發(fā)布時間：2018-05-26 03:04

  本文選題：巖溶隧道 + 風(fēng)險評估��； 參考：《重慶交通大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：西部地區(qū)尤其是西南地區(qū)的公路隧道建設(shè)過程中，不可避免要遇到巖溶地質(zhì)條件。在當(dāng)今對安全施工和生態(tài)環(huán)境保護高要求的條件下，在巖溶地區(qū)修建隧道存在很多技術(shù)性難題。巖溶隧道修建風(fēng)險評估與預(yù)警、防治對策以及溶洞和隧道間巖層的最小安全厚度關(guān)鍵參數(shù)成為不可忽視的問題，需要開展深入研究。 本論文依托萬利高速公路長安寨隧道，采用資料調(diào)研、理論分析、數(shù)值分析等研究方法，主要研究內(nèi)容包括：運用層次分析法和模糊綜合評判理論對巖溶隧道水害風(fēng)險進行評估，，得出巖溶隧道水害風(fēng)險等級，根據(jù)風(fēng)險評估等級確定出其對應(yīng)的預(yù)警級別，并制定出不同預(yù)警級別的預(yù)控對策；運用ANSYS軟件建立溶洞—隧道模型，研究不同位置溶洞和隧道之間巖層的最小安全厚度，并針對不同溶洞跨度、不同溶洞高跨比對溶洞和隧道之間巖層最小安全厚度進行數(shù)值分析，總結(jié)出它們之間的影響規(guī)律。 通過以上的分析研究，主要得出以下結(jié)論： ①巖溶隧道水害主要受到巖溶發(fā)育程度與蓄水構(gòu)造的控制，其突水風(fēng)險可分為四個等級，其中，Ⅰ級風(fēng)險最高，Ⅳ級風(fēng)險最低。 ②對應(yīng)水害風(fēng)險評估等級，巖溶隧道突水突泥預(yù)警級別可分為四個等級，分別用紅色（Ⅰ級，最嚴(yán)重）、橙色（Ⅱ級，嚴(yán)重）、黃色（Ⅲ級，較重）、藍色（Ⅳ級，一般）四種顏色表示。 ③對于巖溶隧道的防治，首先要重視超前地質(zhì)預(yù)報，切實落實監(jiān)控量測工作，備足抽水等應(yīng)急設(shè)備，要制定逃生應(yīng)急預(yù)案，遇到可溶巖與非可溶巖接觸帶時，要采用管棚、小導(dǎo)管、預(yù)注漿等手段對圍巖進行預(yù)支護。 ④對于溶洞跨度，無論溶洞位于隧道哪一側(cè)，隧道和溶洞間巖層最小安全厚度均隨溶洞跨度增大而增大。 ⑤對于溶洞高跨比，無論溶洞位于隧道的哪一側(cè)，當(dāng)溶洞向著水平或垂直方向發(fā)展時，溶洞和隧道之間巖層所需要的最小安全厚度逐漸增加；當(dāng)溶洞高跨比趨近于1.0時，即溶洞形狀接近圓形時，溶洞和隧道間巖層所需最小安全厚度逐漸減��；當(dāng)溶洞高跨比等于1.0時，即溶洞形狀為圓形時，溶洞和隧道之間巖層最小安全厚度最小。 ⑥隧道側(cè)面溶洞對溶洞和隧道之間巖層最小安全厚度影響最大，其次是底部溶洞。
[Abstract]:In the process of highway tunnel construction in western region, especially in southwest area, karst geological conditions are inevitable. Under the condition of high requirement of safety construction and ecological environment protection, there are many technical problems in constructing tunnel in karst area. Risk assessment and early warning of karst tunnel construction prevention countermeasures and key parameters of minimum safety thickness of karst tunnel and tunnel are problems that can not be ignored and need to be deeply studied. Based on the Changan Zhai Tunnel of Wanli Expressway, this paper adopts research methods such as data investigation, theoretical analysis, numerical analysis, etc. The main research contents include: using AHP and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation theory to evaluate the risk of karst tunnel water hazard, get the risk grade of karst tunnel water hazard, and determine the corresponding early warning level according to the risk assessment level. The pre-control countermeasures of different early-warning levels are worked out, and the cave-tunnel model is established by using ANSYS software to study the minimum safe thickness of rock layers between caverns and tunnels at different locations, and aiming at different caverns span, The minimum safe thickness of rock layers between caverns and tunnels is numerically analyzed with different ratio of height to span of caverns, and the influence law between them is summarized. Through the above analysis and research, the main conclusions are as follows: (1) the water hazard of karst tunnel is mainly controlled by karst development degree and water storage structure. The risk of water inrush can be divided into four grades, among which the first grade is the highest and the 鈪

本文編號：1935699