本文選題：激光測距　切入點：邊坡變形監(jiān)測　出處：《重慶交通大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著我國道路交通建設的迅速發(fā)展，在公路新建過程中，出現(xiàn)大量的邊坡工程。山區(qū)公路自然地質條件復雜，由于自然因素（主要是降雨）和人為活動（公路建設）的影響，破壞了原有邊坡的平衡條件，，可能產生邊坡失穩(wěn)、滑坡等路域地質災害，繼而可能對公路的通行和過往車輛、人員的安全產生重大影響。因此對邊坡工程進行實時監(jiān)測，并根據(jù)監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)分析邊坡的穩(wěn)定性和對邊坡在未來的變形趨勢進行預測，對潛在的地質災害及時地預測預報，從而降低或避免邊坡垮塌、滑坡帶來工程經濟損失和人員傷亡事故顯得尤為重要。 本文在現(xiàn)已成熟的邊坡監(jiān)測技術基礎上研究了基于激光測距技術的遠程邊坡表面位移監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)，主要做了以下幾個方面的工作： ①通過對比激光測距監(jiān)測技術與其他監(jiān)測技術的優(yōu)缺點，得到在邊坡變形監(jiān)測與災害預警預報系統(tǒng)中激光測距監(jiān)測技術更具有優(yōu)勢。 ②簡要介紹了激光測距技術的工作原理，分析了激光測距儀測量誤差的來源，并給出了對應的修正公式和方法。 ③對激光測距遠程監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)工程應用現(xiàn)場影響因素進行分析，主要分析了現(xiàn)場環(huán)境因素和主觀人為因素，并根據(jù)分析結果提出相應的現(xiàn)場改進措施。 ④利用已有的監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)和宏觀的地質資料分析得到邊坡巖土體的力學參數(shù)，結合PLAXIS的強度折減模塊和塑性模塊分析獲得邊坡安全系數(shù)與邊坡表面位移值的對應關系，制定了邊坡表面位移變形階段預警值的定性和定量的判定法。并利用灰色—馬爾科夫模型預測法建立模型對邊坡變形情況進行穩(wěn)定性評價和潛在的地質災害的預警預報。 ⑤針對渝湘高速公路水（江）武（�。┒蜬1691+100~K1691+400右幅邊坡實際情況建立了激光測距遠程邊坡監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)，實現(xiàn)了全自動化監(jiān)測，并將監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)分析結果與邊坡實際情況進行比較，證明了該遠程監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)的實用價值，并成功應用到了南岸區(qū)彈廣路K10+490-K10+610段左側路堤失穩(wěn)災害治理監(jiān)測工程中。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of road traffic construction in China, a large number of slope projects appear in the process of highway construction.Due to the influence of natural factors (mainly rainfall) and human activities (highway construction), the balance conditions of the original slope are destroyed, which may lead to slope instability, landslide and other road geological disasters.This may have a significant impact on road traffic, traffic and safety of personnel.Therefore, the slope engineering is monitored in real time, and the stability of the slope is analyzed according to the monitoring data and the deformation trend of the slope in the future is forecasted, and the potential geological hazard is forecasted in time so as to reduce or avoid the slope collapse.1. By comparing the advantages and disadvantages of laser ranging monitoring technology with other monitoring techniques, it is concluded that laser ranging monitoring technology has more advantages in slope deformation monitoring and disaster early warning and forecasting system.2 the working principle of laser ranging technology is introduced briefly, the source of measuring error of laser rangefinder is analyzed, and the corresponding correction formula and method are given.3. The factors affecting the application of laser ranging remote monitoring system are analyzed, the field environment factors and subjective human factors are mainly analyzed, and the corresponding improvement measures are put forward according to the analysis results.(4) the mechanical parameters of slope rock and soil are obtained by the analysis of existing monitoring data and macroscopic geological data, and the corresponding relationship between slope safety factor and slope surface displacement is obtained by combining the strength reduction module and plastic module of PLAXIS.The qualitative and quantitative determination method of early warning value of slope surface displacement and deformation stage is established.The grey Markov model prediction method is used to establish the model to evaluate the stability of slope deformation and to predict the potential geological hazards.5. According to the actual situation of the right slope of K1691 100~K1691 400 section of Yu-Xiang Expressway, a remote monitoring system of laser ranging is established, which realizes full automatic monitoring, and compares the results of monitoring data analysis with the actual situation of the slope.The practical value of the remote monitoring system has been proved, and it has been successfully applied to the monitoring project of the instability of the left embankment in K10 490-K10 610 section of Dangguang Road, Nanan District.
【學位授予單位】：重慶交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U416.14;U412.2

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