【摘要】：港口是城市社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的重要引擎,也是城市空間結(jié)構(gòu)塑造的重要力量。我國(guó)是世界港口大國(guó),港口貨物吞吐量位居全球之首。受全球化影響,港口規(guī)模急劇擴(kuò)張,港口空間結(jié)構(gòu)與用地布局面臨著轉(zhuǎn)型發(fā)展的機(jī)遇和挑戰(zhàn)。要實(shí)現(xiàn)港口大國(guó)向港口強(qiáng)國(guó)的轉(zhuǎn)型,推動(dòng)港口城市社會(huì)、經(jīng)濟(jì)、環(huán)境的全面發(fā)展,有必要加強(qiáng)港口空間組織與布局規(guī)律的研究,以提高港口運(yùn)營(yíng)效率,優(yōu)化港口土地利用。論文采用“格局-過程-機(jī)制-優(yōu)化”分析方法,對(duì)港口的空間形態(tài)、演化過程、形成機(jī)制以及優(yōu)化控制展開研究。通過文獻(xiàn)研究,對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外港口研究歷程進(jìn)行梳理與回顧,指出全球化是港口體系重組和結(jié)構(gòu)性調(diào)整的重要力量。未來(lái)應(yīng)加強(qiáng)區(qū)域化對(duì)港口體系與港口物流網(wǎng)絡(luò)整合作用的研究,加強(qiáng)綠色技術(shù)和信息技術(shù)在港口中的應(yīng)用研究,并亟待開展港口空間結(jié)構(gòu)與用地布局研究。同時(shí)圍繞港口的空間屬性開展圖解評(píng)述,指出現(xiàn)有研究成果港口體系模型多于港口單體模型,有必要深入港口內(nèi)部,對(duì)港口空間組織與布局規(guī)律進(jìn)行研究,以完善港口用地優(yōu)化的空間模型方法。通過國(guó)內(nèi)外7大著名港口案例剖析,對(duì)港口空間格局與用地布局特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行總結(jié),指出港口空間結(jié)構(gòu)為主輔結(jié)構(gòu),碼頭岸線是港口空間組織的重要要素,常見的港口形態(tài)有:帶形結(jié)構(gòu)、組團(tuán)結(jié)構(gòu)以及“T”形+組團(tuán)混合結(jié)構(gòu)3種。港口用地隨港口代際功能的演化而演化,用地類型趨于多元,結(jié)構(gòu)比例接近城市用地構(gòu)成,港城一體化趨勢(shì)明顯。港口空間演化的主要驅(qū)動(dòng)因素有:自然地理因素、技術(shù)進(jìn)步因素、產(chǎn)業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)因素、城市發(fā)展因素和運(yùn)營(yíng)管理因素,其中后3者規(guī)劃可控,是優(yōu)化控制的切入點(diǎn)。論文認(rèn)為港口區(qū)域化、柔性化、生態(tài)化是未來(lái)發(fā)展的主導(dǎo)方向,港口區(qū)域化理論、第四代港口理論、港口產(chǎn)業(yè)集群理論、港城一體化理論是指導(dǎo)未來(lái)港口發(fā)展的4大基本理論,分別影響著港口物質(zhì)儲(chǔ)運(yùn)物流系統(tǒng)、港城產(chǎn)業(yè)系統(tǒng)和集疏運(yùn)交通系統(tǒng)的布局,并推動(dòng)著港口朝著網(wǎng)絡(luò)化、垂直化以及集約化方向發(fā)展。未來(lái)天津港要重視無(wú)水港對(duì)港口空間和用地的重構(gòu)作用,加強(qiáng)港城一體化建設(shè)。
[Abstract]:Port is not only an important engine of social and economic development, but also an important force in shaping urban spatial structure. China is a major port country in the world, and port cargo throughput ranks first in the world. Under the influence of globalization, the port scale expands rapidly, and the port spatial structure and land use layout are facing the opportunities and challenges of transformation and development. In order to realize the transformation from a big port country to a powerful port country, and to promote the overall development of the society, economy and environment of the port city, it is necessary to strengthen the research on the law of the organization and layout of port space in order to improve the efficiency of port operation and optimize the utilization of port land. In this paper, the pattern-process-mechanism-optimization method is used to study the spatial form, evolution process, formation mechanism and optimal control of the port. Through literature research, this paper reviews the history of port research at home and abroad, and points out that globalization is an important force in the reorganization and structural adjustment of port system. In the future, we should strengthen the research on the integration of port system and port logistics network by regionalization, strengthen the application of green technology and information technology in port, and urgently carry out the research on port spatial structure and land use layout. At the same time, a graphic review is carried out around the spatial attributes of the port. It is pointed out that the existing research achievements are more than the single model of the port system, so it is necessary to go deep into the port interior and study the law of the organization and layout of the port space. In order to perfect the spatial model method of port land use optimization. Based on the analysis of seven famous port cases at home and abroad, this paper summarizes the spatial pattern of port and the characteristics of land use layout, and points out that the port spatial structure is the main and auxiliary structure, and the wharf shoreline is an important element of the port spatial organization. There are three kinds of port structure: belt structure, group structure and "T"-shaped mixed structure. The port land evolves with the evolution of the intergenerational function of the port, the types of land use tend to be diversified, the proportion of structure is close to the composition of urban land, and the trend of integration of port and city is obvious. The main driving factors of port spatial evolution are: natural geographical factors, technological progress factors, industrial economic factors, urban development factors and operational management factors. The paper holds that port regionalization, flexibility and ecology are the leading directions of future development. The theory of port regionalization, the fourth generation port theory, the theory of port industry cluster and the theory of port and city integration are the four basic theories to guide the future port development. It affects the distribution of material storage and transportation logistics system, industrial system and traffic system, and promotes the development of port towards network, vertical and intensive. In the future, Tianjin Port should pay attention to the reconstruction of port space and land without water, and strengthen the integrated construction of port and city.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：U651
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本文編號(hào)：2413062