本文選題：交通運(yùn)輸工程 + 公交專用道　； 參考：《中南大學(xué)》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：公交專用道設(shè)置是公交優(yōu)先政策的重要手段之一,在提高公交運(yùn)行效率、改善公交服務(wù)質(zhì)量、增強(qiáng)公交系統(tǒng)吸引力和提高公交出行率方面具有顯著效果。目前國(guó)內(nèi)外很多城市都通過設(shè)立公交專用道,達(dá)到緩解城市交通擁堵的目的。 公交專用道設(shè)置方案的分析與優(yōu)化,涉及到交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境和交通管理措施等多方面因素。本文在考慮交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)降級(jí)和拼車條件下,研究公交專用道的優(yōu)化與評(píng)價(jià)問題。公交專用道設(shè)置方案是交通管理者與出行者之間的斯坦伯格博弈的結(jié)果,出行者的方式選擇最終達(dá)到單人駕駛、拼車和公交三種交通方式下的均衡狀態(tài)。 首先,考慮小汽車和公交兩種出行方式,基于多式交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)均衡研究公交專用道與公交開行頻率的組合優(yōu)化。采用雙層規(guī)劃描述該情形下的斯坦伯格博弈,并設(shè)計(jì)了求解模型的遺傳算法,將組合優(yōu)化方案與全設(shè)和全不設(shè)兩種極端設(shè)置方案進(jìn)行比較,并分析了需求水平對(duì)交通均衡狀態(tài)及組合優(yōu)化方案的影響。 其次,在考慮拼車的條件下,研究公交專用道設(shè)置分析與評(píng)價(jià)。將小汽車出行方式細(xì)分為單人駕駛和拼車兩種方式,在討論公交專用道設(shè)置與否的同時(shí),討論是否允許拼車用戶使用公交專用道,建立對(duì)應(yīng)的交通均衡模型,優(yōu)化公交頻率與公交專用道設(shè)置方案,并分析了需求水平和人口密度對(duì)交通均衡狀態(tài)及優(yōu)化方案的影響。 第三,在考慮交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)降級(jí)的情況下,研究公交專用道設(shè)置分析與評(píng)價(jià)。通過引入道路網(wǎng)絡(luò)隨機(jī)降級(jí),考慮出行時(shí)間不確定和用戶風(fēng)險(xiǎn)厭惡水平對(duì)出行費(fèi)用的影響,基于公交和小汽車兩種出行方式的交通均衡狀態(tài),對(duì)降級(jí)路網(wǎng)中的公交專用道設(shè)置方案進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià),并分析了路網(wǎng)降級(jí)幅度、用戶風(fēng)險(xiǎn)厭惡水平以及公交車站等待時(shí)間不確定性與道路降級(jí)的關(guān)聯(lián)程度對(duì)交通均衡狀態(tài)及優(yōu)化方案的影響。 最后,綜合考慮交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)降級(jí)和拼車,研究公交專用道與公交開行頻率的優(yōu)化問題,分析路網(wǎng)降級(jí)幅度、用戶風(fēng)險(xiǎn)厭惡水平以及公交車站等待時(shí)間不確定性與道路降級(jí)的關(guān)聯(lián)程度對(duì)考慮公交、拼車、單人駕駛?cè)N交通方式的降級(jí)交通系統(tǒng)及優(yōu)化方案的影響。 論文針對(duì)上述各種情形,分別進(jìn)行了算例分析,驗(yàn)證了模型的正確性和算法的有效性,揭示了公交專用道設(shè)置的相關(guān)規(guī)律和特征,能夠?yàn)楹侠碓O(shè)置公交專用道提供科學(xué)依據(jù)和理論支撐。
[Abstract]:Bus lane setting is one of the important means of public transport priority policy. It has remarkable effect on improving the efficiency of public transportation, improving the service quality of public transportation, enhancing the attraction of public transportation system and increasing the bus travel rate. At present, many cities and cities at home and abroad have achieved the purpose of alleviating urban traffic congestion through the establishment of public transit lanes.
The analysis and optimization of the scheme of bus lane setting involves many factors such as traffic network environment and traffic management measures. In this paper, the optimization and evaluation of bus lanes are studied under the consideration of traffic network degradation and carpool conditions. The bus lane setting scheme is the Steinberg game between traffic managers and travelers. As a result, the choice of travellers eventually reached the equilibrium state of three modes of transportation: single driving, carpool and public transport.
Firstly, considering two kinds of travel modes of car and bus, the combination optimization of bus lane and bus opening frequency is studied based on multimodal traffic network equilibrium. Double deck programming is used to describe the Steinberg game in this case, and a genetic algorithm for solving the model is designed, and the combined optimization scheme is completely set up and no two extreme settings are set up. The case is compared and the influence of demand level on traffic equilibrium and combination optimization is analyzed.
Secondly, under the consideration of carpool, the analysis and evaluation of bus lane setting are studied. The mode of car travel is divided into two ways of single driver and carpool. In the discussion of whether the bus lane is set or not, it is discussed whether the bus users are allowed to use the bus lane, and the corresponding traffic equilibrium model is established, and the bus frequency is optimized and the bus frequency is optimized. The scheme of bus lane is set up, and the influence of demand level and population density on traffic equilibrium state and optimization scheme is analyzed.
Third, considering the degradation of traffic network, the analysis and evaluation of bus lane setting are studied. By introducing the random degradation of road network, taking into account the influence of travel time uncertainty and the level of user risk aversion on travel costs, based on the two travel equilibrium state of bus and car, the public transit in the downgrade road network The special channel setting scheme is evaluated, and the influence of the level of road network downgrade, the level of user's risk aversion and the degree of the uncertainty of the waiting time of the bus station and the degree of the road downgrade on the state of the traffic equilibrium and the optimization scheme are also analyzed.
At last, considering the downgrade and carpool of traffic network, the optimization problem of bus lane and bus opening frequency is studied, and the level of road network downgrade, the level of user risk aversion and the degree of the connection between the uncertainty of the waiting time of the bus station and the downgrade of the road are considered to consider the degrading transportation system of three kinds of traffic modes, which consider the bus, the car and the single man driving. The influence of the system and the optimization scheme.
In view of all the above situations, the paper carries out an example analysis to verify the correctness of the model and the validity of the algorithm. It reveals the relevant rules and characteristics of the bus lane setting, and can provide scientific basis and theoretical support for the rational setting of bus lane.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：中南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：U491.17

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本文編號(hào)：1819809