本文選題：清水下泄　切入點(diǎn)：數(shù)學(xué)模型　出處：《重慶交通大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：水利工程建成后可大幅改善庫(kù)區(qū)航道尺度、通航條件以及增加和調(diào)節(jié)下游枯水流量等。但是，水利樞紐工程建成后，大壩攔截了上游輸入的大量水體和泥沙，改變了河流天然的來(lái)水來(lái)沙過(guò)程，打破了河床自然的平衡型態(tài)，導(dǎo)致河床發(fā)生新的沖淤變形，直至達(dá)到新的沖淤平衡。此外，，水電站調(diào)峰運(yùn)行產(chǎn)生的非恒定流，將引發(fā)下游航道中水位和流速的瞬間變化，對(duì)船舶通航條件帶來(lái)較大影響。水庫(kù)運(yùn)行中下泄的清水因挾沙能力增強(qiáng)，將加快下游河槽的沖刷，使河床下切、水位降低，產(chǎn)生航道水深不足等問(wèn)題，對(duì)下游的航道尺度、沿江港口碼頭及水工建筑物的正常運(yùn)行帶來(lái)影響。因此研究電站清水下泄給下游港區(qū)停泊水位帶來(lái)的影響十分必要。 本文結(jié)合“橄欖壩電站清水下泄對(duì)曼廳大沙壩航道穩(wěn)定影響研究”項(xiàng)目，在平面二維水流泥沙數(shù)學(xué)模型的理論和方法基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行實(shí)際應(yīng)用，主要工作和成果如下： ①依據(jù)收集的原型資料，設(shè)計(jì)和制作變態(tài)動(dòng)床物理模型，通過(guò)所建物理模型進(jìn)行水流流態(tài)、水位及河床沖淤測(cè)量。為數(shù)學(xué)模型的驗(yàn)證奠定基礎(chǔ)。 ②建立曼廳的二維水沙數(shù)學(xué)模型，根據(jù)模擬成果與物理模型試驗(yàn)結(jié)果比較分析，結(jié)果表明模擬計(jì)算值與實(shí)測(cè)值吻合較好，說(shuō)明建立的模型與數(shù)值模擬方法的有效性和正確性，可用于實(shí)際河道的水流和泥沙的沖淤變化的研究分析，且能夠保證計(jì)算的精度和可靠性。 ③以?xún)煞N不同的電站下泄流量過(guò)程為計(jì)算工況，對(duì)電站下游港區(qū)內(nèi)的水流水力特性進(jìn)行分析研究。通過(guò)分析年際流速大小及年流速差值得到港區(qū)內(nèi)流速的變化趨勢(shì)；通過(guò)電站下泄的年過(guò)程流量分析港區(qū)內(nèi)水位日變幅，通過(guò)橄欖壩水庫(kù)設(shè)計(jì)的下泄水流分析港區(qū)內(nèi)水位小時(shí)變幅，得到滿(mǎn)足船舶安全停泊的結(jié)論。 ④通過(guò)計(jì)算港區(qū)水位下降量及下游河床平均下切量，得到平均河床下切量與時(shí)間的關(guān)系式： h河床ln(0.077t0.988)；河床下切與港區(qū)水位的之間的關(guān)系式： h水位0.8662h河床；對(duì)滿(mǎn)足港區(qū)特征水位的流量進(jìn)行研究，得到最小流量變化與時(shí)間的關(guān)系式： Q121.36ln(x4.33)379.77，，為電站運(yùn)行的流量調(diào)節(jié)提供了理論參考。
[Abstract]:After the completion of the water conservancy project, the waterway scale of the reservoir area can be greatly improved, the navigation conditions and the downstream low water flow can be increased and adjusted. However, after the completion of the water conservancy project, the dam intercepts a large amount of water and sediment input from the upstream. It changes the natural process of water and sediment coming from the river, breaks the natural equilibrium of river bed, and results in new erosion and deposition deformation of river bed until a new balance of scour and silt is reached. In addition, the unsteady flow produced by peak shaving operation of hydropower station, It will cause the instantaneous change of the water level and velocity in the downstream waterway, and will have a great influence on the navigation conditions of the ship. Due to the enhancement of the sediment carrying capacity of the clear water discharged down the reservoir, the scouring of the downstream channel will be accelerated, the river bed will be cut down and the water level will be lowered. Some problems such as insufficient water depth of waterway have an impact on the channel scale along the river and the normal operation of the port and hydraulic structures along the Yangtze River, so it is necessary to study the effect of the water discharge of the power station on the berthing water level in the downstream port area. Combined with the project of "study on the influence of clear Water discharge on the Channel Stability of Manting Dasha Dam", this paper carries out practical application on the basis of the theory and method of planar two-dimensional flow and sediment mathematical model. The main work and results are as follows:. 1 according to the prototype data collected, the physical model of abnormal moving bed is designed and made, and the water flow, water level and river bed scour and deposition are measured through the established physical model, which lays a foundation for the verification of mathematical model. (2) the two-dimensional mathematical model of water and sediment in Manting is established, and the results of simulation and physical model test are compared and analyzed. The results show that the calculated values are in good agreement with the measured values, which shows the validity and correctness of the established model and numerical simulation method. It can be used to study and analyze the flow and sediment scour and silt change of real river, and can guarantee the accuracy and reliability of calculation. (3) the hydraulic characteristics of water flow in the downstream port area of the power station are analyzed and studied under the calculation conditions of two different discharge processes of the power station. The variation trend of the velocity in the port area is obtained by analyzing the magnitude of the interannual velocity and the difference of the annual velocity. The daily variation of the water level in the port area is analyzed through the annual discharge of the power station discharge, and the hourly fluctuation of the water level in the port area is analyzed by the downflow flow designed by the Olive Dam reservoir, and the conclusion that the ship is safely berthed is obtained. (4) by calculating the water level drop in the port area and the average down-cut quantity of the downstream riverbed, the relationship between the average riverbed undercut amount and the time is obtained: h river bed lnn 0.077 t 0.988, the relationship between the river bed undercut and the port area water level: h water level 0.8662 h riverbed; The relationship between the minimum discharge change and the time is obtained: Q121.36lnX 4.33ng 379.77, which provides a theoretical reference for the regulation of the discharge of the power station.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：U652.3

