本文選題：隧道施工 + 炭質(zhì)板巖　； 參考：《北京交通大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：摘要：廣昆鐵路秀寧隧道穿越板巖地層近4km,約占全隧的30%。炭質(zhì)板巖呈薄層狀、強度低,隧道施工極易產(chǎn)生滑坍、嚴重超挖、大變形等問題,圍巖穩(wěn)定性及其變形控制十分困難。為解決此難題,本文采用室內(nèi)外試驗、數(shù)值仿真、數(shù)值模擬和現(xiàn)場監(jiān)測方法對炭質(zhì)板巖圍的破壞規(guī)律和穩(wěn)定控制技術(shù)進行了研究,主要研究內(nèi)容和結(jié)論如下： 1.通過查閱大量相關(guān)文獻,對板巖的破壞規(guī)律以及破碎巖體的失穩(wěn)機理進行總結(jié)分析。 2.對秀寧隧道炭質(zhì)板巖段的炭質(zhì)板巖進行現(xiàn)場取樣,通過室內(nèi)外的物理力學試驗,得到了炭質(zhì)板巖的含水率w、密度p、彈性模量E、抗拉強度Rm。 3.通過非連續(xù)介質(zhì)軟件GDEM模擬隧道在不同傾角炭質(zhì)板巖地層中的開挖情況,得出炭質(zhì)板巖從連續(xù)體到非連續(xù)體的漸進破壞過程,并分析總結(jié)了炭質(zhì)板巖的變形破壞規(guī)律。 4.在秀寧隧道炭質(zhì)板巖段施工過程中,對隧道的拱頂沉降和洞周收斂進行了現(xiàn)場監(jiān)測,同時在隧道的代表性斷面安放傳感器,對鋼拱架內(nèi)力、噴射混凝土應(yīng)力、圍巖壓力、初支與二襯間接觸壓力等進行了量測。現(xiàn)場監(jiān)測結(jié)果顯示,隧道在超前注漿加固后采用三臺階七步開挖方法進行施工,通過嚴格控制開挖進尺可以使隧道掌子面和周邊圍巖變形值控制在允許范圍內(nèi),支護結(jié)構(gòu)受力狀態(tài)良好。 5.利用有限元軟件MIDAS/GTS對洞內(nèi)施工過程進行了數(shù)值模擬,其中考慮了兩種不同開挖進尺。通過對比數(shù)值計算結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),隧道拱頂沉降、洞周收斂和洞周塑性區(qū)范圍均隨著開挖進尺的增大而增加,支護受力狀態(tài)也發(fā)生了變化。 6.將現(xiàn)場監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)與數(shù)值計算結(jié)果進行對比印證,發(fā)現(xiàn)兩者吻合度較好,綜合分析后可知超前注漿加固圍巖及短進尺的三臺階七步開挖法能有效改善炭質(zhì)板巖的工程性質(zhì),提高圍巖的穩(wěn)定性,減小隧道開挖時圍巖和支護的變形,并能改善支護結(jié)構(gòu)的受力狀態(tài),使隧道的開挖安全和快速進行。
[Abstract]:Abstract: Xiuning tunnel of Guang-Kun Railway is about 4 km across slate, accounting for 30% of the total tunnel. The carbonaceous slate is thin layer, low strength, easy to collapse in tunnel construction, serious overexcavation, large deformation and so on. The stability of surrounding rock and its deformation control are very difficult. In order to solve this problem, in this paper, indoor and outdoor tests, numerical simulation, numerical simulation and field monitoring methods are used to study the failure law and stability control technology of carbonaceous slate. The main contents and conclusions are as follows: 1. Through consulting a large number of relevant documents, the failure law of slate and the mechanism of instability of broken rock mass are summarized and analyzed. 2. The carbonaceous slate in Xiuning tunnel is sampled in situ. The moisture content, density p, elastic modulus E and tensile strength of carbonaceous slate are obtained by physical and mechanical tests in and out of the room. 3. The progressive failure process of carbonaceous slate from continuum to discontinuity is obtained by simulating the excavation of tunnel in different dip angle by discontinuous medium software GDEM, and the deformation and failure law of carbonaceous slate is analyzed and summarized. 4. During the construction of carbonaceous slate section in Xiuning tunnel, the settlement and convergence around the tunnel are monitored on the spot. At the same time, sensors are placed on the typical section of the tunnel, and the internal force of steel arch frame, the stress of shotcrete and the pressure of surrounding rock are put in the tunnel. The contact pressure between the initial branch and the second liner was measured. The monitoring results show that the tunnel is constructed by three-step seven-step excavation method after advanced grouting, and the deformation of tunnel face and surrounding rock can be controlled within the allowable range by strictly controlling the excavation advance. The supporting structure is in good stress state. 5. The finite element software MIDAS/GTS is used to simulate the construction process in the tunnel, in which two kinds of excavation advance are considered. By comparing the numerical results, it is found that the settlement of the tunnel vault, the convergence around the tunnel and the range of plastic zone around the tunnel increase with the increase of the excavation scale, and the stress state of the support is also changed. 6. By comparing the field monitoring data with the numerical calculation results, it is found that both of them are in good agreement. The comprehensive analysis shows that the three-step and seven-step excavation method with advanced grouting to reinforce surrounding rock and short advance rule can effectively improve the engineering properties of carbonaceous slate. The stability of surrounding rock is improved, the deformation of surrounding rock and support is reduced during tunnel excavation, the stress state of supporting structure is improved, and the excavation of tunnel is safe and fast.
【學位授予單位】：北京交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U451.2;U455.49

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