本文選題：快速路系統(tǒng) + 匝道控制　； 參考：《浙江大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著城市化進(jìn)程的加速,城市交通擁堵問(wèn)題已成為全球大城市面臨的共同問(wèn)題。發(fā)生在城市快速路上的交通擁堵如果不及時(shí)消除將可能導(dǎo)致路網(wǎng)大面積癱瘓,因此,對(duì)快速路擁堵的研究和治理變得尤為重要。 本文以城市快速路為研究對(duì)象,從宏觀(guān)交通流模型入手,以入口匝道控制為手段,將模型預(yù)測(cè)控制(MPC)理論應(yīng)用到快速路匝道控制系統(tǒng)中,探究解決城市快速路交通擁擠的匝道優(yōu)化控制策略。全文的主要研究成果總結(jié)如下。 (1)基于交通流模型,以匝道調(diào)節(jié)率為控制變量,提出了匝道MPC調(diào)節(jié)的離散時(shí)間非線(xiàn)性動(dòng)態(tài)控制命題。MPC策略以METANET模型作為過(guò)程模型,采用離散系統(tǒng)的極小值原理進(jìn)行求解。仿真結(jié)果表明,匝道MPC調(diào)節(jié)能夠顯著緩解交通擁堵,改善路網(wǎng)總體運(yùn)行效率；同時(shí)與最優(yōu)控制相對(duì)比,匝道MPC策略在模型和過(guò)程失配情況下依然有很強(qiáng)的控制效果。 (2)針對(duì)匝道控制節(jié)點(diǎn)過(guò)多帶來(lái)的負(fù)面效應(yīng),在MPC框架基礎(chǔ)上擴(kuò)展了匝道控制節(jié)點(diǎn)選擇模塊。以無(wú)控制時(shí)各控制節(jié)點(diǎn)的梯度信息作為特征值,將控制節(jié)點(diǎn)按照對(duì)路網(wǎng)性能潛在影響的大小進(jìn)行K-均值聚類(lèi),提出一種快速有效的動(dòng)態(tài)選擇控制節(jié)點(diǎn)的方法。仿真結(jié)果表明,該方法在顯著改善路網(wǎng)通行效率的同時(shí)能夠減少算法的計(jì)算時(shí)間,提高算法的求解效率。 (3)針對(duì)城市機(jī)動(dòng)車(chē)尾氣污染嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題,提出一種兼顧通行效率和環(huán)境效益的快速路入口匝道多目標(biāo)協(xié)調(diào)控制策略。以METANET模型為基礎(chǔ),將宏觀(guān)交通變量轉(zhuǎn)化為微觀(guān)變量,然后采用微觀(guān)排放模型計(jì)算尾氣排放量。在MPC框架下,綜合交通效率和環(huán)境效益指標(biāo),給出非線(xiàn)性動(dòng)態(tài)優(yōu)化控制命題,并基于極小值原理進(jìn)行求解。在多匝道快速路網(wǎng)的仿真表明,該策略在兼顧交通通行效率的同時(shí)能有效減少機(jī)動(dòng)車(chē)尾氣排放,顯著改善燃油消耗。 (4)基于上述工作,設(shè)計(jì)了入口匝道控制通用軟件,以便于比較不同路網(wǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)、不同交通需求等場(chǎng)景的仿真效果。該軟件系統(tǒng)由參數(shù)設(shè)置和仿真分析組成。其中參數(shù)設(shè)置部分為軟件的輸入,包括路網(wǎng)參數(shù)、模型參數(shù)和仿真參數(shù)的設(shè)置;仿真分析部分為軟件的輸出,包括交通需求量、匝道調(diào)節(jié)率、路網(wǎng)優(yōu)化前后的性能指標(biāo)與交通流狀態(tài)。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of urbanization, urban traffic congestion has become a common problem faced by big cities in the world. If the traffic congestion on the urban expressway is not eliminated in time, it may lead to the paralysis of the road network. Therefore, it is very important to study and control the traffic congestion on the expressway. In this paper, taking the urban expressway as the research object, starting with the macroscopic traffic flow model and taking the on-ramp control as the means, the model predictive control (MPC) theory is applied to the ramp control system of the expressway. To explore the optimal ramp control strategy to solve urban expressway traffic congestion. The main research results are summarized as follows: (1) based on the traffic flow model and taking the ramp regulation rate as the control variable, the discrete time nonlinear dynamic control proposition of ramp MPC regulation is proposed. The METANET model is used as the process model. The minimum principle of discrete system is used to solve the problem. The simulation results show that the ramp MPC regulation can significantly alleviate traffic congestion, improve the overall operation efficiency of the road network, at the same time, compared with the optimal control, Ramp MPC strategy still has a strong control effect in the case of model and process mismatch. (2) in view of the negative effect caused by the excessive number of ramp control nodes, the ramp control node selection module is extended on the basis of MPC framework. Taking the gradient information of each control node as the eigenvalue, the control nodes are clustered according to the potential impact on the road network performance, and a fast and effective method for dynamic selection of control nodes is proposed. The simulation results show that the proposed method can significantly improve the efficiency of the road network and reduce the computational time of the algorithm and improve the efficiency of the algorithm. (3) aiming at the serious pollution problem of urban motor vehicle exhaust gas, the proposed method can reduce the computational time and improve the efficiency of the algorithm. This paper presents a multi-objective coordinated control strategy for freeway on-ramp with both traffic efficiency and environmental benefit. Based on the METANET model, the macro traffic variable is transformed into the micro variable, and the exhaust emission is calculated by the micro emission model. Under the framework of MPC, the nonlinear dynamic optimal control proposition is given by synthesizing the traffic efficiency and environmental benefit index, and the solution is based on the minimum principle. The simulation of multi-ramp expressway network shows that the strategy can effectively reduce vehicle exhaust emissions and improve fuel consumption while taking into account traffic efficiency. (4) based on the above work, a general software for on-ramp control is designed. In order to compare the simulation effect of different road network structure and different traffic demand. The software system consists of parameter setting and simulation analysis. The parameter setting part is the input of the software, including road network parameter, model parameter and simulation parameter setting, the simulation analysis part is the software output, including traffic demand, ramp adjustment rate, Performance index and traffic flow state before and after road network optimization.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：U495;U491.54

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 陳旭梅,于雷,郭繼孚,全永q，

本文編號(hào)：2102388