【摘要】：高速公路車速快,交通量大,高速公路隧道的照明標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求高、隧道照明功率大。高亮度長(zhǎng)時(shí)間照明會(huì)導(dǎo)致燈具損壞多,更換頻繁,因而隧道照明優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)顯得更為重要。 本文依據(jù)國家關(guān)于隧道照明的需求的相關(guān)規(guī)范,結(jié)合環(huán)境亮度、車速和交通量是隧道照明亮度的決定要素,以及復(fù)旦大學(xué)電光源研究所提出的中間視覺和重慶交科所提出的等效亮度等照明理論,利用新型LED燈具具有無級(jí)調(diào)光的特點(diǎn),通過視頻車檢器來檢測(cè)車輛的存在、車速和交通量,光照度傳感器檢測(cè)隧道洞內(nèi)外環(huán)境亮度,采用PLC為控制單元,設(shè)計(jì)了一種“有車燈亮、無車燈暗”,同時(shí)亮燈時(shí)根據(jù)隧道洞口的環(huán)境亮度自適應(yīng)無級(jí)調(diào)整洞內(nèi)燈亮度的新型隧道照明方案,成功應(yīng)用于黃塔桃高速公路的管鋪街1號(hào)隧道。 本文主要工作與研究?jī)?nèi)容為：1)采用光照度傳感器獲取環(huán)境光的照度,經(jīng)過實(shí)驗(yàn)室和隧道現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的多次實(shí)驗(yàn),實(shí)現(xiàn)了LED燈具0-5V的模擬電壓控制信號(hào)與燈具光通亮的線性匹配。其中LED燈單個(gè)顆粒的光效,燈具恒流源的穩(wěn)定,以及兩者性能的一致性是調(diào)控?zé)艟邔?shí)現(xiàn)的關(guān)鍵；2)通過視頻車檢器與隧道原有的其他微波或線圈檢測(cè)器配合使用,提高了惡劣天氣和傍晚時(shí)的檢測(cè)準(zhǔn)確率；3)采用PLC控制器作為整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的核心控制單元,實(shí)現(xiàn)了有車來時(shí)根據(jù)環(huán)境亮度、車速、交通量的變化,隧道洞內(nèi)的照度也能夠?qū)崟r(shí)跟隨變化的效果。實(shí)時(shí)變化的照度符合當(dāng)時(shí)車輛的安全照度要求,無車時(shí)洞內(nèi)照度維持在最低基本照度的要求。與原高壓鈉燈照明相比節(jié)能50%。 本文所設(shè)計(jì)的智能隧道照明系統(tǒng)優(yōu)化了設(shè)備配置、節(jié)約了照明費(fèi)用。本系統(tǒng)通過適當(dāng)?shù)能嚈z器位置調(diào)整,也適用于其他照明燈具。隨著LED燈具無線調(diào)控技術(shù)的發(fā)展,建設(shè)成本和調(diào)控的性能將進(jìn)一步提高,因而具有廣闊的推廣前景。
[Abstract]:The speed of highway is fast, the traffic volume is large, the lighting standard of highway tunnel is high, and the power of tunnel lighting is large. High brightness and long time lighting will lead to more damage and frequent replacement of lamps, so it is more important to optimize the lighting design of tunnel. In this paper, according to the relevant national regulations on tunnel lighting requirements, combined with environmental brightness, speed and traffic volume are the determining factors of tunnel lighting luminance. And the lighting theory of intermediate vision proposed by the Institute of Electric Light Source of Fudan University and equivalent brightness and other theories put forward by Chongqing Jiaotong University. The new LED lamps have the characteristics of stepless dimming, and the existence of vehicles is detected by video vehicle detector. The vehicle speed, traffic volume and light intensity sensor are used to detect the environmental brightness inside and outside the tunnel. The PLC is used as the control unit to design a kind of "there is a car light on, no car light is dark". At the same time, a new tunnel lighting scheme, which adaptively adjusts the light intensity in the tunnel according to the environmental brightness of the tunnel entrance, is successfully applied to the No. 1 Guanpu Street Tunnel of Huangtadao Expressway. The main work and research contents of this paper are as follows: 1) the illumination of ambient light is obtained by using light intensity sensor, and many experiments are carried out in laboratory and tunnel field. The linear matching between the analog voltage control signal of LED lamp and the luminaire brightness is realized. Among them, the light efficiency of single particle of LED lamp, the stability of lamp constant current source, and the consistency of their performance are the key to realize the regulation and control of lamps and lanterns. 2) the video vehicle detector is combined with other microwave or coil detectors in the tunnel to improve the detection accuracy in bad weather and in the evening; 3) the PLC controller is adopted as the core control unit of the whole system, and the effect of following the change of illumination in tunnel can be realized according to the change of environment brightness, speed and traffic volume when there is a vehicle coming. The change of illumination in real time accords with the requirement of the safety illumination of the vehicle at that time, and the illumination in the tunnel is kept at the minimum basic illumination when there is no vehicle. Compared with the original high pressure sodium lamp lighting energy saving 50. The intelligent tunnel lighting system designed in this paper optimizes the equipment configuration and saves the lighting cost. This system is suitable for other lighting lamps by adjusting the position of vehicle detector. With the development of wireless control technology of LED lamps, construction cost and regulation performance will be further improved, so it has a broad prospect of promotion.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：U453.7;TM923.34

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本文編號(hào)：2418913