【摘要】：斜拉橋是由三種基本承載構(gòu)件共同承載的組合體系橋,包括梁(橋面)、塔和兩端分別錨固在梁和塔上的斜拉索,由于受力性能良好、結(jié)構(gòu)造型多樣、抗震能力強(qiáng)以及施工方法成熟等優(yōu)點(diǎn),而成為現(xiàn)代大跨度橋梁工程中發(fā)展最快、應(yīng)用最廣泛、最具有競爭力的橋型之一。但由于斜拉橋斜拉索的質(zhì)量較輕,剛度和阻尼較小,并且長細(xì)比隨著斜拉橋跨度的增大而增大,導(dǎo)致其振動的影響逐漸明顯,橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)的安全性受到了危害。其中風(fēng)雨激振和干索馳振與傳統(tǒng)的振動類型相比,振幅大、破壞性強(qiáng),所以非常需要深入研究。本文為了從雷諾數(shù)效應(yīng)的角度分析斜拉索干索馳振發(fā)生的機(jī)理,利用光滑的斜拉索模型和不同表面粗糙度的斜拉索模型改變雷諾數(shù)效應(yīng)的大小和臨界雷諾數(shù)的區(qū)域,在風(fēng)洞中進(jìn)行了剛性模型測振試驗(yàn)。首先,從整體上介紹了斜拉橋斜拉索風(fēng)致振動的主要類型和研究背景,并對斜拉索在風(fēng)場中的流動狀態(tài)抽象為的圓柱體的二維繞流這一經(jīng)典問題進(jìn)行了總結(jié)。其次,通過流體的相似和模型制作方面論述了斜拉索測振風(fēng)洞試驗(yàn)的可靠性,介紹了如何定量描述表面粗糙度,還詳細(xì)記錄了模型制作、模型安裝、試驗(yàn)過程中所使用到的試驗(yàn)設(shè)備以及試驗(yàn)內(nèi)容和各個工況的控制雷諾數(shù)及其步長等試驗(yàn)過程。最后,對光滑斜拉索模型和不同表面粗糙度斜拉索模型的試驗(yàn)結(jié)果加以分析,得到了斜拉索模型振動的振幅和平衡位置隨雷諾數(shù)的變化規(guī)律。并以雷諾數(shù)效應(yīng)的角度分析干索馳振發(fā)生的機(jī)理,在臨界雷諾數(shù)區(qū)域,流場的流動特性和升力系數(shù)的改變可能是致使斜拉索大幅振動的原因。
[Abstract]:Cable-stayed bridge is a composite system bridge with three basic load-bearing components, including beam (deck), tower and cable anchoring on the beam and tower respectively. Because of its good mechanical performance, the cable-stayed bridge has a variety of structural shapes. With the advantages of strong seismic capacity and mature construction methods, it has become one of the fastest developing, most widely used and most competitive bridges in modern long-span bridge engineering. However, the cable mass of cable-stayed bridge is lighter, the stiffness and damping are smaller, and the aspect ratio increases with the increase of the span of the cable-stayed bridge, which leads to the effect of vibration becomes more and more obvious, and the safety of the bridge structure is jeopardized. Compared with the traditional vibration type, the wind-induced vibration and the dry cable vibration are of large amplitude and strong destructive, so it is very necessary to study deeply. In order to analyze the mechanism of cable-stayed cable galloping from the point of view of Reynolds number effect, the smooth cable model and the cable model with different surface roughness are used to change the range of Reynolds number effect and critical Reynolds number. A rigid model vibration measurement test was carried out in a wind tunnel. Firstly, the main types and research background of wind-induced vibration of cable in cable-stayed bridge are introduced, and the classical problem of two-dimensional flow around a cylinder abstracted by the flow state of stay cable in wind field is summarized. Secondly, the reliability of cable-stayed cable vibration measurement wind tunnel test is discussed in terms of fluid similarity and model making, and how to quantitatively describe the surface roughness is introduced, and the model making and installation are recorded in detail. The test equipment used in the test process, the test content, the control Reynolds number and the step size of each working condition, and so on. Finally, the experimental results of smooth cable model and cable model with different surface roughness are analyzed, and the variation of vibration amplitude and equilibrium position of cable model with Reynolds number is obtained. In the critical Reynolds number region, the change of flow characteristics and lift coefficient may be the cause of cable vibration.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：石家莊鐵道大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：U448.27

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本文編號：2300475