【摘要】：由于國民經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展和人口的高度集中化,為緩解或從根本上解決人口增長對城市環(huán)境的壓力,修建各種城市隧道在世界各國中呈現(xiàn)處急劇增長的趨勢,但是城市隧道施工過程中的安全問題和環(huán)境污染也越來越突出。城市隧道處于特殊的位置,其結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計和施工方法的考慮與一般山區(qū)或一般軟土隧道有著一定的區(qū)別,并且復(fù)雜地質(zhì)條件下城市隧道建設(shè)中爆破震動對周圍建筑物的影響、突涌水的綜合治理及整個施工過程管理控制等諸多問題尚未完善。 基于國內(nèi)外城市隧道施工方面關(guān)于風(fēng)險因素識別、評估及控制的經(jīng)驗與研究成果,重點關(guān)注城市隧道爆破震動和隧道突涌水災(zāi)害的風(fēng)險管控,通過技術(shù)進(jìn)步對風(fēng)險進(jìn)行規(guī)避。以城市隧道面臨的主要安全技術(shù)風(fēng)險為研究對象,進(jìn)行了城市隧道施工風(fēng)險的識別、評估及災(zāi)害控制的分析研究,重點研究了城市隧道爆破震動和突涌水的控制技術(shù)和風(fēng)險管理,主要結(jié)論如下： (1)研究了復(fù)雜地質(zhì)條件下軌道交通隧道施工遭遇的主要風(fēng)險因素,提出了隧道施工風(fēng)險辨識方法,建立了其指標(biāo)體系并劃分了風(fēng)險等級,并提出了相應(yīng)的風(fēng)險接受準(zhǔn)則； (2)研究了城市隧道水害風(fēng)險評估及治理技術(shù),為規(guī)避水害導(dǎo)致水資源枯竭、隧道安全事故等風(fēng)險,建立了動水動態(tài)信息化注漿體系及無止?jié){墻深孔注漿治理關(guān)鍵技術(shù),并綜合各類管理評價方法對注漿超前帷幕進(jìn)行了效果評價,研究成果在重慶軌道中梁山隧道進(jìn)行了全面應(yīng)用,取得了良好的效果； (3)基于城市隧道施工的主要開挖方法,形成了爆破震動風(fēng)險識別體系,研發(fā)了大直徑螺旋掏槽爆破技術(shù)、空氣彈簧減震爆破技術(shù)及淺埋隧道的減震爆破技術(shù),并在相關(guān)城市隧道進(jìn)行了應(yīng)用,成功規(guī)避了爆破震動帶來的風(fēng)險,對類似工程具有借鑒意義； (4)集成上述研究成果構(gòu)建了以設(shè)計施工優(yōu)化為先導(dǎo)、工程災(zāi)害防治措施為基礎(chǔ)、安全管理系統(tǒng)與現(xiàn)場監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)管理系統(tǒng)為平臺、現(xiàn)場監(jiān)測信息反饋為判據(jù)的復(fù)雜地質(zhì)條件下隧道施工安全保障體系。
[Abstract]:Due to the rapid development of national economy and the high concentration of population, in order to alleviate or fundamentally solve the pressure of population growth on the urban environment, the construction of various urban tunnels in the world presents a trend of rapid growth. However, safety problems and environmental pollution in the construction of urban tunnels are becoming more and more prominent. Urban tunnel is in a special position, its structural design and construction methods are different from those in general mountain area or soft soil tunnel, and the influence of blasting vibration on the surrounding buildings in the construction of urban tunnel under complex geological conditions. Many problems such as comprehensive treatment of sudden water inflow and management control of the whole construction process have not been perfected. Based on the experience and research results of risk factors identification, evaluation and control in urban tunnel construction at home and abroad, this paper focuses on the risk control of blasting vibration and water inrush in urban tunnel, and avoids the risk through technological progress. Taking the main safety technical risk of urban tunnel as the research object, the paper analyzes and studies the risk identification, evaluation and disaster control of urban tunnel construction. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the main risk factors of tunnel construction under complex geological conditions are studied. The paper puts forward the identification method of tunnel construction risk, establishes its index system and classifies the risk grade, and puts forward the corresponding risk acceptance criterion. (2) in order to avoid the risk of water resource depletion and tunnel safety accident caused by water disaster, the risk assessment and treatment technology of urban tunnel water hazard are studied. The dynamic information grouting system and the key technology of grouting treatment for deep hole grouting of non-stop grouting wall are established, and the effect of grouting advance curtain is evaluated by synthesizing all kinds of management and evaluation methods. The research results have been fully applied in Chongqing Railway Liangshan Tunnel, and good results have been obtained. (3) based on the main excavation methods of urban tunnel construction, the risk identification system of blasting vibration is formed, and the large diameter spiral cut blasting technology, air spring shock absorption blasting technology and shallow buried tunnel shock absorption blasting technology are developed. It has been applied in the relevant urban tunnels, which has successfully avoided the risk of blasting vibration, and has reference significance for similar projects. (4) integrating the above research results, the platform of safety management system and field monitoring data management system is constructed based on design and construction optimization, engineering disaster prevention and control measures. The safety guarantee system of tunnel construction under complex geological conditions based on feedback of field monitoring information.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U455

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