【摘要】：本文設(shè)計(jì)了一款基于GPS和GPRS的城市公交智能終端系統(tǒng),用于實(shí)現(xiàn)公交車(chē)輛實(shí)時(shí)定位跟蹤、自動(dòng)語(yǔ)音報(bào)站、無(wú)線(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)通訊、遠(yuǎn)程配置、客流量統(tǒng)計(jì)、車(chē)輛安全報(bào)警以及信息實(shí)時(shí)顯示等功能。 通過(guò)對(duì)常用的51系列芯片和華邦公司的W77E058芯片進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的對(duì)比和分析,本文選擇指令運(yùn)算速率更快,片上資源更加豐富,并且具有兩個(gè)全雙工串口的W77E058作為系統(tǒng)的主控芯片,完成對(duì)車(chē)輛GPS定位信息的采集與解析以及執(zhí)行與后臺(tái)調(diào)度中心的數(shù)據(jù)通信功能；采用了U-BLOX公司的NEO-5Q芯片作為系統(tǒng)的GPS模塊,實(shí)現(xiàn)車(chē)輛的定位信息采集,并通過(guò)設(shè)計(jì)相關(guān)軟件完成對(duì)GPS信息的解析；通過(guò)對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)車(chē)載終端控制系統(tǒng)與后臺(tái)調(diào)度中心的通訊方式進(jìn)行廣泛的調(diào)研,最終選用當(dāng)今技術(shù)成熟、應(yīng)用范圍廣闊的GPRS無(wú)線(xiàn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)實(shí)現(xiàn)終端系統(tǒng)與調(diào)度中心的無(wú)線(xiàn)通訊,系統(tǒng)采用SIMCOM公司的SIM900模塊作為GPRS通訊模塊,通過(guò)AT指令實(shí)現(xiàn)終端系統(tǒng)的入網(wǎng)配置以及數(shù)據(jù)傳輸,并設(shè)計(jì)了數(shù)據(jù)通信協(xié)議,實(shí)現(xiàn)了終端系統(tǒng)與調(diào)度中心的全雙工數(shù)據(jù)通訊以及文件的透明傳輸；提出了一種基于“地理門(mén)檻”的站點(diǎn)識(shí)別算法,介紹了地理門(mén)檻算法對(duì)站點(diǎn)的識(shí)別原理,并給出了該算法的實(shí)現(xiàn)過(guò)程,最后通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)測(cè)試,證明了該算法可以有效地解決傳統(tǒng)站點(diǎn)識(shí)別算法在站點(diǎn)識(shí)別域存在相互影響的條件下對(duì)站點(diǎn)識(shí)別存在錯(cuò)報(bào)漏報(bào)的情況；采用TTS語(yǔ)音合成技術(shù),使得自動(dòng)報(bào)站語(yǔ)音更加流暢自然。 除了上述功能,本文還對(duì)客流量統(tǒng)計(jì)模塊、液晶顯示模塊、手動(dòng)按鍵模塊、數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)模塊進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì),給出了各模塊詳細(xì)的軟硬件設(shè)計(jì)方案。最后通過(guò)對(duì)各個(gè)子模塊以及整個(gè)系統(tǒng)在實(shí)驗(yàn)室進(jìn)行聯(lián)合測(cè)試。從測(cè)試的結(jié)果可以得出,終端系統(tǒng)達(dá)到了最初的設(shè)計(jì)要求。
[Abstract]:This paper designs an intelligent terminal system of urban public transportation based on GPS and GPRS, which is used to realize real-time location and tracking of public transport vehicles, automatic voice reporting station, wireless data communication, remote configuration, passenger flow statistics, etc. Vehicle safety alarm and information real-time display and other functions. Through the detailed comparison and analysis of 51 series chips and W77E058 chips of Huabang Company, this paper chooses the W77E058 with two full-duplex serial ports as the main control chip of the system, which is faster in operation speed, more abundant in the on-chip resources, and has two full-duplex serial ports. Complete the acquisition and analysis of vehicle GPS positioning information and the implementation of the data communication function with the background dispatching center; The NEO-5Q chip of U-BLOX Company is used as the GPS module of the system to realize the vehicle positioning information collection, and the analysis of the GPS information is completed by designing the related software. Through the extensive investigation of the communication mode between the domestic vehicle terminal control system and the background dispatching center, the wireless communication between the terminal system and the dispatching center is realized by the GPRS wireless network, which has mature technology and wide application scope. The system adopts the SIM900 module of SIMCOM Company as the GPRS communication module, realizes the terminal system configuration and data transmission through AT instruction, and designs the data communication protocol. The full duplex data communication between the terminal system and the dispatching center and the transparent transmission of files are realized. In this paper, a site recognition algorithm based on geographical threshold is proposed, and the principle of site recognition based on geographical threshold algorithm is introduced, and the realization process of the algorithm is given. Finally, the algorithm is tested by experiments. It is proved that this algorithm can effectively solve the problem of misreporting and underreporting of the traditional site identification algorithm under the condition of the mutual influence of the site identification domain. Adopt TTS speech synthesis technology, make automatic report station voice more smooth and natural. In addition to the above functions, this paper also gives a detailed design of the passenger flow statistics module, liquid crystal display module, manual keystroke module, data storage module, and gives the detailed hardware and software design scheme of each module. Finally, each sub-module and the whole system are tested in the laboratory. From the test results, it can be concluded that the terminal system meets the initial design requirements.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北林業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：U495;U491.17

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