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 許炯心;漢江丹江口水庫(kù)下游河床調(diào)整過(guò)程中的復(fù)雜響應(yīng)[J];科學(xué)通報(bào);1989年06期

2 許炯心;水庫(kù)下游河道復(fù)雜響應(yīng)的試驗(yàn)研究[J];泥沙研究;1986年04期

3 楊克誠(chéng);丹江口水庫(kù)清水下泄沖刷含沙量的特性分析[J];泥沙研究;1989年01期

4 胡海明,李義天;河床沖刷粗化計(jì)算[J];泥沙研究;1996年04期

5 秦榮昱,胡春宏;河床沖刷粗化研究進(jìn)展及方向[J];泥沙研究;1997年02期

6 王兆印,黃金池,蘇德惠;河道沖刷和清水水流河床沖刷率[J];泥沙研究;1998年01期

7 陳枝霖;;小浪底水庫(kù)的修建對(duì)下游河道的沖淤影響[J];人民黃河;1992年02期

8 王協(xié)康;楊青遠(yuǎn);王憲業(yè);劉興年;劉同宦;;卵石床面清水沖刷穩(wěn)定形態(tài)及其水流結(jié)構(gòu)試驗(yàn)研究[J];四川大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(工程科學(xué)版);2006年03期

9 王濤;劉興年;黃爾;楊克君;;卵石河床清水沖刷粗化層破壞臨界條件試驗(yàn)研究[J];四川大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(工程科學(xué)版);2008年04期

10 程小兵;李一兵;;樞紐下游河床清水沖刷粗化研究綜述[J];水道港口;2008年02期

本文編號(hào)：1670662