【摘要】：要緩解失衡的交通供需體系，應有機結(jié)合現(xiàn)代信息技術(shù)與管理技術(shù)，建立卓有成效的智能交通系統(tǒng)。最優(yōu)路徑選擇技術(shù)是車輛定位與導航系統(tǒng)的基本功能之一，也是智能交通系統(tǒng)的重要組成部分。研究合理的出行路徑選擇模型和求解算法，可以節(jié)約出行成本、使出行者更為舒心、減少交通事故、提高交通效率，具有重要的理論價值與廣闊的現(xiàn)實意義。 因此，本文綜合考慮路徑客觀屬性和出行者主觀偏好，分別按照確定數(shù)和模糊數(shù)兩種屬性度量方法，對多個屬性影響下的最優(yōu)路徑選擇問題進行了分析與研究，分別設計了最優(yōu)路徑選擇模型，給出了相應的求解算法，通過具體算例說明了模型和算法的正確性和有效性。具體內(nèi)容包括： （1）針對交通網(wǎng)絡路徑選擇過程中存在的一些問題，如屬性的主觀權(quán)重不能更好的反映路徑的客觀信息并承載了較多的主觀隨意性，客觀權(quán)重對駕駛員的主觀偏好兼顧不夠等，給出了結(jié)合出行者主觀偏好的多屬性組合權(quán)重的定義和計算公式，，并有效利用了路徑的客觀信息，設計了基于組合權(quán)重決策的最優(yōu)路徑選擇算法�；谛畔㈧乩碚�，以旅行時間、費用、里程等屬性為評價指標，根據(jù)計算得到的各路徑的綜合屬性值，對可能的路徑方案進行排序，從而得到最優(yōu)路徑。利用算例說明了算法的正確性和合理性。 （2）對路徑的屬性值為模糊區(qū)間數(shù)的路徑選擇問題進行了研究�？紤]交通網(wǎng)絡的隨機性和不確定性，利用模糊區(qū)間數(shù)對路徑屬性進行度量，構(gòu)造了基于區(qū)間數(shù)的模糊決策矩陣，利用模糊互補判斷矩陣排序中轉(zhuǎn)法對其進行排序，得到了路徑的優(yōu)劣次序，從而選擇出較優(yōu)出行路徑。 （3）考慮路徑的屬性值在某個范圍內(nèi)變化時的路徑選擇。由于區(qū)間型模糊數(shù)存在大小理想點，當各屬性的取值范圍無法確定的時候，決策者可用區(qū)間數(shù)的理想點對其進行代替�；诖�，建立了路徑屬性逼近于理想點的最優(yōu)路徑選擇模型和求解算法，根據(jù)路徑與理想點的逼近程度對方案進行排序擇優(yōu)，求解得到最優(yōu)路徑。 （4）兼顧駕駛員的主觀偏好和路徑的客觀信息，對于完全模糊數(shù)基礎(chǔ)下的路徑選擇問題，建立了駕駛員主觀偏好值與路徑的客觀屬性值總偏差最小的優(yōu)化模型。利用拉格朗日乘數(shù)法求解該模型，得到路徑屬性的權(quán)重向量，在求出綜合屬性值后對路徑進行排序，從而得到最優(yōu)路徑。
[Abstract]:In order to alleviate the imbalance of transportation supply and demand system, it is necessary to combine modern information technology and management technology to establish an effective intelligent transportation system. Optimal path selection is one of the basic functions of vehicle positioning and navigation system, and it is also an important part of intelligent transportation system. It is of great theoretical value and wide practical significance to study a reasonable travel path selection model and algorithm, which can save travel cost, make travelers more comfortable, reduce traffic accidents and improve traffic efficiency. Therefore, considering the objective attribute of the path and the subjective preference of the traveler, this paper analyzes and studies the optimal path selection problem under the influence of multiple attributes according to the two attribute measurement methods of determinate number and fuzzy number, respectively. The optimal path selection model is designed, and the corresponding algorithm is given. The correctness and validity of the model and algorithm are illustrated by an example. The specific contents include: (1) aiming at some problems existing in the course of route selection in traffic network, such as the subjective weight of attribute can not reflect the objective information of the path better and carry more subjective arbitrariness. The objective weight does not give enough consideration to the subjective preference of the driver. The definition and calculation formula of the combined weight of multiple attributes combined with the subjective preference of the traveler are given, and the objective information of the path is used effectively. An optimal path selection algorithm based on combined weight decision is designed. Based on the information entropy theory and taking the travel time, cost, mileage and other attributes as the evaluation indexes, the possible path schemes are sorted according to the comprehensive attribute values of the calculated paths, and the optimal path is obtained. An example is given to illustrate the correctness and rationality of the algorithm. (2) the problem of path selection with fuzzy interval number is studied. Considering the randomness and uncertainty of traffic network, the fuzzy decision matrix based on interval number is constructed by using fuzzy interval number to measure the path attribute. The good and bad order of the path is obtained, and the better travel path is selected. (3) considering the path selection when the property value of the path changes in a certain range. Because of the existence of the size ideal point of the interval fuzzy number, the decision maker can replace it with the ideal point of the interval number when the value range of each attribute can not be determined. Based on this, the optimal path selection model and algorithm for path attribute approaching to ideal point are established. According to the degree of approximation between path and ideal point, the scheme is sorted and optimized, and the optimal path is obtained. (4) considering the subjective preference of the driver and the objective information of the path, the optimal model of the total deviation between the subjective preference value and the objective attribute value of the driver is established for the path selection problem based on the complete fuzzy number. The Lagrange multiplier method is used to solve the model and the weight vector of the path attribute is obtained. The path is sorted after the comprehensive attribute value is calculated and the optimal path is obtained.
【學位授予單位】：蘭州交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U491

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