盾構(gòu)掘進(jìn)對砂卵石地層的擾動(dòng)機(jī)理研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-09-05 21:12
【摘要】：城市地鐵區(qū)間隧道采用盾構(gòu)法施工已發(fā)展成為趨勢,地鐵隧道所穿越地層的工程地質(zhì)條件成為影響盾構(gòu)隧道安全施工的關(guān)鍵因素。我國地域幅員遼闊,地質(zhì)條件錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜,盾構(gòu)隧道穿越特殊復(fù)雜地質(zhì)條件時(shí)將面臨許多亟待解決的技術(shù)難題。砂卵石地層是一種典型的力學(xué)不穩(wěn)定地層,顆粒之間無粘聚力,無水狀態(tài)下,卵石顆粒之間點(diǎn)對點(diǎn)傳力,在盾構(gòu)掘進(jìn)擾動(dòng)作用下,地層反應(yīng)靈敏,地層原有的相對穩(wěn)定或平衡狀態(tài)很容易受到破壞,形成地層損失和圍巖擾動(dòng)。后期在地下水、地面荷載等作用下,地層損失逐漸發(fā)展至地表,導(dǎo)致地面坍塌。論文以我國城市地鐵區(qū)間隧道在砂卵石地層中掘進(jìn)為工程背景,結(jié)合國家重點(diǎn)基礎(chǔ)研究發(fā)展計(jì)劃(973計(jì)劃)課題“復(fù)雜環(huán)境作用下地下結(jié)構(gòu)的長期安全性及其預(yù)測方法”和西南交通大學(xué)博士創(chuàng)新基金資助項(xiàng)目“盾構(gòu)掘進(jìn)對砂卵石地層的擾動(dòng)機(jī)理研究”開展研究。綜合采用理論分析、模型試驗(yàn)、數(shù)值模擬等研究方法,探討砂卵石地層中盾構(gòu)掘進(jìn)引起的地層擾動(dòng)機(jī)理,通過室內(nèi)掘進(jìn)試驗(yàn)和顆粒離散元軟件從宏觀和細(xì)觀層面上研究盾構(gòu)掘進(jìn)對砂卵石地層的擾動(dòng)特性,取得主要成果如下：1、分析了砂卵石地層中盾構(gòu)掘進(jìn)對地層的擾動(dòng)機(jī)理和滯后沉降的形成原因,建立了二維顆粒離散元分析模型,得到了盾構(gòu)掘進(jìn)對開挖面前面土體和洞周土體的擾動(dòng)性態(tài),在此基礎(chǔ)上提出了針對砂卵石地層盾構(gòu)掘進(jìn)引起的土體擾動(dòng)分區(qū)示意圖。從細(xì)觀層面上分析了滯后沉降的發(fā)展過程和影響因素,提出了減小滯后沉降形成的控制措施。2、研制了盾構(gòu)掘進(jìn)試驗(yàn)系統(tǒng),包括Φ800mm土壓平衡式盾構(gòu)機(jī)、盾構(gòu)始發(fā)裝置、管片襯砌結(jié)構(gòu)及其它附屬設(shè)備。結(jié)合室內(nèi)試驗(yàn),得到了試驗(yàn)砂卵石地層的物理力學(xué)參數(shù)、顆粒級配曲線、渣土改良和地層加固方案。結(jié)合砂卵石地層特性,建立了適用于砂卵石地層中盾構(gòu)掘進(jìn)參數(shù)的計(jì)算公式。3、采用Φ800mm土壓平衡式盾構(gòu)掘進(jìn)試驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)開展了盾構(gòu)穿越砂卵石地層的室內(nèi)掘進(jìn)試驗(yàn),從地層橫、縱斷面分析了盾構(gòu)在掘進(jìn)不同階段引起的地層擾動(dòng)特點(diǎn),得到了不同埋深地層的變形特點(diǎn)和擾動(dòng)范圍。分析了盾構(gòu)在實(shí)施渣土改良、地層加固等措施后的掘進(jìn)參數(shù)變化特點(diǎn)以及地層變形動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng),探討了盾構(gòu)在不同掘進(jìn)區(qū)段時(shí)掘進(jìn)參數(shù)之間的相互關(guān)系,對比分析了盾構(gòu)在穿越不同級配砂卵石地層時(shí)的重要掘進(jìn)參數(shù),建立了不同盾構(gòu)掘進(jìn)參數(shù)間的數(shù)學(xué)模型。4、采用顆粒離散元方法建立了包含土倉、盾構(gòu)刀盤、螺旋出土器以及掘進(jìn)土槽的土壓平衡式盾構(gòu)掘進(jìn)分析模型,對砂卵石地層中盾構(gòu)掘進(jìn)全過程進(jìn)行了模擬,從土體顆粒位移、接觸狀態(tài)和地層應(yīng)力狀態(tài)方面分析了盾構(gòu)掘進(jìn)對地層的擾動(dòng)范圍、沉降形態(tài)以及地層動(dòng)態(tài)移動(dòng)變化規(guī)律；建立了盾構(gòu)頂推速度、刀盤轉(zhuǎn)速、出土率等掘進(jìn)參數(shù)與地層擾動(dòng)的相互聯(lián)系。隨著國家進(jìn)一步開放城市地鐵建設(shè)的權(quán)限,越來越多的城市將會加入到地鐵建設(shè)的浪潮,地鐵盾構(gòu)隧道建設(shè)也將面臨更多、更復(fù)雜的技術(shù)挑戰(zhàn)。本論文研究成果可為研究盾構(gòu)隧道施工對地層的擾動(dòng)影響,尤其是類似砂卵石這種離散性地層,保障盾構(gòu)隧道的安全掘進(jìn)和減小盾構(gòu)掘進(jìn)對周圍環(huán)境的影響提供參考。
[Abstract]:Shield tunneling has become a trend in the construction of metro tunnels in urban areas, and the engineering geological conditions of metro tunnels passing through strata have become the key factors affecting the safe construction of shield tunnels. The sandy pebble stratum is a typical unstable stratum with no cohesion between the pebbles. In the absence of water, the pebble particles transfer force from point to point. Under the action of shield tunneling disturbance, the stratum reacts sensitively, and the original relative stability or equilibrium state of the stratum is easy to be destroyed, resulting in formation loss and surrounding rock disturbance. In this paper, the long-term safety of underground structures under complex environment and its prediction methods are studied under the background of tunneling in sandy gravel stratum of urban subway in China and the subject of National Key Basic Research and Development Program (973 Program). The research on the disturbance mechanism of shield tunneling in sandy gravel stratum is carried out by means of theoretical analysis, model test and numerical simulation. The disturbance mechanism caused by shield tunneling in sandy gravel stratum is discussed through laboratory tunneling test and particle discrete element software. The disturbance characteristics of shield tunneling on sandy gravel stratum are studied from macroscopic and microscopic aspects. The main results are as follows: 