城市突發(fā)事件下應急交通分配研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-03-25 10:40
【摘要】：近年來，由自然因素、人為因素及社會因素引發(fā)的城市突發(fā)事件頻繁發(fā)生，城市道路交通系統(tǒng)遇到了前所未有的挑戰(zhàn)。要在城市突發(fā)事件下保障人員生命及財產(chǎn)安全，城市路網(wǎng)的合理維護與控制管理變得至關(guān)重要。事件爆發(fā)后，，道路交通狀況隨之發(fā)生驟變，交通系統(tǒng)特征變化、交通流量波動、道路設(shè)施毀壞及交通信息缺失等問題無不沖擊著政府或組織的決策判斷，甚至危及公共安全。同時，由于信息的高度缺失性，很難在短時間內(nèi)準確把握災害信息并提供有效的應急決策及疏散救援措施。 圍繞合理應對交通突變這一問題，國內(nèi)外首先開展的是關(guān)于應急交通管理的研究，對于定量分析研究還處在發(fā)展階段，論文深入研究應急交通分配相關(guān)問題，提出建立基于城市突發(fā)事件下交通影響等級劃分的應急交通分配模型。 首先以城市突發(fā)事件為背景，根據(jù)城市突發(fā)事件性質(zhì)，對道路交通影響進行評價，建立了城市突發(fā)事件應急交通影響等級判定體系。確定影響等級為城市突發(fā)事件下道路交通阻抗函數(shù)提供定量分析的依據(jù)。其次，通過擬合不同影響等級下的城市道路阻抗函數(shù)模型，為應急動態(tài)交通分配提供路阻函數(shù)計算公式，保證了城市突發(fā)事件下道路出行時間計算的有效性。最后結(jié)合系統(tǒng)最優(yōu)原則，運用動態(tài)交通分配模型，進行城市突發(fā)事件下的應急交通分配模型建立，從而達到城市突發(fā)事件下道路使用權(quán)的合理分配及應急疏散救援的最終目標。最后，對某城市突發(fā)事件下的應急交通影響等級進行了案例判定，并利用仿真軟件對動態(tài)交通分配進行了仿真研究。通過對仿真結(jié)果的分析，證明了參數(shù)修正后的模型應用于應急交通分配是有效的。
[Abstract]:In recent years, urban emergencies caused by natural factors, human factors and social factors have occurred frequently, and the urban road transportation system has encountered an unprecedented challenge. It is very important to ensure the safety of life and property of the personnel and the reasonable maintenance and control of the urban road network in the event of the urban emergency. After the incident, the traffic situation of the road has changed, the characteristics of the traffic system, the fluctuation of the traffic flow, the destruction of the road facilities and the lack of traffic information, etc., all have the impact on the decision-making of the government or the organization, and even the public safety. At the same time, due to the high loss of information, it is difficult to accurately grasp the disaster information in a short time and provide effective emergency decision-making and evacuation rescue measures. In order to deal with the problem of traffic abrupt change, the research on the emergency traffic management is carried out at home and abroad, and the research of the quantitative analysis is still in the development stage. In this paper, an emergency traffic distribution model based on the traffic impact level of urban emergencies is put forward First, based on the urban emergency, according to the nature of the urban incident, the influence of the road traffic is evaluated, and the impact level of the emergency traffic of the urban emergency is established. Determination of the Influence Level to the Quantitative Analysis of the Road Traffic Impedance Function under the Urban Emergency Secondly, by fitting the model of the urban road impedance function under different influence levels, the formula of the road resistance function is provided for the emergency dynamic traffic distribution, and the calculation of the travel time of the road under the emergency of the city is guaranteed. Finally, according to the optimal principle of the system, the dynamic traffic assignment model is applied to establish the emergency traffic distribution model under the urban emergency, so as to achieve the reasonable distribution of the road use right under the urban emergency and the most emergency evacuation rescue. Finally, the case decision is made to the emergency traffic impact level in a certain city, and the dynamic traffic assignment is simulated by the simulation software. Through the analysis of the simulation results, it is proved that the model after the parameter modification is applied to the emergency traffic distribution
【學位授予單位】：石家莊鐵道大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U491
本文編號：2446895
[Abstract]:In recent years, urban emergencies caused by natural factors, human factors and social factors have occurred frequently, and the urban road transportation system has encountered an unprecedented challenge. It is very important to ensure the safety of life and property of the personnel and the reasonable maintenance and control of the urban road network in the event of the urban emergency. After the incident, the traffic situation of the road has changed, the characteristics of the traffic system, the fluctuation of the traffic flow, the destruction of the road facilities and the lack of traffic information, etc., all have the impact on the decision-making of the government or the organization, and even the public safety. At the same time, due to the high loss of information, it is difficult to accurately grasp the disaster information in a short time and provide effective emergency decision-making and evacuation rescue measures. In order to deal with the problem of traffic abrupt change, the research on the emergency traffic management is carried out at home and abroad, and the research of the quantitative analysis is still in the development stage. In this paper, an emergency traffic distribution model based on the traffic impact level of urban emergencies is put forward First, based on the urban emergency, according to the nature of the urban incident, the influence of the road traffic is evaluated, and the impact level of the emergency traffic of the urban emergency is established. Determination of the Influence Level to the Quantitative Analysis of the Road Traffic Impedance Function under the Urban Emergency Secondly, by fitting the model of the urban road impedance function under different influence levels, the formula of the road resistance function is provided for the emergency dynamic traffic distribution, and the calculation of the travel time of the road under the emergency of the city is guaranteed. Finally, according to the optimal principle of the system, the dynamic traffic assignment model is applied to establish the emergency traffic distribution model under the urban emergency, so as to achieve the reasonable distribution of the road use right under the urban emergency and the most emergency evacuation rescue. Finally, the case decision is made to the emergency traffic impact level in a certain city, and the dynamic traffic assignment is simulated by the simulation software. Through the analysis of the simulation results, it is proved that the model after the parameter modification is applied to the emergency traffic distribution
【學位授予單位】：石家莊鐵道大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U491
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