發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-27 10:18

【摘要】：橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)在正常使用階段及突發(fā)事件中承受動(dòng)力荷載作用，其動(dòng)力特性分析是橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)、施工控制及運(yùn)營階段動(dòng)力監(jiān)測的基礎(chǔ)分析。本文依托濱州黃河公路大橋縮尺模型，以有線數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)識別的動(dòng)力特性參數(shù)為基準(zhǔn)，開展了基于無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)識別的動(dòng)力特性參數(shù)進(jìn)行斜拉橋模型動(dòng)力特性分析的研究工作，為無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)在橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)動(dòng)力特性分析方面實(shí)際應(yīng)用做一些基礎(chǔ)性研究。 首先，結(jié)合本實(shí)驗(yàn)室現(xiàn)有的實(shí)驗(yàn)儀器條件，確立了試驗(yàn)方案并建立了振動(dòng)試驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)——激振系統(tǒng)、采集系統(tǒng)和分析系統(tǒng)。試驗(yàn)方案采用多點(diǎn)激勵(lì)多點(diǎn)響應(yīng)試驗(yàn)?zāi)B(tài)分析方法，，采用跑點(diǎn)——參考點(diǎn)的分組測量法。本文激振系統(tǒng)和有線采集系統(tǒng)使用了虛擬儀器，其系統(tǒng)開發(fā)使用了LabVIEW8.6軟件平臺；無線采集系統(tǒng)傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)使用了Imote2硬件平臺和ISM400傳感板；分析系統(tǒng)采用MATLAB軟件進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)處理。 其次，深入研究了模態(tài)試驗(yàn)分析和有限單元法兩類參數(shù)識別方法。掌握了特征系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)算法和頻域分解法識別動(dòng)力特性參數(shù)的原理�；谡駝�(dòng)試驗(yàn)有線采集系統(tǒng)獲得的加速度信號，使用MATLAB軟件自行編寫的特征系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)算法和頻域分解法程序識別縮尺模型動(dòng)力特性參數(shù)（橋面板前6階豎向頻率和振型）；對比了兩種方法識別的頻率和歸一化振型，驗(yàn)證了兩種算法程序正確。本文選用雙主梁建模方法建立了實(shí)驗(yàn)室縮尺斜拉橋模型的有限元模型，并對其進(jìn)行了模態(tài)分析，提取了橋面板前6階豎向振型和頻率。 最后，使用上述模態(tài)參數(shù)識別方法對無線采集系統(tǒng)的加速度數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了參數(shù)識別，提取的模態(tài)參數(shù)與有線結(jié)果基本一致，表明基于Imote2節(jié)點(diǎn)的無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)能夠用于模型橋的動(dòng)力特性分析。以振型特征一致為準(zhǔn)則，頻率較大誤差為豎向第1階3.41%和豎向第5階2.26%，其余均在1%以下。分析了模型橋動(dòng)力特性：模態(tài)比較密集，符合斜拉橋特性；橋面板豎向剛度相對小于橫向剛度；扭彎頻率比為2.77。
[Abstract]:The dynamic characteristic analysis of bridge structure is the basic analysis of bridge structure design, construction control and dynamic monitoring in operation stage. Based on the scaling model of Binzhou Yellow River Highway Bridge and the dynamic characteristic parameters identified by the wired data acquisition system, The dynamic characteristic analysis of cable-stayed bridge model based on the dynamic characteristic parameters identified by wireless sensor network is carried out, which makes some basic research for the practical application of wireless sensor network in the dynamic characteristics analysis of bridge structure. First of all, according to the existing experimental equipment conditions in our laboratory, the test scheme is established, and the vibration test system-excitation system, the collection system and the analysis system are established. The test scheme adopts multi-point excitation and multi-point response test modal analysis method, and adopts the group measurement method of running point and reference point. In this paper, the excitation system and the wired acquisition system use virtual instrument, the system development uses LabVIEW8.6 software platform; the wireless acquisition system sensor nodes use Imote2 hardware platform and ISM400 sensor board; the analysis system uses MATLAB software for data processing. Secondly, two kinds of parameter identification methods, modal test analysis and finite element method, are studied. The principle of feature system realization algorithm and frequency domain decomposition method to identify dynamic characteristic parameters is mastered. Based on the acceleration signal obtained from the vibration test wired acquisition system, the algorithm of characteristic system written by MATLAB software and the frequency domain decomposition program are used to identify the dynamic characteristic parameters of the scale model (the first 6 vertical frequencies and modes of the bridge deck). The frequency and the normalized mode of the two methods are compared, and the two algorithms are proved to be correct. In this paper, the finite element model of the laboratory scale cable-stayed bridge is established by using the two-beam modeling method, and the modal analysis is carried out, and the first six vertical modes and frequencies of the deck plate are extracted. Finally, the acceleration data of the wireless acquisition system are identified by using the above modal parameter identification method, and the obtained modal parameters are basically consistent with the wired results. It shows that the wireless sensor network based on Imote2 node can be used to analyze the dynamic characteristics of the model bridge. The frequency error is 3.41% for vertical first order and 2.26% for vertical fifth order, and the rest are below 1%. The dynamic characteristics of the model bridge are analyzed as follows: the modal is dense and accords with the characteristics of the cable-stayed bridge, the vertical stiffness of the deck is relatively smaller than the transverse stiffness, and the ratio of torsional and bending frequency is 2.77.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：U448.27

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