【摘要】：隨著現(xiàn)代管路傳輸技術(shù)和氣動(dòng)技術(shù)的發(fā)展，復(fù)雜長(zhǎng)管路在日常生產(chǎn)生活中變得愈發(fā)重要，而管路發(fā)生阻塞則會(huì)造成大量經(jīng)濟(jì)損失甚至引發(fā)安全事故。然而現(xiàn)有的復(fù)雜長(zhǎng)管路阻塞檢測(cè)技術(shù)存在諸多缺陷，無(wú)法滿足其阻塞檢測(cè)的需求，因此研究復(fù)雜長(zhǎng)管路阻塞流量特性的評(píng)估方法和檢測(cè)技術(shù)具有極強(qiáng)的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。本文針對(duì)復(fù)雜長(zhǎng)管路中阻塞的流量特性進(jìn)行了深入研究，提出基于瞬態(tài)流法的阻塞檢測(cè)技術(shù)。具體內(nèi)容如下： （1）采用理論分析及仿真模擬的方式研究了管道壅塞流特性。理論分析了等管徑管道和變管徑管道管尾處在壅塞流下的速度特性，，并評(píng)估了管道壅塞流產(chǎn)生條件；采用仿真模擬的方式驗(yàn)證了理論分析的結(jié)論，并總結(jié)出壅塞流下管道阻塞的流量特性。 （2）仿真分析了阻塞管路空氣流動(dòng)規(guī)律并建立了管路阻塞流量模型。通過(guò)FLUENT軟件平臺(tái)對(duì)阻塞流量影響因素進(jìn)行了仿真模擬，探索各阻塞流量影響因素對(duì)管道流量的影響，并在此基礎(chǔ)上利用大量仿真數(shù)據(jù)建立阻塞流量模型。 （3）建立了基于特征線法的復(fù)雜長(zhǎng)管路阻塞檢測(cè)方法和復(fù)雜長(zhǎng)管路阻塞檢測(cè)模型。利用管道內(nèi)瞬態(tài)流的基本規(guī)律，推導(dǎo)出連續(xù)性偏微分方程與運(yùn)動(dòng)偏微分方程；利用特征線法求解偏微分方程組推導(dǎo)出管道內(nèi)部各節(jié)點(diǎn)壓力、流量迭代方程，建立在定容放氣的環(huán)境下建立阻塞前后端的壓力、流量遞推模型，結(jié)合阻塞流量模型及壅塞流特性計(jì)算出管道阻塞的開(kāi)孔面積，并最終建立了基于特征線法的復(fù)雜長(zhǎng)管路阻塞檢測(cè)方法。 （4）設(shè)計(jì)了阻塞檢測(cè)設(shè)備并驗(yàn)證基于特征線法的阻塞檢測(cè)模型的有效性。設(shè)計(jì)基于定容放氣的復(fù)雜長(zhǎng)管路阻塞檢測(cè)設(shè)備，使用此設(shè)備驗(yàn)證特征線法建立的管道阻塞檢測(cè)模型；通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)的方式證明基于定容放氣特征線法的復(fù)雜長(zhǎng)管路阻塞檢測(cè)方法具有較高的檢測(cè)精度。 本文的研究成果對(duì)于復(fù)雜長(zhǎng)管路的阻塞檢測(cè)具有重大的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義，采用定容放氣特征線法為瞬態(tài)流法在此類特殊管道的應(yīng)用起到了較大的示范作用。
[Abstract]:With the development of the modern pipeline transmission technology and the pneumatic technology, the complex long pipeline becomes more and more important in daily production and life, and the blockage of the pipeline can cause a large amount of economic loss and even cause safety accidents. However, the existing complex long pipeline blocking detection technology has many defects, and can not meet the requirement of the blocking detection, therefore, the method and the detection technology for evaluating the flow characteristics of the complex long pipeline are of great practical significance. In this paper, the flow characteristics of the block in the complex long pipeline are studied deeply, and the blocking detection technology based on the transient flow method is put forward. The specific contents are as follows: (1) The method of theoretical analysis and simulation is used to study the flow of the pipeline. Based on the theory, the velocity characteristics of the pipe tail of the pipe and the pipe with variable diameter are analyzed, and the conditions of the flow of the plug flow of the pipe are evaluated. The conclusions of the theoretical analysis are verified by means of simulation and the flow of the blocking of the pipe of the pipe is summarized. (2) The air flow rule of the blocking pipeline is analyzed and the pipeline blocking flow is established. In this paper, the influence factors on the flow of the pipeline are simulated by the FLUENT software platform, and the influence of the influencing factors on the flow of the pipeline is explored, and a large amount of simulation data is used to establish the blocking flow. (3) The method of complex long pipeline blockage detection based on the characteristic line method and the complex long pipeline resistance are established. The continuity partial differential equation and the motion partial differential equation are derived by using the basic law of the transient flow in the pipeline, the pressure of each node in the pipeline and the flow iteration equation are derived by using the characteristic line method, The pressure of the back end, the flow recursive model, the blocking flow model and the plug flow characteristic are combined to calculate the opening area of the pipe block, and the complex long pipeline resistance based on the characteristic line method is finally established. Plug detection method. (4) The blocking detection equipment is designed and the blockage detection based on the characteristic line method is verified The effectiveness of the model is measured. A complex long pipeline blocking detection device based on constant volume deflation is designed, and the pipeline blocking detection model established by the characteristic line method is verified by using the device. The method for detecting the complex long pipeline blockage based on the constant-volume deflating characteristic line method has the advantages that the method for detecting the complex long pipeline blockage based on the constant-volume deflating characteristic line method The results of this paper are of great practical significance for the detection of the blockage of complex long pipeline, and the method of constant-volume deflating characteristic line is used to apply the transient flow method to the application of such special pipes.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京航空航天大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：U171

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