本文選題：隧道工程　切入點(diǎn)：積水凍脹模型　出處：《東北大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著我國改革開放步伐的加快,中國交通基礎(chǔ)建設(shè)工程全面展開,而公路、鐵路隧道更是在東北、華北、西北、西南等高海拔地區(qū)新建消息頻出。這一方面標(biāo)志全國交通系統(tǒng)更加全面有效,而另一方面卻帶了人們對隧道凍害問題的深思。本文通過查閱國內(nèi)外相關(guān)文獻(xiàn),對隧道凍脹力計算方法、隧道凍害機(jī)理、隧道凍害等級劃分及隧道凍脹防治措施四個方面研究現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行了總結(jié)歸納,在此基礎(chǔ)之上重點(diǎn)對巖質(zhì)隧道凍脹力計算模型以及凍害等級劃分方法深入分析,主要工作內(nèi)容如下：(1)綜述積水凍脹理論,修正已有積水凍脹模型不足之處：該模型建立時忽略了圍巖本身低溫膨脹作用；計算過程未考慮積水結(jié)冰彈性體變形影響；未提及參數(shù)取值問題,工程使用困難。基于彈性力學(xué)理論,建立新的局部積水凍脹模型,并推導(dǎo)出凍脹力計算表達(dá)式。然后提出各參數(shù)取值方法,包括：凍脹圍巖沿隧道徑向深度、局部積水沿隧道徑向深度、圍巖彈性抗力系數(shù)、襯砌和冰的彈性當(dāng)量系數(shù)以及圍巖凍脹率。引入工程算例,計算襯砌背后無積水時所受凍脹力大小并與凍融巖石圈整體凍脹理論凍脹力彈性表達(dá)式計算結(jié)果對比,驗(yàn)證新建積水凍脹模型合理性。(2)采用有限元數(shù)值分析方法,分析新建局部積水凍脹模型的合理性,并討論凍脹力與相關(guān)參數(shù)的關(guān)系。利用ANSYS有限元軟件模擬隧道工程算例得出襯砌背后出現(xiàn)局部積水時所受凍脹力大小與局部積水凍脹模型分析結(jié)果比較,證明新建局部積水凍脹模型的合理性。然后通過參數(shù)調(diào)整分析凍脹力與圍巖凍脹率、襯砌剛度以及水體縱向深度之間的關(guān)系。(3)提出新建隧道凍害等級劃分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)以及各指標(biāo)評價方法。在量化分析地下水、溫度、圍巖屬性三指標(biāo)前提下,采用加權(quán)平均綜合評價方法提出新建隧道凍害等級劃分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；對隧道防凍害施工預(yù)防措施進(jìn)行總結(jié)：保溫加熱措施、防排水措施、混凝土低溫施工,并以施工預(yù)防措施有效性對新建隧道凍害等級劃分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行修正。(4)基于新建局部積水凍脹模型,建立既有隧道凍害等級劃分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)并明確各指標(biāo)評價方法。提出以混凝土長期強(qiáng)度增長值為指標(biāo)來區(qū)分新建和既有隧道的方法；以混凝土襯砌最小、最大配筋率作為凍脹力等級弱中強(qiáng)的劃分標(biāo)準(zhǔn),計算凍脹力界限值；之后量化洞內(nèi)結(jié)冰影響正常使用情況和襯砌結(jié)構(gòu)劣化程度,采用綜合定性評價原則：量化指標(biāo)、單指標(biāo)評價、最值優(yōu)先、定性評價,建立既有隧道凍害等級劃分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。(5)依據(jù)大葦溝隧道工程,應(yīng)用新建局部積水凍脹模型計算該隧道襯砌所受凍脹力；根據(jù)新建隧道和既有隧道判別標(biāo)準(zhǔn),分析該隧道所屬類型,并采取對應(yīng)類型隧道凍害等級劃分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行評價。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of the pace of reform and opening up in China, China's transportation infrastructure projects have been carried out in an all-round way, and highway and railway tunnels are located in the Northeast, North China, and Northwest China. News of new construction in high altitude areas such as southwest China is frequent. On the one hand, this indicates that the national transportation system is more comprehensive and effective, while on the other hand, it brings people to ponder over the problem of tunnel freezing injury. This paper refers to the relevant literature at home and abroad. In this paper, the methods of calculating the frost heaving force of the tunnel, the mechanism of the tunnel frost damage, the classification of the tunnel frost damage grade and the prevention and cure measures of the tunnel frost heave are summarized and summarized. On this basis, the calculation model of frost heave force of rock tunnel and the classification method of frost damage grade are deeply analyzed. The main work is as follows: 1) summarizing the theory of hydrofreeze heave. The shortcomings of the existing hydrofreeze heaving model were corrected: the low-temperature expansion of surrounding rock itself was neglected when the model was established; the deformation of hydrofreeze elastomer was not taken into account in the calculation process; the problem of parameter selection was not mentioned. Based on the theory of elastic mechanics, a new local hydrofreeze heave model is established, and the calculation expression of frost heave force is derived. Then, a method for determining the values of various parameters is put forward, including the depth of frost heave surrounding rock along the radial direction of tunnel. The local water accumulated along the radial depth of the tunnel, the elastic resistance coefficient of surrounding rock, the elastic equivalent coefficient of lining and ice, and the frost heaving rate of surrounding rock. By calculating the magnitude of frost heave force when there is no water behind the lining and comparing with the calculation result of frost heave force elastic expression of whole frost heaving theory of freeze-thawing lithosphere, it is proved that the new hydrofreeze heaving model is reasonable, and the finite element numerical analysis method is adopted. The reasonableness of the new model of local water frozen-heaving is analyzed. The relationship between frost heaving force and relevant parameters is discussed. By using ANSYS finite element software to simulate tunnel engineering example, the magnitude of frost heave force when local hydrops appear behind the lining is compared with the analysis results of local hydrofreeze model. It is proved that it is reasonable to build a new model of local water frozen-heaving, and then the frost heave force and the frost heave rate of surrounding rock are analyzed by adjusting the parameters. The relationship between lining stiffness and longitudinal depth of water body. (3) the classification standard of frost damage grade and the evaluation method of each index are put forward. Under the premise of quantitative analysis of groundwater, temperature and surrounding rock properties, By using the weighted average comprehensive evaluation method, the classification standard of frost damage grade of new tunnel is put forward, and the preventive measures are summarized, such as heat preservation measures, drainage prevention measures, low temperature concrete construction, etc. Based on the frost heaving model of the new local water, the classification standard of the frost damage grade of the new tunnel is revised by the effectiveness of the construction prevention measures. The criteria for classification of frozen damage grade of existing tunnels and the evaluation methods for each index are established. The method of distinguishing new and existing tunnels with long-term strength growth value of concrete is put forward, and the minimum concrete lining is used. The maximum reinforcement ratio is used as the dividing criterion of weak, moderate and strong frost heaving force, and the limit value of frost heave force is calculated, then the ice in the tunnel affects the normal use and the deterioration degree of lining structure, and the comprehensive qualitative evaluation principle is adopted: quantitative index. Single index evaluation, the best value first, qualitative evaluation, established the existing tunnel frost damage grade classification standard. 5) according to the Dawegou tunnel project, the frost heave force of the tunnel lining was calculated by using the newly built local water frost heave model. According to the criterion of judging the new tunnel and the existing tunnel, the type of tunnel is analyzed, and the classification standard of freezing damage grade of the tunnel of corresponding type is adopted to evaluate it.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U457

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