1. The disturbance mechanism of shield tunneling on sandy gravel stratum and the cause of hysteretic settlement are analyzed. A two-dimensional particle discrete element analysis model is established, and the soil mass and cave in front of excavation are obtained. Based on the perturbation behavior of surrounding soil, the zoning diagram of soil disturbance caused by shield tunneling in sandy gravel stratum is proposed. The development process and influencing factors of lag settlement are analyzed from the meso-level, and the control measures to reduce the formation of lag settlement are put forward. 2. The shield tunneling test system is developed, including 800mm earth pressure balance. Shield machine, shield starting device, segment lining structure and other ancillary equipment. Combining with laboratory tests, the physical and mechanical parameters, grain gradation curve, slag soil improvement and stratum reinforcement schemes of the test sandy gravel stratum are obtained. Laboratory tunneling test of shield tunneling through sandy gravel stratum was carried out with 800mm earth pressure balance shield tunneling test system. The characteristics of stratum disturbance caused by shield tunneling in different stages were analyzed from horizontal and vertical sections of stratum, and the deformation characteristics and disturbance range of stratum with different buried depth were obtained. Variation characteristics of tunneling parameters and dynamic response of stratum deformation after consolidation measures are discussed. The relationship between tunneling parameters of shield tunneling in different tunneling sections is discussed. The important tunneling parameters of shield tunneling in different graded sandy gravel stratum are compared and analyzed. The mathematical model of tunneling parameters of different shield tunneling is established. 4. The particle separation is adopted. The model of earth pressure balanced shield tunneling including soil bunker, shield cutter head, screw excavator and tunneling trench is established by using the scattered element method. The whole process of shield tunneling in sandy gravel stratum is simulated. The disturbance range and settlement form of shield tunneling to stratum are analyzed from the aspects of soil particle displacement, contact state and stratum stress state. The relationship between tunneling parameters such as shield pushing speed, cutter head speed, excavation rate and stratum disturbance is established.With the further opening of the authority of urban subway construction, more and more cities will join the wave of subway construction, and the construction of subway shield tunnel will face more and more. The research results of this paper can provide a reference for studying the disturbance effect of shield tunneling on strata, especially in discrete strata such as sandy gravel, ensuring the safety of shield tunneling and reducing the influence of shield tunneling on the surrounding environment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U455.43
[Abstract]:Shield tunneling has become a trend in the construction of metro tunnels in urban areas, and the engineering geological conditions of metro tunnels passing through strata have become the key factors affecting the safe construction of shield tunnels. The sandy pebble stratum is a typical unstable stratum with no cohesion between the pebbles. In the absence of water, the pebble particles transfer force from point to point. Under the action of shield tunneling disturbance, the stratum reacts sensitively, and the original relative stability or equilibrium state of the stratum is easy to be destroyed, resulting in formation loss and surrounding rock disturbance. In this paper, the long-term safety of underground structures under complex environment