本文選題：重質(zhì)煤焦油　切入點(diǎn)：苯并[a]芘　出處：《河北工業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：目前，用于道路建設(shè)的石油瀝青資源緊張，而重質(zhì)煤焦油的安全性低、延展性差、易老化等缺點(diǎn)制約了其在道路方面的應(yīng)用。因此，對(duì)重質(zhì)煤焦油進(jìn)行改性研究，提高其安全性和道路應(yīng)用基本性能，對(duì)于我國(guó)環(huán)境保護(hù)和道路發(fā)展具有重要意義。 重質(zhì)煤焦油的安全性研究中，分別采用化學(xué)方法和物理方法進(jìn)行改性�；瘜W(xué)改性中以三聚甲醛為改性劑，H2SO4為催化劑，討論了催化劑用量、反應(yīng)溫度等因素對(duì)BaP降低效果的影響。BaP的降低率隨著反應(yīng)溫度的增加先增大后降低；當(dāng)三聚甲醛的用量為1.0mol，催化劑用量為5.0wt%，85℃反應(yīng)4.0h，BaP的降低率為80.6%。苯萃取處理時(shí)，隨著萃取時(shí)間的增加，BaP的降低率先增大后趨于穩(wěn)定；粉料萃取24.0h，BaP的降低率為48.8%。物理方法降低BaP的效率相對(duì)較低。 對(duì)于重質(zhì)煤焦油的道路應(yīng)用基本性能研究中，首先采用蒽油、芳烴油、油漿、渣油和瀝青調(diào)和油等改善延度、針入度和軟化點(diǎn)等性能。討論了調(diào)和劑種類、用量、溫度、時(shí)間等因素對(duì)三指標(biāo)的影響，并比較了六種調(diào)和料163℃下的質(zhì)量變化。蒽油、芳烴油和瀝青調(diào)和油對(duì)三指標(biāo)的改善效果明顯。當(dāng)芳烴油用量為20.0wt%時(shí)，處理2.5h，改性瀝青的軟化點(diǎn)47.3℃，針入度72.110-1mm，延度117.0cm。瀝青調(diào)和油用量為12.0wt%~16.0wt%時(shí)，，140℃處理3.0h，改性瀝青的三指標(biāo)滿足70號(hào)道路瀝青的要求。六種調(diào)和料的163℃下的質(zhì)量損失由低到高依次是芳烴油、瀝青調(diào)和油、渣油、油漿、II蒽油、I蒽油。 其次采用高嶺土、伊利石和凹凸棒土等粘土礦物改善耐老化性。比較了不同粘土改性瀝青的老化前后的性能，并討論了高嶺土的用量對(duì)軟化點(diǎn)、延度、163℃下的質(zhì)量變化及老化性能的影響。高嶺土改性瀝青的耐老化性優(yōu)于伊利石。隨著高嶺土用量的增加，延度明顯下降，163℃下的質(zhì)量變化先減小后趨于穩(wěn)定。當(dāng)高嶺土用量為7.5wt%時(shí)，軟化點(diǎn)43.6℃，延度111.4cm，163℃下的質(zhì)量變化4.5%；老化后延度下降77.3%，與純?yōu)r青相比，延度的變化幅度減小19.5%。
[Abstract]:At present, the petroleum asphalt resources used in road construction are tight, while the disadvantages of heavy coal tar, such as low safety, poor ductility and easy aging, restrict its application in road. Therefore, the modification of heavy coal tar is studied. It is of great significance for environmental protection and road development to improve its safety and basic performance of road application. In the study of the safety of heavy coal tar, the chemical method and physical method were used to modify it, and the amount of catalyst was discussed, in which formaldehyde was used as modifier and H _ 2SO _ 4 as catalyst. The effect of reaction temperature and other factors on the decrease of BaP. The decrease rate of bap increased first and then decreased with the increase of reaction temperature, when the amount of formaldehyde was 1.0 mol, the amount of catalyst was 5.0 wtand 85 鈩

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