本文選題：砂卵石地層 + 泥水盾構(gòu)��； 參考：《北京交通大學(xué)》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：針對北京砂卵石地層大直徑泥水加壓平衡盾構(gòu)適應(yīng)性這一重要課題,采用顆粒離散元模擬、理論分析、室內(nèi)試驗及現(xiàn)場實測相結(jié)合的研究方法,對砂卵石地層中的盾構(gòu)選型、盾構(gòu)開挖面失穩(wěn)破壞特征及影響因素、泥漿特性及其作用、盾構(gòu)施工對周邊環(huán)境的影響和盾構(gòu)刀盤刀具的適應(yīng)性等關(guān)鍵問題進行了系統(tǒng)研究,取得的主要成果如下： (1)采用PFC2D雙軸數(shù)值試驗及室內(nèi)土工三軸試驗得到了顆粒流細觀參數(shù)與砂卵石土體宏觀參數(shù)c、φ的關(guān)系,進而通過顆粒離散元模擬分析,揭示了盾構(gòu)隧道開挖面及地層土體滑移和破壞的漸進性變化特征,描述了土顆粒的位移場演化規(guī)律,給出了土顆粒摩擦系數(shù)與地層變形之間的動態(tài)關(guān)系,在此基礎(chǔ)上,系統(tǒng)闡述了泥水加壓平衡盾構(gòu)開挖面穩(wěn)定性的基本原理。 (2)在開挖面上形成良好的泥膜,對于維持開挖面穩(wěn)定具有重要的作用,其中,泥膜厚度與強度對開挖面穩(wěn)定影響最大,一定厚度和強度的泥膜是保證開挖面穩(wěn)定的重要條件�；谀酀{作用原理,通過大量的泥漿試驗,提出了適于北京砂卵石地層大直徑泥水盾構(gòu)的泥漿相對密度、粘度等特性參數(shù)；從滲透距離、極限滲流量、孔隙水壓力以及泥膜抗?jié)B性4個方面對3種類型泥漿的作用效果進行了分析評價,并對其適應(yīng)性進行了分析。 (3)現(xiàn)場實測數(shù)據(jù)表明,科學(xué)的刀盤刀具配置、合適的泥漿特性參數(shù)及合理的掘進參數(shù)條件下,泥水盾構(gòu)對北京砂卵石地層具有良好的適應(yīng)性,盾構(gòu)施工引起的地層變形能夠滿足安全和環(huán)境影響控制的要求；基于實測數(shù)據(jù)和理論分析,建立了盾構(gòu)掘進參數(shù)與地層變形之間的關(guān)系,論證了帶壓進倉換刀的安全性及其對周邊環(huán)境的影響程度。 (4)為了使大直徑泥水盾構(gòu)對北京砂卵石地層具有更好的適應(yīng)性,提出了滾刀、撕裂刀、切刀等長短刀具的合理化及立體化配置方案,對致密砂卵石地層的刀盤刀具配置方案進行了專門設(shè)計；基于實測數(shù)據(jù),比較分析了單刃滾刀與雙刃滾刀的平均磨損系數(shù),進而提出了砂卵石地層掘進過程中的刀具更換原則：每100-120m進行一次帶壓進倉檢查并對磨損較大的刀具進行更換,每230-300m設(shè)置一個停機加固點進行刀具更換。
[Abstract]:In view of the important subject of large - diameter mud - water pressure balance shield adaptability of sand - gravel stratum in Beijing , this paper studies the selection of shield in the sand - gravel stratum , the characteristics of failure and damage of shield excavation surface and its influence factors , the characteristics of the mud and its function , the influence of shield construction on the surrounding environment and the adaptability of the cutter of shield cutter . The main results are as follows :

( 1 ) Using PFC2D biaxial numerical test and indoor geotechnical triaxial test , the relationship between the meso parameters of particle flow and the macroscopic parameters c and 蠁 of sand and gravel soil is obtained . Through the simulation analysis of the particle discrete elements , the evolution law of the displacement field of the shield tunnel and the formation deformation are revealed , and the dynamic relation between the friction coefficient of the soil particles and the formation deformation is given . On the basis of this , the basic principle of the stability of the excavation face of the shield tunnel is expounded .

( 2 ) A good mud film is formed on the excavation face , which plays an important role in maintaining the stability of the excavation surface . The mud membrane with the largest thickness and strength on the stability of the excavation face is an important condition for ensuring the stability of the excavation surface . Based on the principle of mud action , a lot of mud tests are adopted , and the characteristic parameters such as the relative density , viscosity and the like of the slurry suitable for the large - diameter mud - water shield of the Beijing sand - gravel stratum are proposed ;
The effect of three types of mud is analyzed and evaluated from four aspects of seepage distance , limit seepage quantity , pore water pressure and permeability of mud membrane , and its adaptability is analyzed .

( 3 ) On - site measured data shows that the mud - water shield has good adaptability to the sand - gravel stratum in Beijing under the conditions of cutter - cutter configuration , proper mud characteristic parameters and reasonable tunneling parameters , and the formation deformation caused by shield construction can meet the requirements of safety and environmental impact control ;
Based on the measured data and the theoretical analysis , the relationship between shield tunneling parameters and formation deformation is established , and the safety and the influence on the surrounding environment are demonstrated .

( 4 ) In order to adapt the large - diameter mud - water shield to the sand - gravel stratum of Beijing , this paper puts forward the rationalization and three - dimensional configuration scheme of hob , tearing knife , cutter and so on .
Based on the measured data , the average wear coefficient of single - edge hob and double - edge hob is compared , and the principle of tool replacement in the course of sand - gravel formation is put forward : every 100 - 120m is checked and replaced every 100 - 120m , and the tool is replaced every 230 - 300m .

【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U455.43;U455.39

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