methods are designed to restrain the sliding-guideway creep. One is to design a damper to restrain the sliding-guide rail creep. One is the design of sliding guide rail with new structure, and the advantages and disadvantages of its application are analyzed. The simulation also shows that this method is very effective in restraining the creeping of guide rail.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：燕山大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TG502.3

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