【摘要】：公路隧道中空氣的清潔衛(wèi)生，關(guān)系著每一個經(jīng)過隧道的乘車人員的生命安全。為了保證隧道空氣的清潔度，使得隧道內(nèi)CO濃度和VI值始終在合理的范圍內(nèi)，需要設(shè)計隧道通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)�，F(xiàn)階段，隧道通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)中采用常規(guī)控制方法雖然可以滿足空氣清潔度的要求，卻因為過多風(fēng)機開啟浪費了電能。所以，找到合理控制策略來優(yōu)化風(fēng)機開啟數(shù)目，對于減少通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)的能源消耗，有著重要而又現(xiàn)實的意義。本文針對此目標(biāo)做了以下研究： (1)對隧道通風(fēng)進行了一維力學(xué)分析，建立了各部分的力學(xué)模型，并詳細介紹了各模型之間的參數(shù)耦合關(guān)系，提出了隧道污染物推移方程及其求解方法，為控制方案仿真分析提供了數(shù)學(xué)基礎(chǔ)。 (2)分析了交通流預(yù)測在隧道通風(fēng)控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計中的重要意義，介紹了多種交通流預(yù)測方法的優(yōu)點與不足。提出基于時間序列分析的ARMA-GARCH模型進行短時交通流預(yù)測，，預(yù)測精度滿足工程實際要求。 (3)針對隧道通風(fēng)控制系統(tǒng)的大時滯和非線性問題，提出了前饋式模糊控制方案，并分析了該控制方案的適用性。同時，以預(yù)測的車流量和CO濃度偏差為輸入，風(fēng)機開啟數(shù)為輸出，設(shè)計了模糊控制器。利用了Matlab軟件，分別對前饋式模糊控制方案以及分段控制方案進行了控制效果的仿真對比，驗證了該方案的有效性，實現(xiàn)了隧道通風(fēng)的預(yù)測控制。 (4)搭建隧道通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)的硬件平臺，介紹了各部分硬件的功能及選型等�；赩B6.0編程環(huán)境開發(fā)了上位機監(jiān)控軟件，并利用該開發(fā)環(huán)境和Matlab進行了聯(lián)合編程，使得Matlab中的交通流預(yù)測算法、模糊控制算法融合到上位機軟件中。同時還給出了下位機PLC的編程思路，調(diào)試成功了該軟硬件系統(tǒng)。
[Abstract]:The cleanliness and hygiene of the air in the highway tunnel is related to the safety of every passenger passing through the tunnel. In order to ensure the cleanliness of tunnel air and keep the CO concentration and VI value in a reasonable range, it is necessary to design a tunnel ventilation system. At present, the conventional control method used in tunnel ventilation system can meet the requirement of air cleanliness, but it wastes electric energy because too many fans are turned on. Therefore, finding a reasonable control strategy to optimize the number of fan opening has important and practical significance for reducing the energy consumption of ventilation system. In this paper, the following research is done: (1) the one-dimensional mechanical analysis of tunnel ventilation is carried out, and the mechanical models of each part are established, and the coupling relationship between the parameters of each model is introduced in detail. The passage equation of tunnel contaminants and its solution are presented, which provide a mathematical basis for the simulation and analysis of the control scheme. (2) the importance of traffic flow prediction in the design of tunnel ventilation control system is analyzed, and the advantages and disadvantages of various traffic flow prediction methods are introduced. A ARMA-GARCH model based on time series analysis is proposed to predict short-term traffic flow, and the prediction accuracy meets the requirements of engineering practice. (3) aiming at the large time-delay and nonlinear problems of tunnel ventilation control system, a feed-forward fuzzy control scheme is proposed, and the applicability of the control scheme is analyzed. At the same time, the fuzzy controller is designed with the deviation of the predicted traffic flow and CO concentration as the input and the fan opening number as the output. By using Matlab software, the control effects of feed-forward fuzzy control scheme and piecewise control scheme are simulated and compared, the effectiveness of the scheme is verified, and the predictive control of tunnel ventilation is realized. (4) the hardware platform of tunnel ventilation system is set up, and the function and selection of each part of the hardware are introduced. The monitoring software of upper computer is developed based on VB6.0 programming environment and combined programming with Matlab. The traffic flow prediction algorithm in Matlab and fuzzy control algorithm are integrated into the upper computer software. At the same time, the programming idea of the lower computer PLC is given, and the hardware and software system is successfully debugged.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U453.5

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