2195鋁鋰合金熱加工力學(xué)行為及微觀組織演變規(guī)律研究
本文關(guān)鍵詞:2195鋁鋰合金熱加工力學(xué)行為及微觀組織演變規(guī)律研究 出處:《重慶大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文 論文類型:學(xué)位論文
更多相關(guān)文章: 2195鋁鋰合金 圓柱體單向壓縮 平面應(yīng)變壓縮 本構(gòu)方程 微觀組織 軟化機(jī)制 加工圖
【摘要】:2195鋁鋰合金是1989年開發(fā)的第三代新型鋁鋰合金。該合金具有密度低、高強(qiáng)度、比剛度高以及良好的耐熱性和抗腐蝕性能等特點(diǎn),被認(rèn)為是航空航天工業(yè)中的理想結(jié)構(gòu)材料。本文通過在Gleeble-3500熱模擬機(jī)上對(duì)均勻化后的2195鋁鋰合金試樣進(jìn)行單道次變形量為60%的圓柱體單向壓縮與平面應(yīng)變壓縮實(shí)驗(yàn),其熱變形溫度為400℃,420℃,440℃,460℃,480℃,500℃,應(yīng)變速率為0.01s-1,0.1s-1,1s-1,10s-1。研究了該合金在兩種壓縮方式下的高溫流變行為,包括流變應(yīng)力、本構(gòu)關(guān)系、微觀組織演變和加工圖,并對(duì)比分析了它們在兩種壓縮方式下的差異,為工廠的實(shí)際生產(chǎn)工藝提供了一定的理論指導(dǎo)意義。主要研究結(jié)果如下:2195鋁鋰合金在圓柱體單向壓縮與平面應(yīng)變壓縮過程中均具有穩(wěn)態(tài)流變特征和動(dòng)態(tài)軟化趨勢。且當(dāng)應(yīng)變速率不變時(shí),隨著溫度的升高,材料的峰值應(yīng)力和峰值應(yīng)變均變小。建立了該合金在兩種壓縮方式下的流變應(yīng)力本本構(gòu)方程,得出了2195鋁鋰合金兩種壓縮方式下的熱激活能,其分別為圓柱體單向壓縮條件下為190.27KJ/mol,平面應(yīng)變壓縮條件下為216.56 KJ/mol,簡要分析了其激活能差異的原因。2195鋁鋰合金兩種壓縮方式下熱變形過程中的金相微觀組織觀察表明在420℃以下呈現(xiàn)動(dòng)態(tài)回復(fù)特征,在440℃以上則以動(dòng)態(tài)再結(jié)晶為主要特征;EBSD分析結(jié)果表明隨著Z參數(shù)的降低(即溫度升高或應(yīng)變速率降低),合金內(nèi)部小角度晶界逐漸減少,大角度晶界逐漸增加,軟化機(jī)制由動(dòng)態(tài)回復(fù)向動(dòng)態(tài)再結(jié)晶轉(zhuǎn)變。獲得了2195鋁鋰合金兩種壓縮方式下不同應(yīng)變的熱加工圖與整體加工圖。熱加工圖表明應(yīng)變對(duì)2195鋁鋰合金兩種壓縮方式下的流變失穩(wěn)區(qū)都有較大影響,隨著應(yīng)變的增加,流變失穩(wěn)區(qū)逐漸明顯增大,而安全加工區(qū)域逐漸減小,功率耗散系數(shù)變化不大,即應(yīng)變對(duì)功率耗散系數(shù)的影響較小。對(duì)整體加工圖的差異區(qū)域進(jìn)行微觀組織進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析,表明平面應(yīng)變壓縮相比圓柱體單向壓縮的組織更能準(zhǔn)確的反應(yīng)實(shí)驗(yàn)室條件下真實(shí)的加工過程。綜合考慮兩種壓縮方式下的各變形條件的影響,并結(jié)合兩種壓縮方式下加工圖的特點(diǎn),得出2195鋁鋰合金的安全加工區(qū)域?yàn)?溫度范圍在440℃-500℃之間,應(yīng)變速率范圍在0.01s-1-0.1s-1之間。
[Abstract]:2195 Al Li alloy is the third generation of new type Al Li alloy developed in 1989. The alloy is characterized by low density, high strength, high specific stiffness, good heat resistance and corrosion resistance. It is considered as an ideal structural material in aerospace industry. Based on Gleeble-3500 hot simulator for single pass deformation of 60% cylinder compression and plane strain compression tests of 2195 aluminum lithium alloy samples after homogenization, the thermal deformation temperature of 400 DEG C, 420 C, 440 C, 460 C, 480 C, 500 C, the strain rate of 0.01s-1,0.1s-1,1s-1,10s-1. Study on the alloy in two kinds of compression under high temperature rheological behavior, including rheological stress, constitutive relation, microstructure evolution and processing map, and analyzed them in two compression mode difference, provides certain theoretical guidance for the actual production process of the factory. The main results are as follows: 2195 Al Li alloy has steady state rheological characteristics and Dynamic Softening Trend during the unidirectional compression and plane strain compression of the cylinder. When the strain rate is constant, the peak stress and peak strain of the material become smaller with the increase of temperature. Founded by the alloy in the two kinds of compression stress under this constitutive equation, obtained 2195 aluminum lithium alloy two kinds of compression of the thermal activation energy, which are respectively a cylinder one-way compression under the condition of 190.27KJ/mol, the plane strain compression under the condition of 216.56 KJ/mol, a brief analysis of the causes of the differences in the activation energy. The deformation microstructure of 2195 aluminum lithium alloy two kinds of compression heat present observation shows that dynamic recovery at 420 Deg. C, at 440 DEG by dynamic recrystallization is the main characteristic; EBSD analysis results show that with decreasing Z parameters (i.e., temperature or strain rate), alloy internal small angle the grain boundary decreases gradually, high angle grain boundary increases gradually, the softening mechanism of dynamic recrystallization by dynamic recovery to change. The thermal processing diagram and whole processing diagram of different strain of 2195 aluminum lithium alloy under two compression methods were obtained. Thermal processing shows that the strain on the rheology of 2195 aluminum lithium alloy two kinds of compression under the unstable region have a greater impact, with the increase of the strain, flow instability region gradually increased, and the safe processing region gradually decreases and the power dissipation coefficient changes little, the strain has little effect on power consumption dispersion coefficient. The microstructure of the difference area of the whole processing map is compared and analyzed. It shows that the plane strain compression is more accurate than the cylinder unidirectional compression structure to react to the real machining process under laboratory conditions. Considering the influence of all the deformation conditions under the two compression modes, and combining the characteristics of the two processing methods, it is concluded that the safe processing area of the 2195 aluminum lithium alloy is: the temperature range is between 440 -500 and the strain rate range is between 0.01s-1-0.1s-1.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2015
【分類號(hào)】:TG146.21
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