【摘要】：摘要：隨著城市交通擁堵狀況加劇,公共交通在城市交通系統(tǒng)中的地位逐漸提高,公交信號優(yōu)先也成為交通信號控制系統(tǒng)中重要的一部分。公交信號優(yōu)先控制對一般社會車輛及交叉口環(huán)境等方面造成的影響都成為值得研究的課題。本文對混合交通流條件下城市道路平面交叉口公交信號優(yōu)先策略進(jìn)行了分析,針對主動優(yōu)先控制建立了時空約束、資源約束及綜合約束條件模型。以元胞自動機理論為基礎(chǔ),通過仿真程序?qū)徊婵诙喾绞浇煌鬟M(jìn)行分析和運行策略的優(yōu)化研究。具體內(nèi)容包括以下方面： (1)混合交通流元胞自動機仿真建模。在經(jīng)典一維元胞自動機模型基礎(chǔ)上,通過對混合交通流運行特征的分析,提出改進(jìn)的VDR單車道模型以及改進(jìn)的多車道換道模型,并且針對未設(shè)置公交專用車道的交叉口,建立了交叉口元胞自動機模型。 (2)公交信號優(yōu)先策略分析。首先對交叉口公交優(yōu)先策略按被動優(yōu)先、絕對優(yōu)先、有條件優(yōu)先等三個角度分別進(jìn)行了分析,同時改進(jìn)了多相位公交優(yōu)先響應(yīng)的流程。然后在此基礎(chǔ)上以多約束下公交信號主動優(yōu)先控制為主,提出考慮延誤、排隊長度的時空約束模型與考慮能耗、排放的資源約束模型。 (3)綜合約束下的公交信號優(yōu)先模型。通過對時空約束模型與資源約束模型中各指標(biāo)之間相關(guān)性的分析,將兩者相結(jié)合,建立了以公交車輛數(shù)、車均延誤、車均能耗為綜合資源約束下的公交信號優(yōu)先模型。 (4)公交優(yōu)先策略效果評價。以設(shè)定交叉口環(huán)境條件為基礎(chǔ),通過MATLAB編程模擬不同公交信號優(yōu)先策略、不同交通狀態(tài)下的交通流運行情況,通過對仿真結(jié)果分析發(fā)現(xiàn)不同約束條件對車輛平均延誤率、停車率等指標(biāo)均有不同程度的影響,其中,綜合約束下公交優(yōu)先策略能夠較好地均衡公交車輛與社會車輛的效益,并且在能源消耗與污染物排放方面保持相對穩(wěn)定的變化。
[Abstract]:Absrtact: with the aggravation of urban traffic congestion, the status of public transport in urban traffic system has been gradually improved, and bus signal priority has become an important part of traffic signal control system. The influence of bus signal priority control on the environment of general social vehicles and intersections has become a topic worthy of study. In this paper, the traffic signal priority strategy of urban road intersections under mixed traffic flow is analyzed, and the spatial-temporal constraints, resource constraints and comprehensive constraints are established for active priority control. Based on the cellular automata theory, the multi-mode traffic flow at intersections is analyzed by simulation program and the optimization of operation strategy is studied. The main contents are as follows: (1) Hybrid traffic cellular automata simulation modeling. Based on the classic one-dimensional cellular automata model, the improved VDR single-lane model and the improved multi-lane changing model are proposed by analyzing the characteristics of mixed traffic flow. The cellular automata model of intersection is established. (2) bus signal priority strategy analysis. First, the bus priority strategy of intersection is analyzed from three aspects: passive priority, absolute priority and conditional priority, and the process of multi-phase bus priority response is improved. Then, based on the multi-constraint active priority control of public transport signal, a time-space constraint model considering delay and queue length and energy consumption are proposed. (3) bus signal priority model under comprehensive constraints. Based on the analysis of the correlation between the indexes in the spatio-temporal constraint model and the resource constraint model, a new method is proposed, which is based on the number of public transport vehicles and the delay of the vehicles. The energy consumption per vehicle is a bus signal priority model with comprehensive resource constraints. (4) the effect evaluation of bus priority strategy. On the basis of setting the environment condition of intersection, the paper simulates the traffic flow of different bus signal priority strategy and traffic flow under different traffic conditions by MATLAB programming. Through the analysis of simulation results, it is found that the average delay rate of vehicles is affected by different constraint conditions. Parking rate and other indicators have different degrees of influence, among them, the comprehensive constraints of bus priority strategy can better balance the benefits of public transport vehicles and social vehicles, and maintain a relatively stable change in energy consumption and pollutant emissions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U491.54

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