本文選題：環(huán)形交叉口 + 運行特性��； 參考：《重慶交通大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：環(huán)形交叉口作為一種重要的交叉口形式，在城市發(fā)展進程中曾發(fā)揮過重要的交通功能。然而，隨著城市道路交通需求的不斷增加，無信控環(huán)形交叉口交通擁堵、秩序混亂、事故頻發(fā)等弊端日益凸顯。為解決該問題，通常做法是在環(huán)形交叉口加裝信號燈，主要有單重信號控制和左轉(zhuǎn)二次停車控制。其中單重信號控制一般采用兩相位或四相位固定配時，各股車流在運行過程中相互阻滯；左轉(zhuǎn)二次停車是一種新穎的環(huán)形交叉口控制方式，但對交叉口幾何條件和交通條件要求較高，在左轉(zhuǎn)車比例較高時容易造成環(huán)道死鎖。 為探索環(huán)形交叉口新的控制方法，本文首先對國內(nèi)外有關環(huán)形交叉口和信號控制相關理論研究進行回顧，分析現(xiàn)有研究存在的不足。 其次對重慶市主城區(qū)環(huán)形交叉口的運行現(xiàn)狀、中心島直徑、相交道路等情況進行實地調(diào)研，在充分了解環(huán)形交叉口幾何特性的基礎上，根據(jù)中心島直徑的不同，將信控環(huán)交分為微型環(huán)交、小型環(huán)交、中型環(huán)交和大型環(huán)交四類。為了更好的研究環(huán)形交叉口運行特性，分別分析了小型信控環(huán)交和大中型信控環(huán)交的進口道區(qū)域、出口道區(qū)域、環(huán)流區(qū)和交織區(qū)的車流運行特性。并在此基礎上，針對小型環(huán)交的運行特性，提出了基于規(guī)則和優(yōu)化模型的環(huán)交單進口放行自適應控制模型。該模型沒有固定的相位順序，而是在每個相位的綠燈結(jié)束時刻，以單位綠燈時間通過的車輛數(shù)最大為目標，，以排隊長度和等待時間為限制條件，根據(jù)檢測器采集的車輛到達信息選擇下一綠燈相位并計算該相位所需要的綠燈持續(xù)時間。針對大中型環(huán)交的幾何特性和交通運行特性，在單進口放行自適應控制的基礎上，設計了相位組合方案更加靈活的多進口放行自適應控制模型。 最后應用VISSIM4.3仿真分析，結(jié)果表明：小型環(huán)交在不同的流量均衡度下，單進口放行自適應控制模型相較于單重信號控制和左轉(zhuǎn)二次停車控制，在減少交叉口平均延誤、排隊長度等方面均有較為明顯的優(yōu)勢；大中型環(huán)交在非飽和交通狀態(tài)下，多進口放行自適應控制相較于單重信號控制在減少交叉口平均延誤和排隊長度方面均有較明顯的優(yōu)勢，相較于左轉(zhuǎn)二次停車控制在減少交叉口平均延誤方面有較明顯的優(yōu)勢，但在減小排隊長度方面只有輕微優(yōu)勢，主要原因是左轉(zhuǎn)二次停車控制將進口道部分左轉(zhuǎn)車排隊轉(zhuǎn)移至環(huán)內(nèi)。實例交叉口仿真同樣驗證了本文研究成果的有效性和可行性。
[Abstract]:As an important intersection, roundabout has played an important traffic function in the process of urban development. However, with the increasing demand of urban road traffic, traffic congestion, disorder, frequent accidents and so on are becoming more and more serious. In order to solve this problem, signal lights are usually installed at roundabout, which mainly include single signal control and left turn secondary stop control. When single signal control is fixed with two or four phases, the flow of each unit blocks each other in the course of operation, and the second stop of left turn is a novel control method of circular intersection. However, the geometric conditions and traffic conditions of intersections are very high, and it is easy to cause loop deadlocks when the ratio of left to left turns is high. In order to explore a new control method for annular intersection, this paper reviews the theoretical research on annular intersection and signal control at home and abroad, and analyzes the shortcomings of existing research. Secondly, the operation status, diameter of central island, intersection road and so on in the main urban area of Chongqing are investigated. Based on the full understanding of the geometric characteristics of circular intersection, according to the difference of diameter of central island, The communication and control ring intersection is divided into four categories: micro ring intersection, small ring intersection, medium ring intersection and large ring intersection. In order to better study the operation characteristics of circular intersection, the traffic flow characteristics of small signal-controlled ring intersection and large and medium-sized signal-controlled ring intersection are analyzed, respectively. On the basis of this, an adaptive control model based on rules and optimization model for single inlet release of ring intersection is proposed, which is based on the operation characteristics of small ring intersection. The model does not have a fixed phase sequence, but at the end of each phase, the maximum number of vehicles passing per green time is taken as the target, and the queue length and waiting time are taken as the limiting conditions. According to the vehicle arrival information collected by the detector, the next green phase is selected and the green time required for that phase is calculated. Aiming at the geometric characteristics and traffic characteristics of large and medium-sized ring intersection, a multi-inlet adaptive control model with more flexible phase combination scheme is designed on the basis of single inlet release adaptive control. Finally, using VISSIM4.3 simulation analysis, the results show that the single inlet release adaptive control model can reduce the average delay of intersection compared with single signal control and left turn secondary stop control. There are obvious advantages in queue length, large and medium-sized ring intersection in unsaturated traffic state, multi-inlet adaptive control in comparison with single signal control in reducing the average delay and queue length of intersection has obvious advantages. Compared with the second stop control of left turn, it has obvious advantages in reducing the average delay of intersection, but it has only a slight advantage in reducing the length of queue. The main reason is that the second left turn stop control transfers the left-turn queue to the ring. The effectiveness and feasibility of the research results are also verified by the example intersection simulation.
【學位授予單位】：重慶交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U491.23

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