本文選題：高墩大跨橋梁　切入點：車-橋耦合　出處：《蘭州交通大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：高墩大跨橋梁車-橋系統耦合振動主要體現在兩個方面：一是高墩大跨鐵路橋梁在高速、重載列車作用下的動力響應問題,二是橋上列車運行的安全性與平穩(wěn)性問題。 本文以縱目溝特大橋為工程背景進行高墩大跨橋梁車-橋耦合振動分析研究。該橋主跨結構形式為(78+2×136+78)m預應力混凝土變截面連續(xù)剛構,4#、6#墩采用雙薄壁墩,墩高均為48m；5#墩采用新型柱板式空心高墩,墩高為105m。在搜集、整理高墩大跨橋梁車-橋耦合振動研究的相關資料和文獻的基礎上,建立了31個自由度的四軸車輛動力分析模型,利用達朗貝爾原理推導了車輛的動力學方程。借助ANSYS軟件建立了縱目溝特大橋的三維空間有限元分析模型,采用模態(tài)綜合法對其動力特性(頻率和振型)進行分析計算,并結合相應規(guī)范對其自振頻率計算結果進行評估。結合國內外車輛系統、橋梁結構相關規(guī)范以及試驗研究成果,建立了車-橋耦合系統動力響應分析評價體系。通過ANSYS-UM.EXE程序將ANSYS建立的三維橋梁模型導入UM(Universal Mechanism)軟件,并與UM軟件建立的車輛模型進行恰當連接,以軌道不平順和輪對蛇形波作為車-橋耦合振動系統的激勵源,建立了縱目溝特大橋車-橋耦合振動仿真分析整體模型,通過聯合仿真技術實現了高墩大跨橋梁車-橋耦合振動研究。對不同車輛(機車、客車以及貨車)的運行穩(wěn)定性進行了分析,求解了非線性臨界速度；分析了單個機車、編組客車以及編組貨車(重載)在設計時速下通過橋梁時,橋梁結構以及車輛系統的動力響應；并在此基礎上探討了橋梁結構剛度、行車速度、軌道不平順以及貨車編組情況等因素對高墩大跨橋梁車-橋耦合系統振動的影響。 由本文研究成果可以得出：縱目溝特大橋的前10階振型以橫橋向貢獻為主,說明橋梁橫向剛度相對較��；客車以及重載貨車以設計時速過橋時,車輛系統和橋梁結構的各項動力響應指標均在規(guī)范限值以內；橋梁橫向剛度(主梁橫向剛度以及橋墩橫向剛度)的減小對車-橋耦合系統的橫向振動影響比較明顯,對其豎向振動影響較��；主梁豎向剛度的改變對車-橋耦合系統的豎向振動影響較為顯著,對其橫向振動影響較��；車輛以及橋梁結構的各項動力響應指標總體上隨著行車速度的增加而增大；軌道不平順的增加導致車-橋耦合系統振動明顯加劇,說明軌道不平順是車-橋耦合系統的主要激勵源之一；空載貨車的橫向穩(wěn)定性較重載貨車的橫向穩(wěn)定性弱,易發(fā)生脫軌事故。
[Abstract]:The coupling vibration of vehicle-bridge system with high piers and long span bridges is mainly reflected in two aspects: one is the dynamic response of railway bridges with high piers and long span under the action of high-speed and heavy haul trains, the other is the safety and stability of train running on the bridge.In this paper, the vehicle-bridge coupling vibration analysis of long span bridge with high piers is carried out under the background of Longmugou Bridge.The main span structure of the bridge is composed of two thin-walled piers with continuous rigid frame with variable cross-section and continuous rigid frame with variable cross-section. The height of piers is 48m, and the height of piers is 105m.On the basis of collecting and arranging the related data and literature of the vehicle-bridge coupling vibration research of long-span bridges with high piers, a dynamic analysis model of 31 degrees of freedom four-axis vehicles is established, and the dynamic equations of the vehicles are derived by using the Darembert principle.The three-dimensional finite element analysis model of Longmugou Bridge is established with the help of ANSYS software. The dynamic characteristics (frequency and mode shape) of the bridge are analyzed and calculated by modal synthesis method, and the calculation results of the natural vibration frequency are evaluated with the corresponding specifications.The dynamic response analysis and evaluation system of vehicle-bridge coupling system is established based on the related codes of vehicle system, bridge structure and experimental research results at home and abroad.The 3D bridge model established by ANSYS is imported into UM(Universal Mechanism software by ANSYS-UM.EXE program, and it is properly connected with the vehicle model established by UM software. The track irregularity and the serpentine wave of wheelset are used as the excitation source of the vehicle-bridge coupling vibration system.The whole model of vehicle-bridge coupling vibration analysis for Longmugou large bridge is established, and the vehicle-bridge coupling vibration of long span bridge with high piers is studied by combined simulation technology.The operation stability of different rolling stock (locomotives, passenger cars and freight cars) is analyzed, and the nonlinear critical velocity is solved.Based on the dynamic response of bridge structure and vehicle system, the effects of stiffness of bridge structure, driving speed, track irregularity and truck marshalling on the vibration of vehicle-bridge coupling system with high piers and large span bridges are discussed.From the research results of this paper, it can be concluded that the first 10 vibration modes of Longmugou Bridge are mainly the contribution of transverse bridge, which shows that the lateral stiffness of the bridge is relatively small, and that when passenger cars and heavy trucks cross the bridge with design speed,The change of vertical stiffness of the main beam has a significant effect on the vertical vibration of the vehicle-bridge coupling system, and has little effect on the transverse vibration.As a whole, the dynamic response indexes of vehicle and bridge structure increase with the increase of driving speed, and the vibration of vehicle-bridge coupling system increases obviously with the increase of track irregularity.It is shown that track irregularity is one of the main excitation sources of vehicle-bridge coupling system, and that the lateral stability of empty truck is weaker than that of heavy truck, and it is easy to derail.
【學位授予單位】：蘭州交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U441.3

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