【摘要】：伴隨著我國社會經濟和交通事業(yè)全面發(fā)展，為了緩解日益擁堵的交通狀況，在我國的交通工程建設中出現(xiàn)了越來越多的大斷面公路隧道，而這些大斷面隧道中較多都處于淺埋與偏壓的不良地質環(huán)境下。因此，研究在淺埋偏壓的地質條件下，大斷面隧道的開挖和支護過程中圍巖以及支護結構的施工力學行為，并對淺埋和偏壓的情況單獨進行探討，對淺埋大斷面偏壓隧道的設計和施工都有重要的意義。 本文以貴陽花果園松花路大斷面隧道為工程背景，主要采用單側壁導坑法的施工方法，通過理論分析和數(shù)值模擬，主要內容與研究成果如下： ①建立大斷面公路隧道的彈塑數(shù)值模型，對松花路隧道的單側壁導坑法施工過程進行模擬計算，對淺埋大斷面偏壓隧道的施工力學行為進行分析。此施工方法情況下主要在左上側后行導坑開挖這一階段的位移值最大，隧道拱頂沉降最大值偏向于隧道埋深較深一側，左上導坑開挖是施工的最薄弱環(huán)節(jié)。 ②隧道拱底隆起回彈最大值偏向于埋深較淺一側；隧道頂部出現(xiàn)了拉應力，埋深較深一側拱腳與埋深較淺一側隧道起拱線部位產生了不同程度壓應力集中；隧道埋深較深一側圍巖的壓力釋放明顯比埋深淺側大，，而且應力集中現(xiàn)象也要嚴重一些；初期支護噴射混凝土軸力在先開挖側基本都大于后開挖側，可對支護結構進行合理偏壓設計。 ③通過對淺埋大斷面偏壓隧道單側壁導坑法施工下先開挖淺埋側和先開挖深埋側兩種工況的模擬計算進行對比分析，得出在特定淺埋偏壓條件下大斷面隧道先開挖淺埋一側對隧道的圍巖穩(wěn)定性和支護結構受力更為有利。 ④以松花路隧道為原型，建立在埋置深度變化和地面坡度變化時的數(shù)值模型，計算與分析隧道的施工力學行為和變化特征，同時對比其對圍巖和支護結構的影響。得出了當埋置深度逐漸變大時，隧道周邊圍巖壓力整體逐漸變大的，而整體上的偏壓效應將減小。當?shù)孛嫫露戎饾u變大時，隧道埋置深度較深一側的圍巖壓力增大較明顯，偏壓效應也更加明顯的結論。
[Abstract]:With the overall development of our country's social economy and transportation, in order to alleviate the increasingly congested traffic situation, more and more large-section highway tunnels appear in the construction of traffic engineering in our country. However, most of these large-section tunnels are in the poor geological environment of shallow burying and bias. Therefore, under the geological condition of shallow buried bias, the mechanical behavior of surrounding rock and supporting structure during excavation and support of large section tunnel is studied, and the situation of shallow burial and partial pressure is discussed separately. It is of great significance for the design and construction of shallow large section bias tunnel. Based on the large section tunnel of Songhua Road in Guiyang flower orchard, this paper mainly adopts the construction method of single side wall guide pit, through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. The main contents and research results are as follows: 1 the elastic-plastic numerical model of large-section highway tunnel is established. The construction mechanics behavior of shallow-buried large-section bias-pressure tunnel is analyzed. In this construction method, the displacement value is the largest in the stage of excavation of the tunnel, the maximum settlement of the tunnel arch is inclined to the deeper side of the tunnel, and the excavation of the left top guide pit is the weakest link in the construction. (2) the maximum springback of the arch bottom of the tunnel is inclined to the shallow side of the tunnel, the tensile stress appears at the top of the tunnel, and the stress concentration of the arch foot in the deeper side of the tunnel and the arch line in the tunnel on the shallow side of the buried depth are different degrees. The pressure release of the surrounding rock in the deep side of the tunnel is obviously larger than that in the shallow side of the tunnel, and the phenomenon of stress concentration is more serious. The axial force of primary shotcrete is larger than that of excavated side at first, so it can be used to design the support structure under reasonable bias pressure. (3) through the comparison and analysis of the simulation calculation of the shallow buried side and the deep burying side under the construction of the single side wall guide pit method of the shallow large section bias pressure tunnel, the simulation calculation of the shallow buried side and the deep buried side before excavation are compared and analyzed. It is concluded that the first excavation of the shallow side of the large-section tunnel is more favorable to the stability of the surrounding rock and the force of the supporting structure under the condition of specific shallow burying bias pressure. (4) taking Songhua Road Tunnel as the prototype, the numerical model is established when the buried depth changes and the surface slope changes. The construction mechanical behavior and variation characteristics of the tunnel are calculated and analyzed. At the same time, the influence of the tunnel on the surrounding rock and the supporting structure is compared. It is concluded that when the buried depth increases gradually, the surrounding rock pressure increases gradually, and the bias effect decreases. When the slope of the tunnel increases gradually, the surrounding rock pressure of the deep side of the tunnel increases more obviously, and the effect of bias pressure is more obvious.
【學位授予單位】：重慶交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U455.4

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