高性能環(huán)氧瀝青的制備與性能表征
發(fā)布時間:2019-06-19 11:09
【摘要】:高性能環(huán)氧瀝青(high-performance epoxy asphalt)是環(huán)氧樹脂改性瀝青的簡稱,它是一種聚合物改性瀝青,是在瀝青中加入環(huán)氧樹脂和固化劑等改性劑,經過固化反應后,形成熱固性彈性體,從根本上改變了瀝青的熱塑性行為,賦予瀝青優(yōu)異的耐高低溫性能、力學性能、粘結性能、耐水和溶劑性能。自1967年以來環(huán)氧瀝青被廣泛用于大跨徑鋼橋面的鋪裝,我國從2000年開始在南京長江二橋鋪裝美國環(huán)氧瀝青,取得極大成功,從此以后我國先后有30多座橋梁采用環(huán)氧瀝青進行鋪裝,其中包括蘇通大橋、杭州灣跨海大橋和舟山西堠門大橋等世界著名的橋梁。進口環(huán)氧瀝青的價格很高,是普通瀝青的十幾倍,因此開發(fā)國產環(huán)氧瀝青具有重要的經濟和社會意義。 本論文在研究了固化劑、相容劑、增韌劑、粘度調節(jié)劑對環(huán)氧瀝青力學性能和粘度影響的基礎上,制備出高性能環(huán)氧瀝青,其中自研環(huán)氧瀝青粘結料和結合料中環(huán)氧樹脂和瀝青(含固化劑等改性劑)的配比分別達到1:4.40和1:5.70,接近美國產品的配比(1:4.45和1:5.85),并且高于國內產品的配比(1:2.90和1:2.45)。自研環(huán)氧瀝青粘結料和結合料23℃時拉伸強度和斷裂伸長率與美國環(huán)氧瀝青的力學性能接近,分別達到9.57 MPa、3.83MPa和343%、588%。121℃時粘度達到1000 mPa.s所需的時間分別為34min和57min,均超過進口產品的技術要求(20min和57min),并且與進口產品不同,自研的環(huán)氧瀝青可以根據(jù)實際需要來調節(jié)粘度。此外,未固化和固化后的自研環(huán)氧瀝青結合料在60℃時的馬歇爾穩(wěn)定度、流值和孔隙率也均達到了進口產品的技術要求。 本論文利用差示掃描量熱儀(DSC)、動態(tài)機械分析儀(DMA)、熱失重分析儀(TGA)、激光掃描共聚焦顯微鏡(LSCM)等手段比較了美國和自研環(huán)氧瀝青粘結料和結合料的固化行為、玻璃化溫度(Tg)、阻尼行為、熱穩(wěn)定性和微觀結構。 DSC等溫固化研究表明,環(huán)氧瀝青粘結料和結合料的等溫固化DSC曲線都成S型的,這說明環(huán)氧瀝青的固化反應屬于自催化類型。自研環(huán)氧瀝青粘結料和結合料的固化反應速度與比美國相應產品的速度快,并且固化反應熱要比美國產品高一些。環(huán)氧瀝青粘結料和結合料121℃加熱4h完全固化,而純環(huán)氧樹脂需要加熱10h才能完全固化,說明瀝青對環(huán)氧樹脂的固化反應有促進作用。 DSC研究還表明,無論是自研還是美國環(huán)氧瀝青粘結料和結合料固化后,都出現(xiàn)一個玻璃化轉變,并且瀝青原有的熔融峰消失,說明環(huán)氧瀝青中的環(huán)氧樹脂和瀝青具有了很好的相容性。DSC結果表明,固化后的環(huán)氧瀝青粘結料和結合料的Tg在固化后的純環(huán)氧樹脂和純?yōu)r青的Tg之間,并且固化后的自研環(huán)氧瀝青粘結料和結合料的Tg略低于固化后的美國環(huán)氧瀝青的Tg,說明自研環(huán)氧瀝青具有更好的低溫性能,DMA測試結果也得到了同樣的結論。 DMA結果還表明,固化后的環(huán)氧瀝青粘結料的儲存模量要高于結合料的儲存模量。固化后的環(huán)氧瀝青粘結料和結合料的tanδ-溫度曲線除了具有一個玻璃化轉變峰(α轉變)以外,在-10℃到-30℃之間還存在一個β轉變峰,所對應的是束縛在環(huán)氧樹脂交聯(lián)網絡中的瀝青的Tg。環(huán)氧瀝青粘結料和結合料都具有很高tanδ峰值(阻尼系數(shù),在1.46-1.66之間),tanδ 0.3的溫度區(qū)間均在40℃左右,另外,環(huán)氧瀝青粘結料和結合料tanδ-溫度曲線的面積(TA)在38-47K之間,這些結果都說明環(huán)氧瀝青具有很好的阻尼行為。 TGA結果表明,加入環(huán)氧樹脂后,瀝青的熱穩(wěn)定性降低。并且,純?yōu)r青的熱穩(wěn)定性要高于固化后的純環(huán)氧樹脂體系的熱穩(wěn)定性。DTG結果表明,瀝青中加入環(huán)氧樹脂后,其熱分解過程發(fā)生顯著變化。 LSCM觀察結果表明,美國環(huán)氧瀝青粘結料和結合料固化后都發(fā)生了相分離,瀝青聚集成幾個微米到20微米的球狀結構均勻地分散在環(huán)氧樹脂形成的交聯(lián)網絡中。而自研的環(huán)氧瀝青則出現(xiàn)更細密的相分離結構,同時這些結構中還有幾個很大的瀝青和環(huán)氧樹脂相分離結構的聚集體。相分離結構的形成賦予環(huán)氧瀝青更好的韌性。 上述研究結果對揭示高性能環(huán)氧瀝青的作用機理以及環(huán)氧瀝青的制備和應用具有重要的理論指導作用。
[Abstract]:high-performance epoxy asphalt is the abbreviation of the epoxy resin modified asphalt, The thermoplastic behavior of the asphalt is fundamentally changed, and the high and low temperature resistance, the mechanical property, the adhesive property, the water resistance and the solvent property of the asphalt are endowed. Since 1967, epoxy asphalt has been widely used in the spread of large-span steel bridge deck. Since 2000, the epoxy asphalt in the United States has been paved on the second bridge of Nanjing Yangtze River, and has been greatly successful. Since then, more than 30 bridges in China have been paved with epoxy asphalt, including the Sutong Bridge. Hangzhou Bay Cross-sea Bridge and Zhoushan West