本文選題：高速列車 + 隧道　； 參考：《蘭州交通大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：高速列車進隧道過程中，由于空氣的可壓縮性以及受到列車壁面和隧道壁面的空間限制，使得隧道內(nèi)的空氣流動有獨特的規(guī)律和特點。列車在進入隧道時，會產(chǎn)生初始壓縮波以及隧道內(nèi)的壓力波等典型空氣動力學(xué)現(xiàn)象，，使車體結(jié)構(gòu)及部件疲勞破壞，對司乘人員造成耳部的不適感，惡化乘車舒適性。隨著高速列車運行速度的不斷提高，隧道空氣動力問題日益突出，因此有必要對其發(fā)生機理及特性進行研究，為進一步的減緩措施打下基礎(chǔ)。 本文基于旋成體簡化列車模型，建立了高速列車進隧道數(shù)值模擬合理的計算區(qū)域劃分方法。以旋成橢圓體簡化列車模型為例，基于大渦模擬和雷諾時均模擬兩種不同的數(shù)值模擬方法，建立適用的網(wǎng)格劃分策略。采用有限體積方法的STAR-CD軟件及其滑移網(wǎng)格技術(shù)，對列車進隧道過程車外非定常流場進行數(shù)值模擬�；�367.2km/h的旋成體列車模型，采用大渦數(shù)值模擬方法，研究初始壓縮波、隧道內(nèi)壓力波、列車隧道內(nèi)受力及力矩情況等典型隧道空氣動力學(xué)問題。通過大渦模擬Smagorinsky亞格子模型、k ωSST高雷諾數(shù)模型和k ωSST低雷諾數(shù)模型三種不同湍流模型的數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果對比，研究不同湍流模型對隧道內(nèi)壓力波、車身典型位置的壓力波動、列車隧道內(nèi)受到的力及力矩的影響，并對三種不同湍流模型對車身周圍流場結(jié)構(gòu)的捕捉進行了對比分析。 研究結(jié)果表明：本文所有模型都能較好地揭示隧道內(nèi)列車周圍非定常流場特性。通過對大渦模擬模型的計算結(jié)果分析發(fā)現(xiàn)列車在隧道內(nèi)受到的空氣阻力比明線上大，且變化劇烈。隧道內(nèi)膨脹波和壓縮波的傳播對列車車體的壓力、列車受到的力及力矩都產(chǎn)生強烈影響。通過不同湍流模型的結(jié)果對比分析發(fā)現(xiàn)，大渦模擬模型對列車車體的壓力波動、列車整車的受力及力矩的計算結(jié)果較好，并能很好地捕捉到車身周圍及車尾處的擬序結(jié)構(gòu)。 本文對列車模型進隧道過程進行了不同的數(shù)值模擬方法研究，本文的研究成果可對大渦數(shù)值模擬以在高速列車單車進隧道過程的正確應(yīng)用提供有益參考，對復(fù)雜列車模型進隧道大渦模擬的研究奠定基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:In the process of high-speed train entering the tunnel, the compressibility of air and the space restriction of the train wall and tunnel wall make the air flow in the tunnel have unique rules and characteristics. When the train enters the tunnel, it will produce some typical aerodynamics phenomena such as initial compression wave and pressure wave in the tunnel, which will cause fatigue damage to the structure and parts of the car body, cause discomfort to the ear of the passengers, and worsen the ride comfort. With the increasing of the speed of high-speed train, the aerodynamic problem of tunnel is becoming more and more serious, so it is necessary to study the mechanism and characteristics of the tunnel aerodynamic system, so as to lay a foundation for further mitigation measures. Based on the simplified train model, a reasonable method for calculating the area of high-speed train entering tunnel is established in this paper. Taking the simplified train model of rotating ellipsoid as an example, a suitable mesh generation strategy is established based on two different numerical simulation methods: large eddy simulation and Reynolds time simulation. Using the STAR-CD software of finite volume method and slip grid technique, the unsteady flow field outside the train entering tunnel is numerically simulated. Based on the 367.2km/h model, the aerodynamic problems of a typical tunnel, such as initial compression wave, pressure wave in the tunnel, force and torque in the train tunnel, are studied by using the large eddy numerical simulation method. By comparing the numerical simulation results of three different turbulence models, the Smagorinsky sublattice model and the k 蠅 SST low Reynolds number model, the pressure fluctuations of different turbulence models on the pressure waves in the tunnel and the typical position of the body are studied. The influence of force and torque on the train tunnel is analyzed and the capture of the flow field around the body by three different turbulence models is compared and analyzed. The results show that all the models in this paper can well reveal the unsteady flow field around the train in the tunnel. By analyzing the results of large eddy simulation model, it is found that the air resistance of train in the tunnel is larger than that on the open line, and the variation is sharp. The propagation of the expansion and compression waves in the tunnel has a strong influence on the pressure of the train body and the force and torque of the train. By comparing and analyzing the results of different turbulence models, it is found that the pressure fluctuation of the train body by the large eddy simulation model, the calculation results of the force and torque of the whole train are better, and the quasi-sequence structure around the body and at the rear of the vehicle can be captured very well. In this paper, different numerical simulation methods of train model entering tunnel process are studied. The results of this paper can provide a useful reference for the numerical simulation of large eddy in the correct application of high-speed train single vehicle tunnel entry process. The research on the large eddy simulation of the complex train model into the tunnel has been laid a foundation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U270.11;U451.3

【共引文獻】

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本文編號：1924828