本文選題：柔性墩 + 地震響應(yīng)　； 參考：《長安大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文是陜西省科學(xué)技術(shù)研究發(fā)展計劃項目的一個組成部分。通過大量的調(diào)查資料顯示，汶川地震后大多數(shù)梁橋的震害表現(xiàn)在：沿縱橋向伸縮裝置破壞、梁端混凝土開裂或者壓碎、以及主梁運動位移過大導(dǎo)致落梁；沿橫橋向擋塊破壞、主梁位移過大導(dǎo)致橫向落梁；支座滑移脫落導(dǎo)致主梁脫空、墩柱彎剪破壞等。由此可見，梁橋縱橫向的連接裝置及墩柱在地震作用下較易發(fā)生破壞，從而會引起更大的震害，因此，對不同組合下梁橋的地震響應(yīng)進(jìn)行分析，特別考慮了板式支座和盆式支座的摩擦滑移作用，總結(jié)梁橋沿橋縱橫向的地震響應(yīng)規(guī)律，對此類橋型設(shè)計提出一些理論依據(jù)。 本文選擇常用的簡支梁橋和連續(xù)梁橋進(jìn)行分析，通過大量的計算分析表明：簡支梁橋沿縱橋向，橋臺與梁、梁與梁間容易發(fā)生碰撞現(xiàn)象，碰撞力很大。沿橋橫向，墩柱剛度越大，擋塊與梁越容易發(fā)生碰撞，碰撞力越大，墩柱底彎矩和剪力越大。相比較之下墩底橫向剪力和彎矩明顯大于縱向。對于連續(xù)梁橋，縱橋向地震響應(yīng)受跨數(shù)影響小，既跨數(shù)增多，固定墩承受的彎矩和剪力增加不多，而是墩柱剛度越大，固定墩受力越大；橫橋向地震響應(yīng)受跨數(shù)影響大，隨著跨數(shù)的增多，，墩底彎矩和剪力快速加大，故對于跨數(shù)較多的連續(xù)梁橋，墩柱橫向受力更不利，而且橋臺處的橫向固定支座承受的水平力很大。 根據(jù)分析得出的梁橋的地震響應(yīng)規(guī)律，對于該類型梁橋的抗震設(shè)計提出一些建議：對于簡支梁橋，沿橋梁縱向，應(yīng)采取緩沖措施，減輕橋臺與梁間的巨大碰撞力，同時考慮撞擊力對橋臺的不利影響；沿橋橫向，橋臺擋塊與橋墩擋塊受力不同，對于抗震等級較高的橋梁應(yīng)分別進(jìn)行設(shè)計。對于連續(xù)梁橋，橋臺處支座的錨固應(yīng)該加強，以保證地震作用下錨栓不被破壞；對于跨數(shù)較多（5跨、6跨）、墩柱剛度較大的梁橋應(yīng)在墩頂設(shè)置系梁，減輕橫向固定支座處橋墩的受力，避免其過早破壞。對于墩柱剛度較大的簡支梁橋和跨數(shù)較多的連續(xù)梁橋，建議采取矩形墩，縱橫向受力會更合理，材料能得到充分利用。
[Abstract]:This paper is an integral part of Shaanxi province science and technology research and development project. According to a large number of investigation data, the earthquake damage of most beam bridges after Wenchuan earthquake is shown as follows: damage of stretching devices along the longitudinal bridge, cracking or crushing of concrete at the end of the beam, and excessive movement displacement of the main beam resulting in the fall of the beam, and the damage of the block along the transverse bridge. The large displacement of the main beam leads to the transverse fall of the beam, the slip of the support causes the void of the main beam, the bending and shear failure of the pier column, etc. It can be seen that the connection device and pier column of beam bridge in longitudinal and transverse direction are liable to damage under earthquake action, which will cause greater earthquake damage. Therefore, the seismic response of beam bridge under different combinations is analyzed. Especially considering the friction and slip action of plate and basin bearing, the seismic response law of beam bridge along longitudinal and transverse direction is summarized, and some theoretical basis for the design of this kind of bridge is put forward. In this paper, the commonly used simply supported beam bridge and continuous beam bridge are selected for analysis. Through a large number of calculation and analysis, it is shown that the simple supported beam bridge is prone to collide with each other along the longitudinal direction of the bridge, between abutment and beam, and between beam and beam, and the collision force is very large. Along the lateral side of the bridge, the greater the stiffness of the pier column, the easier the collision between the block and the beam, the greater the impact force, the greater the bending moment and shear force at the bottom of the pier column. The transverse shear force and bending moment at the bottom of the pier are obviously larger than that in the longitudinal. For continuous beam bridges, the seismic response of longitudinal bridge is less affected by span number, the moment and shear force of fixed pier is not much increased, but the greater the stiffness of pier column, the greater the force of fixed pier, and the greater the seismic response of transverse bridge is affected by span number. With the increase of span, the bending moment and shear force at pier bottom increase rapidly, so the lateral force of pier and column is more disadvantageous for continuous beam bridge with more span, and the horizontal force of lateral fixed support at abutment is very large. According to the seismic response law of beam bridge, some suggestions are put forward for the seismic design of beam bridge of this type: for simply supported beam bridge, along the bridge longitudinal, buffer measures should be taken to reduce the huge collision force between abutment and beam. At the same time, considering the adverse impact of impact force on abutment, along the bridge lateral, abutment block and pier block force is different, the bridge with higher seismic grade should be designed separately. For continuous beam bridges, anchoring at abutment supports should be strengthened to ensure that anchors are not damaged under earthquake; for bridges with more span (5 span, 6 span), beam bridges with larger pier stiffness should be provided with tie beams at the top of the pier. Reduce the force of the bridge pier at the transverse fixed support and avoid its premature damage. For simply supported beam bridge with larger pier stiffness and continuous beam bridge with more span, it is suggested that rectangular pier should be adopted, the longitudinal and transverse forces will be more reasonable, and the material can be fully utilized.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U442.55

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