本文選題：快速路 + 交通標(biāo)志��； 參考：《長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)水平的不斷提高，城市小汽車(chē)保有量逐年增加，城市道路交通壓力愈來(lái)愈嚴(yán)重�？焖俾纷鳛槌鞘械缆返闹匾M成部分，其快速、高效、安全的運(yùn)行要求已成為城市發(fā)展的首要前提；而交通標(biāo)志作為快速路系統(tǒng)的一部分，隨著快速路上交通量的增大，常常出現(xiàn)道路交通混亂、速度不達(dá)標(biāo)、信息層次不分明、出入口間距過(guò)小、出入口交通組織與交通標(biāo)志的設(shè)置沖突、交通標(biāo)志視線遮擋等問(wèn)題，因而如何解決這些問(wèn)題，使快速路交通標(biāo)志設(shè)置具有科學(xué)性已成為近年來(lái)標(biāo)志研究刻不容緩的課題。 快速路交通標(biāo)志是否具有科學(xué)性其關(guān)鍵在于其設(shè)置是否符合駕駛員的視認(rèn)性和實(shí)際行車(chē)要求。通過(guò)對(duì)駕駛員的認(rèn)知特性入手，分析駕駛員在行車(chē)過(guò)程中視認(rèn)標(biāo)志的過(guò)程，進(jìn)而給出在實(shí)際行車(chē)時(shí)標(biāo)志設(shè)置應(yīng)滿足的相關(guān)距離，使之符合駕駛員的心理規(guī)律；而后從視線遮擋因素考慮，分別對(duì)標(biāo)志沿路側(cè)設(shè)置和沿路中布設(shè)的支撐方式進(jìn)行了概率研究，使實(shí)際選擇過(guò)程中有據(jù)可依。 在研究駕駛員視認(rèn)性和實(shí)際行車(chē)要求基礎(chǔ)上，為了提高標(biāo)志認(rèn)讀率和信息有效率，分別采用冗余技術(shù)和標(biāo)志性地物信息選取對(duì)快速路交通標(biāo)志的設(shè)置方法進(jìn)行研究。在冗余技術(shù)中，結(jié)合標(biāo)志認(rèn)知特性，對(duì)快速路指路標(biāo)志應(yīng)具有的冗余度和間距給出了計(jì)算公式；在標(biāo)志性地物信息選取上，采用信息分層、分級(jí)的方法進(jìn)行決策，從而綜合這兩種情況和快速路交通標(biāo)志的設(shè)置位置提出了交通標(biāo)志冗余設(shè)置的方法。 另外，為緩解快速路交通壓力，對(duì)快速路的管理性標(biāo)志方案進(jìn)行了相關(guān)設(shè)計(jì)。以交通調(diào)查為依托，初步確定了快速路的管理方案，，通過(guò)模糊綜合評(píng)價(jià)模型對(duì)方案的優(yōu)劣進(jìn)行了評(píng)價(jià)確定，而后結(jié)合道路實(shí)際狀況和駕駛員視認(rèn)性，對(duì)快速路的管理性標(biāo)志版面形式、設(shè)置位置作了相關(guān)研究和規(guī)定。 最后，通過(guò)對(duì)西安市二環(huán)路及其周邊區(qū)域的禁限路網(wǎng)進(jìn)行了分析，通過(guò)標(biāo)志性地物信息選取方法、冗余間距設(shè)置方法、模糊綜合評(píng)估方法對(duì)此區(qū)域的交通標(biāo)志進(jìn)行了實(shí)例分析。
[Abstract]:With the continuous improvement of economic level in our country, the number of urban cars is increasing year by year, and the pressure of urban road traffic is becoming more and more serious.As an important part of the urban road, the fast, efficient and safe operation requirement of the expressway has become the first prerequisite of the urban development. As a part of the expressway system, traffic signs increase with the increase of the traffic volume on the expressway.There are many problems such as road traffic confusion, speed substandard, information level not clear, entrance and exit distance too small, traffic organization and traffic sign set up conflict, traffic sign line of sight occlusion and so on, so how to solve these problems,In recent years, it has become an urgent task for the study of expressway traffic signs to be scientific.Whether the expressway traffic sign is scientific or not, the key lies in whether the setting accords with the driver's recognition and actual driving requirements.Based on the cognitive characteristics of the driver, this paper analyzes the recognition process of the driver in the driving process, and then gives the relevant distance to be satisfied when setting the mark in the actual driving to make it conform to the psychological law of the driver.Then, considering the factors of line of sight occlusion, the paper studies the probability of the setting of the side of the sign and the supporting mode of the layout along the road respectively, so that the actual selection process can be supported by evidence.Based on the study of drivers' recognition and actual driving requirements, in order to improve the recognition rate of signs and the efficiency of information, the method of setting traffic signs on expressway is studied by using redundant technology and landmark feature information selection respectively.In the redundancy technology, combining with the cognitive characteristics of the sign, the calculation formula for the redundancy and the spacing of the expressway road guide sign is given, and the method of information stratification and classification is used to make the decision in the selection of the information of the landmarks.The method of redundant setting of traffic sign is put forward by synthesizing these two cases and the location of traffic sign on expressway.In addition, in order to alleviate the traffic pressure of expressway, the management sign scheme of expressway is designed.Based on the traffic investigation, the management scheme of expressway is preliminarily determined, and the advantages and disadvantages of the scheme are evaluated by fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model, and then combined with the actual road situation and driver's recognition,This paper studies and prescribes the layout of the management sign of expressway.Finally, through the analysis of the forbidden road network of the second Ring Road in Xi'an City and its surrounding area, the traffic signs in this area are analyzed by the methods of selecting the information of landmarks, setting redundant spacing and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：U491.52

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