本文選題：橋梁抗震　切入點：鋼筋混凝土橋墩　出處：《大連理工大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：鋼筋混凝土橋墩在地震荷載作用下,遭受彎剪耦合作用而導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重震害,發(fā)展此類構(gòu)件抗震數(shù)值分析模型,是揭示橋梁地震破壞機理、認(rèn)識橋梁抗震能力的前提和保證。本文在總結(jié)國內(nèi)外歷次大地震中鋼筋混凝土橋墩震害及橋墩抗震數(shù)值模型研究進展的基礎(chǔ)上,進一步發(fā)展了彎剪耦合作用下鋼筋混凝土橋墩抗震非線性數(shù)值分析方法,基于OpenSees數(shù)值分析平臺,建立了考慮彎曲效應(yīng)、剪切效應(yīng)和縱筋拔出效應(yīng)的數(shù)值模型,通過對比試驗結(jié)果,證明了模型的準(zhǔn)確性,最后通過該模型,對不規(guī)則排架橋墩進行了抗震性能分析。本文主要工作和認(rèn)識如下： 1.為了研究縱筋拔出對鋼筋混凝土橋墩抗震性能的影響,基于OpenSees軟件中的纖維梁柱單元和零長度截面單元,建立了彎曲破壞為主的鋼筋混凝土橋墩抗震非線性數(shù)值分析模型,通過修正模型中零長度截面單元內(nèi)的鋼筋纖維和混凝土纖維的本構(gòu)關(guān)系,以合理考慮試件彎曲與縱筋拔出變形的耦合作用,最終通過對Lehman完成的試件滯回曲線、各變形成分的模擬分析,驗證了模型的準(zhǔn)確性,為合理評估彎曲破壞橋墩抗震能力提供了依據(jù)。 2.搜集整理了36個以彎剪破壞和剪切破壞為主的,且截面為圓形的鋼筋混凝土橋墩抗震擬靜力試驗數(shù)據(jù),基于OpenSees數(shù)值分析平臺并結(jié)合試驗獲得的滯回曲線,進行了目標(biāo)位移下的循環(huán)Pushover推覆分析,從而分離了橋墩發(fā)生剪切破壞時塑性鉸區(qū)墩底轉(zhuǎn)角,并通過多元線性回歸分析的方法,建立了圓形截面橋墩發(fā)生剪切破壞時墩底轉(zhuǎn)角計算公式。最后通過OpenSees數(shù)值分析平臺建立了考慮橋墩彎-剪-軸力耦合效應(yīng)的數(shù)值分析模型,以12個剪切效應(yīng)控制的圓形截面橋墩擬靜力試驗結(jié)果為依據(jù),對數(shù)值模型的準(zhǔn)確性進行了驗證。 3.在完成的擬靜力試驗基礎(chǔ)上,基于OpenSees分析平臺建立了無粘結(jié)預(yù)應(yīng)力鋼筋混凝土橋墩抗震數(shù)值分析模型,采用非線性纖維梁柱單元模擬橋墩的彎曲變形,采用修正的壓力場理論計算試件剪切變形并通過剪切彈簧模擬,通過零長度轉(zhuǎn)動彈簧模擬縱筋拔出變形,三者共同考慮試件在地震下的彎-剪-軸力耦合作用。將模擬得到的試件滯回曲線、骨架曲線、預(yù)應(yīng)力筋應(yīng)力和殘余位移等與試驗結(jié)果進行了對比,同時將模擬得到的墩頂彎曲變形、縱筋拔出變形和剪切變形進行了分離。結(jié)果表明該模型可對豎向配置無粘結(jié)預(yù)應(yīng)力筋鋼筋混凝土橋墩的抗震性能進行準(zhǔn)確的模擬分析。 4.以云南省大理-麗江高速公路水東瓜山2號大橋工程為背景,從工程實踐應(yīng)用角度(不考慮剪切效應(yīng))和基于前述數(shù)值模型角度(考慮剪切效應(yīng)),基于OpenSees分析平臺,建立了不規(guī)則排架橋墩的數(shù)值分析模型,進行了抗震性能分析和非線性靜力分析,研究了排架橋墩墩柱中軸壓比變化情況、荷載-位移關(guān)系、以及橋墩塑性鉸形成時刻等。為此類橋墩抗震性能評估提供工程可接受與精細化分析手段。
[Abstract]:Reinforced concrete bridge piers under earthquake loading, subjected to shear bending coupling effect and cause serious damage, the numerical analysis model of the development of this component is to reveal the bridge seismic, earthquake damage mechanism, the premise and the guarantee of understanding the bridge seismic capacity. Based on the summary of previous research progress at home and abroad based seismic design of reinforced concrete pier and pier seismic numerical model of earthquake on the further development of the method of numerical analysis of nonlinear bending shear of reinforced concrete bridge pier seismic coupling, analysis platform based on OpenSees numerical model considering the effect of bending, shear and pull-out effect of longitudinal reinforcement effect numerical model, by comparing the test results, the accuracy of the model was proved by the model, finally, the earthquake the performance analysis of irregular bent pier. The main work of this paper are as follows:
1. in order to study the longitudinal pull-out effect on seismic performance of reinforced concrete bridge piers, OpenSees software in fiber beam column element and zero length section unit based on a nonlinear analysis model of bending failure of reinforced concrete bridge pier seismic numerical based, the constitutive relation of steel fiber concrete and fiber length zero correction model in section unit. The reasonable consideration to the specimen bending and longitudinal reinforcement pullout coupling deformation, finally on the hysteretic curves Lehman, simulation analysis of the deformation of the components, verify the accuracy of the model, provides the basis for assessing bending seismic capacity of pier damage.
2. collect 36 in bending shear failure and shear failure of reinforced concrete bridge piers and seismic quasi-static test data for circular cross-section, OpenSees numerical analysis platform and combined test hysteretic curves are analyzed based on the target displacement under cyclic Pushover nappe, and pier shear plastic hinge of pier bottom corner separation, and through the method of multivariate linear regression analysis, circular cross-section pier shear pier bottom angle calculation formula is established. Finally, through the numerical analysis of OpenSees platform to build the pier bending shear - numerical analysis model of coupling effect of axial force, with circular section piers control 12 shear effect the pseudo static test results as the basis, the accuracy of the numerical model is verified.
3. in the quasi static test based on the OpenSees analysis platform for the establishment of the unbonded prestressed reinforced concrete bridge pier seismic numerical analysis model based on the nonlinear bending deformation of fiber beam column element to simulate the pier, calculating the shear deformation and the shear spring is simulated by the modified compression field theory, through the simulation of longitudinal zero length spring rotation pull out the deformation of three joint specimens under earthquake considering bending shear and axial force coupling. The hysteretic curves, skeleton curves obtained by simulation, reinforcement stress and residual displacement were compared with the experimental results, and the simulation results of the pier top bending deformation, longitudinal reinforcement pull the deformation and shear deformation were isolated. The results show that the simulation analysis of the accuracy of the seismic performance of the model of unbonded prestressed tendons reinforced concrete piers on the vertical configuration.
4. in Yunnan Province, Dali Lijiang Expressway East Mountain No. 2 bridge project as the background, from the perspective of application engineering practice (without considering shear effect) and the numerical model based on the angle (including shear effect), on the basis of OpenSees, a numerical analysis model for bent pier irregular, analyzed the seismic performance analysis and the nonlinear static, study frame bridge pier column axial compression ratio, load displacement relationship, and pier form plastic hinge moment. Acceptance and fine analysis method can provide engineering properties of this kind of bridge pier seismic evaluation.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U442.55

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