and its prediction methods are studied under the background of tunneling in sandy gravel stratum of urban subway in China and the subject of National Key Basic Research and Development Program (973 Program). The research on the disturbance mechanism of shield tunneling in sandy gravel stratum is carried out by means of theoretical analysis, model test and numerical simulation. The disturbance mechanism caused by shield tunneling in sandy gravel stratum is discussed through laboratory tunneling test and particle discrete element software. The disturbance characteristics of shield tunneling on sandy gravel stratum are studied from macroscopic and microscopic aspects. The main results are as follows: 1. The disturbance mechanism of shield tunneling on sandy gravel stratum and the cause of hysteretic settlement are analyzed. A two-dimensional particle discrete element analysis model is established, and the soil mass and cave in front of excavation are obtained. Based on the perturbation behavior of surrounding soil, the zoning diagram of soil disturbance caused by shield tunneling in sandy gravel stratum is proposed. The development process and influencing factors of lag settlement are analyzed from the meso-level, and the control measures to reduce the formation of lag settlement are put forward. 2. The shield tunneling test system is developed, including 800mm earth pressure balance. Shield machine, shield starting device, segment lining structure and other ancillary equipment. Combining with laboratory tests, the physical and mechanical parameters, grain gradation curve, slag soil improvement and stratum reinforcement schemes of the test sandy gravel stratum are obtained. Laboratory tunneling test of shield tunneling through sandy gravel stratum was carried out with 800mm earth pressure balance shield tunneling test system. The characteristics of stratum disturbance caused by shield tunneling in different stages were analyzed from horizontal and vertical sections of stratum, and the deformation characteristics and disturbance range of stratum with different buried depth were obtained. Variation characteristics of tunneling parameters and dynamic response of stratum deformation after consolidation measures are discussed. The relationship between tunneling parameters of shield tunneling in different tunneling sections is discussed. The important tunneling parameters of shield tunneling in different graded sandy gravel stratum are compared and analyzed. The mathematical model of tunneling parameters of different shield tunneling is established. 4. The particle separation is adopted. The model of earth pressure balanced shield tunneling including soil bunker, shield cutter head, screw excavator and tunneling trench is established by using the scattered element method. The whole process of shield tunneling in sandy gravel stratum is simulated. The disturbance range and settlement form of shield tunneling to stratum are analyzed from the aspects of soil particle displacement, contact state and stratum stress state. The relationship between tunneling parameters such as shield pushing speed, cutter head speed, excavation rate and stratum disturbance is established.With the further opening of the authority of urban subway construction, more and more cities will join the wave of subway construction, and the construction of subway shield tunnel will face more and more. The research results of this paper can provide a reference for studying the disturbance effect of shield tunneling on strata, especially in discrete strata such as sandy gravel, ensuring the safety of shield tunneling and reducing the influence of shield tunneling on the surrounding environment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U455.43
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