本文選題：隧道錨桿 + 錨固質(zhì)量　； 參考：《西南交通大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：錨桿支護(hù)作為隧道初期支護(hù)常用的手段之一,已廣泛的運(yùn)用于公路、鐵路、水利等工程中。為了有效的檢測錨桿在工程中的使用效果,避免造成重大的工程災(zāi)害,錨桿無損檢測已成為現(xiàn)在炙熱的課題之一。本文從無損檢測的理論研究出發(fā),并結(jié)合模型試驗(yàn)和現(xiàn)場檢測數(shù)據(jù)的分析,對三者所得到的結(jié)論進(jìn)行對比分析,得到以下結(jié)論： (1)根據(jù)理論分析,并結(jié)合模型試驗(yàn)和工程實(shí)際的運(yùn)用,測試后的波形曲線形態(tài)、頻譜曲線特征,相位的特征及能量的變化等都能夠很好的反映錨固體系內(nèi)的具體信息。錨固質(zhì)量較好的錨桿,其測試信號的振幅衰減比較均勻,其頻譜曲線也只有一個主頻,而錨固質(zhì)量差的錨固體系,在其頻譜曲線中會出現(xiàn)多個主頻,錨固質(zhì)量越差,多個主頻之間的相差值越小。當(dāng)錨固體系中出現(xiàn)缺陷時,波形曲線形態(tài)和相位圖在相應(yīng)的位置都會發(fā)生突變,缺陷程度越發(fā)嚴(yán)重,相位變化就越頻繁。 (2)根據(jù)模型試驗(yàn)測試和結(jié)合隧道實(shí)測的數(shù)據(jù)可知,由于無損檢測信號受外圍的干擾影響較大,因此在數(shù)據(jù)分析時,應(yīng)選擇包括主頻在內(nèi)的適當(dāng)濾波頻率范圍,濾波后的波形因與原波形相似。 (3)根據(jù)模型試驗(yàn)測試和結(jié)合隧道實(shí)測的數(shù)據(jù)可知,錨桿錨固存在缺陷時,其波速是介于錨桿處于自由狀態(tài)和完全錨固之間,因此,在長度一定的時候,可以根據(jù)錨固體的波速來判斷錨固質(zhì)量。 (4)根據(jù)模型試驗(yàn)測試和結(jié)合隧道實(shí)測的數(shù)據(jù)可知,無損檢測有效的測試長度會隨著圍巖和密實(shí)度的變化而變化,圍巖級別較好或錨固密實(shí)度較好時,確定錨桿有效長度的準(zhǔn)確性越高；缺陷越多,則會對桿底的反射波造成嚴(yán)重的干擾,無法識別桿底的反射波。應(yīng)力波法檢測錨桿長度的精確度也會隨著錨桿的長度的增加而降低,也就是說,當(dāng)錨桿超過一定長度時,應(yīng)力波法無法識別錨桿的長度,因此在檢測用長錨桿支護(hù)的隧道時,應(yīng)考慮應(yīng)力波法的適用性。
[Abstract]:Bolt support, as one of the commonly used methods in early tunnel support, has been widely used in highway, railway, water conservancy and other projects. In order to effectively detect the effect of anchor in engineering and avoid serious engineering disasters, nondestructive testing of anchor has become one of the hot topics. Based on the theoretical research of nondestructive testing and the analysis of model test and field test data, this paper makes a comparative analysis of the three conclusions, and draws the following conclusions: (1) according to the theoretical analysis, Combined with the model test and the application of engineering practice, the measured waveform curve shape, spectrum curve characteristics, phase characteristics and energy changes can well reflect the specific information in the Anchorage system. For the anchor rod with good anchoring quality, the amplitude attenuation of the test signal is more uniform, and the frequency spectrum curve has only one main frequency. However, the anchoring system with poor anchoring quality will have multiple main frequencies in its spectrum curve, and the worse the anchoring quality is, the worse the anchoring quality is. The smaller the difference between multiple main frequencies. When there are defects in the anchoring system, the shape and phase of the waveform curve will change in the corresponding position, and the defect degree will become more serious. The more frequent the phase change is, the more frequent the phase changes are. (2) according to the model test and tunnel test data, because the nondestructive testing signal is affected by the external interference, so in the data analysis, The proper filter frequency range, including the main frequency, should be selected, and the filtered waveform is similar to the original waveform. (3) according to the model test and combined with the measured data of tunnel, it is known that the anchor bolt has defects in anchoring. The wave velocity is between the free state and the complete anchoring of the anchor rod, so, when the length is fixed, The anchoring quality can be judged by the wave velocity of the anchors. (4) according to the model test and the tunnel data, the effective test length of nondestructive testing will change with the change of surrounding rock and compactness. When the surrounding rock level is better or the anchoring density is better, the accuracy of determining the effective length of the anchor rod is higher, and the more defects, the more serious interference will be caused to the reflection wave at the bottom of the rod, and the reflection wave of the bottom of the rod can not be identified. The accuracy of the stress wave method in detecting the length of the bolt also decreases with the increase of the length of the bolt, that is, when the bolt exceeds a certain length, the stress wave method cannot identify the length of the anchor, so in the detection of the tunnel supported by the long bolt, The applicability of stress wave method should be considered.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U455.7;U456.3

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