本文選題：橋梁結(jié)構(gòu) + 三分力系數(shù)�。� 參考：《湖南大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來，隨著計(jì)算流體力學(xué)理論的完善和計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)的發(fā)展，基于計(jì)算流體動(dòng)力學(xué)(CFD)的數(shù)值方法迅速成熟，雖然還不能代替風(fēng)洞試驗(yàn)，但相比于傳統(tǒng)的抗風(fēng)研究方法有其獨(dú)特的優(yōu)勢(shì)，由于該方法設(shè)計(jì)周期短、試驗(yàn)費(fèi)用低、承擔(dān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)小，流動(dòng)可視化易于實(shí)現(xiàn)等，已經(jīng)成為研究橋梁風(fēng)效應(yīng)問題的一種有效手段。本文即借助計(jì)算流體動(dòng)力學(xué)方法對(duì)橋梁風(fēng)效應(yīng)進(jìn)行研究。 (1)以澧水大橋?yàn)楣こ瘫尘�，�?yīng)用SST k-湍流模型，數(shù)值模擬不同攻角下主梁斷面的三分力系數(shù)，提取計(jì)算結(jié)果與試驗(yàn)值進(jìn)行對(duì)比，給出了主梁斷面周圍流場(chǎng)的壓強(qiáng)與速度分布圖并進(jìn)行分析，進(jìn)一步驗(yàn)證了CFD能夠較為精確的數(shù)值模擬主梁斷面的三分力系數(shù)及具有顯示流體流動(dòng)方面的優(yōu)越性。 (2)采用計(jì)算流體力學(xué)軟件FLUENT中的雷諾平均方法(RANS)的SST k-湍流模型求解不可壓粘性流體納維斯托克斯(N-S)方程。將二維矩形柱體簡(jiǎn)化為質(zhì)量-彈簧-阻尼系統(tǒng)。網(wǎng)格建立過程中運(yùn)用“剛性運(yùn)動(dòng)區(qū)域+動(dòng)網(wǎng)格區(qū)域+靜止網(wǎng)格區(qū)域”的方法首先對(duì)其進(jìn)行分塊，然后將Newmark-法代碼編寫入FLUENT的用戶自定義函數(shù)(UDF)中對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)的振動(dòng)響應(yīng)進(jìn)行求解，結(jié)合FLUENT軟件中的動(dòng)網(wǎng)格技術(shù)建立了結(jié)構(gòu)渦振數(shù)值模擬方法。以寬高比為6的矩形斷面為研究對(duì)象，對(duì)其在不同風(fēng)速條件下進(jìn)行繞流和渦振數(shù)值模擬，研究結(jié)果顯示：渦激振動(dòng)“鎖定”區(qū)間和渦振響應(yīng)振幅的數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果與風(fēng)洞試驗(yàn)結(jié)果吻合良好；表明采用該方法進(jìn)行具有分離、再附著現(xiàn)象的鈍體斷面渦激振動(dòng)是可行的。 (3)采用歐拉—?dú)W拉體系的兩相流理論，將雨滴場(chǎng)作為連續(xù)介質(zhì)場(chǎng)，在流體計(jì)算軟件FLUENT基礎(chǔ)上編寫了相應(yīng)的UDF計(jì)算程序，對(duì)矩形柱體周圍的風(fēng)雨運(yùn)動(dòng)進(jìn)行三維數(shù)值模擬。采用雷諾平均方法得到了在不同雨相粒徑、不同風(fēng)速下的雨相流線圖，模型表面的雨滴捕獲率、沖擊荷載等。采用大渦模擬方法得到順風(fēng)向、橫風(fēng)向和扭轉(zhuǎn)向的荷載時(shí)程數(shù)據(jù)和力譜，并與無雨時(shí)作對(duì)比，發(fā)現(xiàn)風(fēng)驅(qū)雨對(duì)模型靜態(tài)荷載影響很小，對(duì)動(dòng)態(tài)荷載的影響較大，但平均效應(yīng)很小。 與風(fēng)洞試驗(yàn)相比，用CFD數(shù)值模擬方法研究橋梁風(fēng)效應(yīng)問題，不需要昂貴的風(fēng)洞試驗(yàn)設(shè)備和測(cè)量?jī)x器，也不需模型的制作，，并且該方法的可重復(fù)性很好，不具有風(fēng)洞試驗(yàn)周期長(zhǎng)、費(fèi)用高等問題。數(shù)值模擬方法可以實(shí)現(xiàn)氣動(dòng)選型和對(duì)模型的參數(shù)識(shí)別。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the improvement of computational fluid mechanics theory and the development of computer technology, the numerical method based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is rapidly mature. Although it can not replace the wind tunnel test, it has its unique advantages compared with the traditional wind resistance research method. Because the design period is short, the cost of the experiment is low, the risk is small, and the flow is small. The dynamic visualization has become an effective means to study the wind effect of bridge beams. In this paper, the wind effect of bridge is studied with the help of computational fluid dynamics.
(1) Taking Lishui bridge as the engineering background, the SST k- turbulence model is applied to simulate the three division coefficient of the main beam section under different angle of attack. The calculation results are compared with the experimental values, and the pressure and velocity distribution map of the flow field around the main beam is given and analyzed, and the more accurate numerical simulation of the main beam broken by CFD is verified. The three component coefficient of surface and its superiority in displaying fluid flow.
(2) the SST k- turbulence model of the Reynolds mean method (RANS) in the computational fluid dynamics software FLUENT is used to solve the incompressible viscous fluid nvius tox (N-S) equation. The two-dimensional rectangular column is simplified to a mass spring damping system. The method of "rigid moving area + dynamic grid region + static grid area" is used in the process of grid establishment. First, we block it, then write the Newmark- code into FLUENT's user custom function (UDF) to solve the vibration response of the structure, and establish a numerical simulation method of structure vortex vibration with the dynamic grid technology in the FLUENT software. The rectangular section with the width height ratio of 6 is studied under different wind speed conditions. The numerical simulation of flow around and vortex vibration shows that the numerical simulation results of the "locking" interval and the vibration response amplitude of the vortex excited vibration are in good agreement with the wind tunnel test results, which shows that it is feasible to use this method to carry out the vortex excited vibration of the blunt body section with separation and reattachment.
(3) using the theory of two phase flow in Euler Euler system, using the raindrop field as a continuous medium field, the corresponding UDF program is written on the basis of the fluid calculation software FLUENT. The three-dimensional numerical simulation of wind and rain movement around the rectangular column is carried out. The rain flow lines under the different rain phase particle size and different wind speed are obtained by the Reynolds mean method. Figure, the raindrop capture rate and impact load on the surface of the model. Using the large eddy simulation method, the load time data and force spectrum of the wind direction, the transverse wind direction and the torsional steering are obtained, and compared with the rain free time, it is found that the wind drive rain has little influence on the static load of the model, and the dynamic load has great influence on the dynamic load, but the average effect is small.
Compared with the wind tunnel test, using the CFD numerical simulation method to study the wind effect of the bridge beam does not require expensive wind tunnel test equipment and measuring instruments, and does not need the model, and the repeatability of the method is very good. It does not have long wind tunnel test period and high cost. The numerical simulation method can realize pneumatic selection and model reference. Number identification.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：U441

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