基于TransCAD的城市公共交通網絡可達性研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-09-18 06:42
【摘要】：隨著我國經濟社會的迅速發(fā)展，城鎮(zhèn)規(guī)�；�、人口集中化以及城市機動化進程加速，交通擁堵、尾氣污染等城市無序發(fā)展帶來的交通問題在大中城市集中爆發(fā)。傳統(tǒng)的以機動化出行為目標的交通發(fā)展思路已經不能解決日益嚴峻的城市交通問題，也無法滿足居民日益增長的出行需求。與此同時，優(yōu)先發(fā)展公共交通已經成為人們的共識，“公交都市”示范建設工程，在全國范圍得到推廣。在此背景下，研究公共交通網絡可達性，將有助于提升公共交通出行吸引力，緩解城市交通問題，滿足居民高效率和高可達的出行需求。 論文在分析國、內外可達性研究現狀，剖析城市公共交通網絡可達性影響因素，基于已有可達性評價模型的基礎上提出了城市公共交通網絡可達性概念。運用時空約束模型、拓撲度量法、累計機會模型等可達性研究方法，分別從宏觀、中觀及微觀層面研究公共交通網絡可達性，構建了城市公共交通網絡可達性評價指標體系，并建立了指標計算模型。論文建立的城市公共交通網絡可達性評價模型能全面、多層次的對城市公共交通網絡進行可達性評價，判斷可達性水平、發(fā)現存在的缺陷和不足。 利用TransCAD建立公共交通路線系統(tǒng)，設計和構建了包含空間地理數據庫和公共交通線路系統(tǒng)數據庫的城市公共交通網絡數據庫。根據系統(tǒng)特點，綜合考慮“換乘次數”和“出行距離最短”等因素，建立公共交通出行路徑廣義成本模型，，從而確定公共交通網絡最優(yōu)路徑判斷標準并且設計了公交最優(yōu)路徑計算算法。論文研究利用TransCAD軟件空間分析功能對城市公共交通網絡進行可達性分析，并且利用GISDK，對軟件進行功能拓展和二次開發(fā)。 最后以蘭州市公共交通網絡為例，對其空間特征進行分析，并且評價其可達性水平，針對蘭州市公共交通提出若干發(fā)展策略。研究結果表明基于TransCAD的城市公共交通網絡可達性評價理論能較好的應用于公共交通。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy and society in our country, the traffic problems caused by the disorderly development of cities, such as the scale of cities and towns, the population concentration and the motorization of cities, traffic congestion, exhaust pollution, etc., are erupting in large and medium-sized cities. The traditional train of thought of traffic development with motorized travel as the target can not solve the increasingly serious urban traffic problems nor meet the increasing travel demand of residents. At the same time, giving priority to the development of public transport has become a common understanding, "public transport city" demonstration construction project, has been popularized throughout the country. In this context, the study of the accessibility of public transport networks will help to enhance the public transport travel attraction, alleviate urban traffic problems, and meet the needs of residents with high efficiency and accessibility. In this paper, the concept of accessibility of urban public transport network is put forward based on the analysis of the current situation of the research on the accessibility of urban public transport networks and the analysis of the factors affecting the accessibility of urban public transport networks. Based on the existing reachability evaluation model, the paper puts forward the concept of accessibility of urban public transport networks. By using the methods of time-space constraint model, topological metric method and cumulative opportunity model, this paper studies the reachability of public transportation network from macro, meso and micro levels, and constructs the evaluation index system of urban public transportation network accessibility. The index calculation model is established. The urban public transport network accessibility evaluation model established in this paper can evaluate the accessibility of urban public transport network in a comprehensive and multi-level way, judge the accessibility level, and find out the defects and shortcomings. The public transportation network database including spatial geographic database and public transportation route system database is designed and constructed by using TransCAD. According to the characteristics of the system, the generalized cost model of public transportation travel path is established by considering the factors such as "transfer times" and "shortest travel distance". Thus, the standard of judging the optimal path of public transport network is determined and the algorithm for calculating the optimal path of public transportation is designed. This paper studies the accessibility analysis of urban public transportation network by using the spatial analysis function of TransCAD software, and extends the function and secondary development of the software by using GISDK,. Finally, taking the public transport network of Lanzhou as an example, this paper analyzes its spatial characteristics, evaluates its accessibility level, and puts forward some development strategies for public transport in Lanzhou. The results show that the theory of accessibility evaluation based on TransCAD can be applied to public transportation.
【學位授予單位】：蘭州交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U491.17
本文編號：2247095
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy and society in our country, the traffic problems caused by the disorderly development of cities, such as the scale of cities and towns, the population concentration and the motorization of cities, traffic congestion, exhaust pollution, etc., are erupting in large and medium-sized cities. The traditional train of thought of traffic development with motorized travel as the target can not solve the increasingly serious urban traffic problems nor meet the increasing travel demand of residents. At the same time, giving priority to the development of public transport has become a common understanding, "public transport city" demonstration construction project, has been popularized throughout the country. In this context, the study of the accessibility of public transport networks will help to enhance the public transport travel attraction, alleviate urban traffic problems, and meet the needs of residents with high efficiency and accessibility. In this paper, the concept of accessibility of urban public transport network is put forward based on the analysis of the current situation of the research on the accessibility of urban public transport networks and the analysis of the factors affecting the accessibility of urban public transport networks. Based on the existing reachability evaluation model, the paper puts forward the concept of accessibility of urban public transport networks. By using the methods of time-space constraint model, topological metric method and cumulative opportunity model, this paper studies the reachability of public transportation network from macro, meso and micro levels, and constructs the evaluation index system of urban public transportation network accessibility. The index calculation model is established. The urban public transport network accessibility evaluation model established in this paper can evaluate the accessibility of urban public transport network in a comprehensive and multi-level way, judge the accessibility level, and find out the defects and shortcomings. The public transportation network database including spatial geographic database and public transportation route system database is designed and constructed by using TransCAD. According to the characteristics of the system, the generalized cost model of public transportation travel path is established by considering the factors such as "transfer times" and "shortest travel distance". Thus, the standard of judging the optimal path of public transport network is determined and the algorithm for calculating the optimal path of public transportation is designed. This paper studies the accessibility analysis of urban public transportation network by using the spatial analysis function of TransCAD software, and extends the function and secondary development of the software by using GISDK,. Finally, taking the public transport network of Lanzhou as an example, this paper analyzes its spatial characteristics, evaluates its accessibility level, and puts forward some development strategies for public transport in Lanzhou. The results show that the theory of accessibility evaluation based on TransCAD can be applied to public transportation.
【學位授予單位】：蘭州交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U491.17
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