本文選題：城市交通　切入點：公交規(guī)劃　出處：《長安大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：伴隨著全球經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展和城市人口與機動車數(shù)量的快速增長，世界各國多數(shù)城市，尤其是大城市面臨著巨大的交通壓力，主要表現(xiàn)在交通擁擠加劇、交通事故增多、能源消耗上升、城市環(huán)境惡化等方面。交通問題已然成為制約世界各國城市經(jīng)濟進一步發(fā)展的因素之一。國外成功經(jīng)驗表明，優(yōu)先發(fā)展城市公共交通，建立一個運營高效、合理的公交系統(tǒng)可以有效緩解以上問題，而對于任何一個城市的公共交通系統(tǒng)，作為公交規(guī)劃核心內(nèi)容的公交線網(wǎng)設(shè)計和優(yōu)化，其結(jié)果是否合理直接影響著公交規(guī)劃的可操作性和合理性。 基于以上背景，，本文在對國內(nèi)外有關(guān)城市公交線網(wǎng)優(yōu)化研究進行分析的基礎(chǔ)上，考慮在城市公交運力有限條件下，建立以乘客換乘次數(shù)和乘客旅行時間最小化為目標的雙目標優(yōu)化模型，運用LINGO優(yōu)化軟件結(jié)合小規(guī)模問題算例驗證該模型的準確性。針對本文所構(gòu)建的公交線網(wǎng)優(yōu)化模型特征采用遺傳算法對該模型進行求解設(shè)計，對巴彥淖爾市臨河區(qū)公交線網(wǎng)進行優(yōu)化，生成優(yōu)化方案。通過比較優(yōu)化方案與現(xiàn)狀線網(wǎng)各項公交線網(wǎng)評價指標值（線網(wǎng)總長度、線網(wǎng)密度、站點覆蓋率、非直線系數(shù)等），從中可以看出，優(yōu)化方案的各項評價指標與現(xiàn)狀相比均有了很大的提高。結(jié)果表明，本文所建立的模型及算法可用于常規(guī)公交線網(wǎng)優(yōu)化，其得到了比較好的結(jié)果，證明了模型的準確性和算法的有效性。
[Abstract]:With the development of the global economy and the rapid growth of the urban population and the number of motor vehicles, most of the cities in the world, especially the big cities, are facing enormous traffic pressure, mainly in the increase of traffic congestion and traffic accidents. Transportation problems have become one of the factors restricting the further development of urban economy around the world. The successful experience of foreign countries shows that priority should be given to the development of urban public transport and the establishment of an efficient operation. Reasonable public transport system can effectively alleviate the above problems, and for any city's public transport system, as the core content of public transport planning, the design and optimization of public transport network, Whether the result is reasonable or not directly affects the maneuverability and rationality of bus planning. Based on the above background, based on the analysis of the domestic and foreign research on the optimization of urban transit network, this paper considers the condition of limited urban transit capacity. A two-objective optimization model with the goal of minimizing passenger transfer times and travel time is established. The accuracy of the model is verified by using LINGO optimization software combined with a small scale problem. The genetic algorithm is used to solve the model, which is based on the characteristics of the bus network optimization model constructed in this paper. The bus network in Linhe district of Bayan Nur city is optimized, and the optimization scheme is generated. The evaluation index value (total length of network, density of line network, station coverage rate) is compared with that of each bus network of current network. It can be seen that the evaluation index of the optimization scheme has been greatly improved compared with the present situation. The results show that the model and algorithm established in this paper can be used to optimize the conventional bus network. A good result is obtained, which proves the accuracy of the model and the validity of the algorithm.
【學位授予單位】：長安大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U491.17

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