【摘要】：在經(jīng)濟(jì)快速發(fā)展的背景下,交通運(yùn)輸業(yè)也得到了的迅猛發(fā)展。作為起著主導(dǎo)地位的公路交通隧道,在帶來給山區(qū)等交通困難地區(qū)提供便捷和節(jié)約方式的同時(shí),也帶來了新的安全消防隱患。由于隧道結(jié)構(gòu)上的獨(dú)特性,具有密閉狹長(zhǎng)通道和較窄的橫截面積。即時(shí)隧道火災(zāi)事故總體發(fā)生比例較小,但是一旦隧道發(fā)生火災(zāi)并產(chǎn)生蔓延時(shí),由于隧道火災(zāi)特性而產(chǎn)生的不完全燃燒釋放的有毒有害高溫?zé)釤煔馔斐扇核廊簜闹卮蟀踩鹿�。因�?研究隧道火災(zāi)煙氣溫度以及流動(dòng)特性對(duì)于隧道火災(zāi)消防安全有著重大的意義。 針對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外已有不同尺寸的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)試驗(yàn)所得研究結(jié)論,基于對(duì)隧道內(nèi)頂結(jié)構(gòu)防火保護(hù)而研究的火焰羽流及煙流上升作用在隧道頂棚位置的最高溫度時(shí)Kurioka的最高煙氣溫度預(yù)測(cè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)公式、胡隆華等人提出的煙氣流縱向衰減規(guī)律,李立明、易亮等人提出的燃燒熱阻效應(yīng),本文已有理論的分析作為基礎(chǔ),運(yùn)用計(jì)算流體動(dòng)力學(xué)(CFD)軟件中的(FDS)模擬軟件,對(duì)隧道火區(qū)上下游不同分布特征進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬計(jì)算,并和已有經(jīng)驗(yàn)公式進(jìn)行對(duì)比驗(yàn)證。采用兩種火源功率、七種通風(fēng)風(fēng)速,新增不同火源高度條件的工況條件進(jìn)行模擬計(jì)算 從已有研究將火源設(shè)置為地面火的前提下,提出當(dāng)火源位置較高,火羽流燃燒直接作用于隧道頂部時(shí)的情況,并根據(jù)已有經(jīng)驗(yàn)公式進(jìn)行修正擬合,分析最高溫度位置的偏移和數(shù)值上的不同、縱向通風(fēng)下高溫?zé)煔鈱拥乃p,火區(qū)火焰在縱向通風(fēng)作用下燃燒往下游擾動(dòng)的偏移距離�？v向火災(zāi)煙氣流動(dòng)衰減的影響變化,與胡隆華提出的影響影響系數(shù)K的指數(shù)變化規(guī)律進(jìn)行比對(duì)分析隧道模擬所得數(shù)值與理論模型以及擬合值之間關(guān)系。結(jié)果表明：在模擬驗(yàn)證地面火源時(shí),運(yùn)用Kurioka及已有學(xué)者研究改進(jìn)的公式模擬對(duì)比驗(yàn)證時(shí),有較為符合的結(jié)果,在模擬縱向衰減系數(shù)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)公式計(jì)算和模擬結(jié)果對(duì)照時(shí),數(shù)值模擬所得溫度較公式計(jì)算誤差較大,需要重新分析參數(shù)影響,定義修正適用條件。 本文在對(duì)理論進(jìn)行分析后,運(yùn)用數(shù)值模擬的方法進(jìn)行對(duì)比研究,對(duì)隧道火災(zāi)的熱煙氣流物理特性的研究,對(duì)進(jìn)一步分析隧道火災(zāi)燃燒特性提供幫助。
文內(nèi)圖片：
圖片說明：柂進(jìn)火災(zāi)與工業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)火災(zāi)溫度發(fā)展趨勢(shì)對(duì)比
[Abstract]:Under the background of rapid economic development, the transportation and transportation industry has developed rapidly. As a leading road traffic tunnel, a new safety and fire hazard is also brought about by providing a convenient and economical way to the difficult areas such as the mountainous area. Due to the uniqueness of the tunnel structure, a closed elongated channel and a narrow cross-sectional area are provided. The overall proportion of fire accidents in the real-time tunnel is small, but once the tunnel has a fire and is spreading, the poisonous and harmful high-temperature hot flue gas generated by incomplete combustion and release due to the fire characteristics of the tunnel often causes major safety accidents of the group death group injury. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the temperature and flow characteristics of fire smoke in the tunnel. Based on the results of the field tests of different sizes at home and abroad, the maximum flue gas temperature of the tunnel ceiling is predicted by the flame plume and the plume rise which is studied based on the fire protection of the roof structure in the tunnel and the maximum temperature of the maximum flue gas temperature in the tunnel ceiling. In this paper, the longitudinal decay law of the flue gas flow, such as the longitudinal decay of the flue gas flow, Li Liming, Yi Liang, etc., has been put forward by such people as the formula, Hu Longhua, etc. The theoretical analysis is used as the basis for the simulation of the soft-water flow (FDS) in the fluid dynamics (CFD) software. The numerical simulation of the different distribution characteristics of the upstream and downstream of the tunnel fire area is carried out and compared with the existing empirical formula. Certificate. It is simulated with two fire source power, seven ventilation wind speeds, and working conditions for adding different fire source height conditions. On the premise that the fire source is set to ground fire from the existing research, it is proposed that when the position of the fire source is high, the combustion of the fire plume directly acts on the top of the tunnel according to the existing empirical formula, the deviation and the numerical value of the highest temperature position are analyzed, the attenuation of the high-temperature flue gas layer in the longitudinal ventilation is analyzed, the flame of the fire zone is combusted to the downstream disturbance under the action of longitudinal ventilation, The influence of the longitudinal fire smoke flow attenuation, the change of the index of the influence factor K, which is proposed by Hu Longhua, is compared with that of the theoretical model and the fitting value of the analysis tunnel simulation. The results show that, in the simulation and verification of the ground fire source, the results of simulation and comparison of the modified formula are simulated by using the Kuroka and the existing scholars, and the empirical formula of the longitudinal attenuation coefficient is calculated and simulated. In contrast, the calculated temperature of the numerical simulation is higher than that of the formula, and the influence of the parameter needs to be re-analyzed, and the correction is defined. In this paper, after the analysis of the theory, the numerical simulation method is used to study the physical characteristics of the hot flue gas flow in the tunnel fire, and the fire burn of the tunnel is further analyzed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：U453.5;U458

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本文編號(hào)：2511667