Gate Bridge and other world-famous bridges. The price of imported epoxy asphalt is very high, which is more than ten times that of common asphalt, so it is of great economic and social significance to develop domestic epoxy asphalt. The effect of curing agent, compatilizer, flexibilizer and viscosity modifier on the mechanical properties and viscosity of epoxy asphalt was studied. The ratio of the self-research epoxy asphalt binder and the epoxy resin and the asphalt (including the curing agent and other modifiers) to the asphalt is 1: 4.40 and 1: 5.70 respectively, and the ratio of the mixture to the product of the United States (1: 4.45 and 1: 5.85) is higher than that of the domestic product (1: 2.90 and 1: 2.4). 5) The tensile strength and elongation at 23.degree. C. of the self-research epoxy asphalt binder and the binder are close to the mechanical properties of the epoxy asphalt in the United States, respectively reaching 9.57 MPa, 3.83 MPa and 343%,588%. The time required for the viscosity to reach 1000 mPa.s at 121 鈩,
本文編號:2502299
[Abstract]:high-performance epoxy asphalt is the abbreviation of the epoxy resin modified asphalt, The thermoplastic behavior of the asphalt is fundamentally changed, and the high and low temperature resistance, the mechanical property, the adhesive property, the water resistance and the solvent property of the asphalt are endowed. Since 1967, epoxy asphalt has been widely used in the spread of large-span steel bridge deck. Since 2000, the epoxy asphalt in the United States has been paved on the second bridge of Nanjing Yangtze River, and has been greatly successful. Since then, more than 30 bridges in China have been paved with epoxy asphalt, including the Sutong Bridge. Hangzhou Bay Cross-sea Bridge and Zhoushan West Gate Bridge and other world-famous bridges. The price of imported epoxy asphalt is very high, which is more than ten times that of common asphalt, so it is of great economic and social significance to develop domestic epoxy asphalt. The effect of curing agent, compatilizer, flexibilizer and viscosity modifier on the mechanical properties and viscosity of epoxy asphalt was studied. The ratio of the self-research epoxy asphalt binder and the epoxy resin and the asphalt (including the curing agent and other modifiers) to the asphalt is 1: 4.40 and 1: 5.70 respectively, and the ratio of the mixture to the product of the United States (1: 4.45 and 1: 5.85) is higher than that of the domestic product (1: 2.90 and 1: 2.4). 5) The tensile strength and elongation at 23.degree. C. of the self-research epoxy asphalt binder and the binder are close to the mechanical properties of the epoxy asphalt in the United States, respectively reaching 9.57 MPa, 3.83 MPa and 343%,588%. The time required for the viscosity to reach 1000 mPa.s at 121 鈩,
本文編號:2502299
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