本文選題：高速公路　切入點(diǎn)：施工作業(yè)區(qū)　出處：《重慶交通大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：高速公路施工作業(yè)區(qū)是為高速公路養(yǎng)護(hù)和維修作業(yè)而設(shè)置的特殊交通管理區(qū)域。由于高速公路施工作業(yè)過程通常并不中斷交通，施工路段受施工作業(yè)的影響比較大，往往出現(xiàn)車道數(shù)量減少并存在車輛合流、跟馳和分流等復(fù)雜運(yùn)行狀況，路段通行能力下降、交通延誤加劇、交通事故率上升。高速公路施工作業(yè)區(qū)已成為交通障礙和新的事故危險(xiǎn)源，是高速公路常發(fā)性交通擁擠和誘發(fā)各類交通事故的主要區(qū)域之一。施工作業(yè)區(qū)的交通安全與暢通問題已成為交通管理者、汽車駕駛?cè)撕蜕鐣?huì)公眾非常關(guān)心的問題。 本文通過對高速公路施工作業(yè)區(qū)道路、交通特性的全面分析，進(jìn)一步闡述了高速公路施工作業(yè)區(qū)的交通安全隱患和控制段劃分方法，并根據(jù)高速公路施工作業(yè)區(qū)的安保要求和減少交通擁堵的需要，深入研究了施工作業(yè)區(qū)各控制段長度的確定方法，提出了高速公路施工作業(yè)區(qū)中警告段、過渡段、緩沖段、終止段長度計(jì)算公式和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，采用成本-費(fèi)用函數(shù)和仿真方法，建立了施工作業(yè)段合理長度計(jì)算模型。在此基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合高速公路施工作業(yè)區(qū)的特點(diǎn)和安全運(yùn)行要求，系統(tǒng)研究了高速公路施工作業(yè)區(qū)的安全保障技術(shù)與措施，對高速公路施工作業(yè)區(qū)交通標(biāo)志、標(biāo)線、車道分隔設(shè)施、防撞設(shè)施設(shè)置以及速度控制技術(shù)等問題進(jìn)行了深入研究，建立了交通標(biāo)志視認(rèn)模型，，提出了標(biāo)志設(shè)置位置、重復(fù)設(shè)置次數(shù)及重復(fù)設(shè)置間隔等關(guān)鍵技術(shù)參數(shù)，并對施工作業(yè)區(qū)的限速標(biāo)準(zhǔn)與速度控制措施等問題進(jìn)行了研究，提出了分段限速標(biāo)準(zhǔn)與相應(yīng)的速度控制措施，為高速公路施工作業(yè)區(qū)交通管理提供了技術(shù)指導(dǎo)。最后，應(yīng)用層次分析法和模糊綜合評價(jià)法，從系統(tǒng)完善的角度對施工作業(yè)區(qū)交通安全設(shè)施設(shè)置效果（合理性和有效性）進(jìn)行了量化評價(jià)，構(gòu)建了效果評價(jià)指標(biāo)體系和評價(jià)模型及標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。 本文的上述研究成果在江西昌九高速公路養(yǎng)護(hù)施工中進(jìn)行了具體應(yīng)用，結(jié)果表明，文中所提出的施工作業(yè)區(qū)各控制段長度確定方法符合實(shí)際和需要，對減少施工路段的交通擁堵、降低交通事故率具有明顯的作用和效果；提出的施工作業(yè)區(qū)交通安全保障技術(shù)及安全設(shè)施布設(shè)方案是合理和有效的，對高速公路施工作業(yè)區(qū)的交通管理和安全保障有很強(qiáng)的理論指導(dǎo)和實(shí)際參考價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:Expressway construction operation area is a special traffic management area for expressway maintenance and maintenance. Because the expressway construction operation process usually does not interrupt traffic, the construction section is greatly affected by the construction operation. Often, the number of lanes is reduced and there are complex operation conditions such as vehicle convergence, car-following and shunting, and so on. The traffic capacity of road sections decreases and traffic delays are aggravated. The traffic accident rate has risen. The expressway construction work area has become a traffic obstacle and a new accident hazard source. It is one of the main areas where traffic congestion and traffic accidents occur frequently in expressway. The problem of traffic safety and smooth flow in construction operation area has become a problem of great concern to traffic managers, automobile drivers and the public. Based on the comprehensive analysis of the road and traffic characteristics of the expressway construction work area, this paper further expounds the hidden trouble of traffic safety and the division method of the control section in the expressway construction work area. According to the security requirements of the expressway construction operation area and the need to reduce traffic congestion, the method of determining the length of each control section in the construction operation area is studied in depth, and the warning section, transition section and buffer section in the expressway construction operation area are put forward. Based on the formula and standard of the length calculation of the termination section, the reasonable length calculation model of the construction operation section is established by using the cost-cost function and the simulation method. On this basis, the characteristics and safe operation requirements of the expressway construction work area are combined. This paper systematically studies the safety protection technology and measures of the expressway construction work area, and makes a deep research on the traffic signs, marking lines, lane separation facilities, anti-collision facilities and speed control technology in the expressway construction work area. The traffic sign recognition model is established, and the key technical parameters, such as the location of sign setting, the times of repeated setting and the interval of repeated setting, are put forward, and the speed limit standard and speed control measures in the construction work area are studied. The speed limit standard and corresponding speed control measures are put forward in order to provide technical guidance for traffic management in expressway construction work area. Finally, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method are applied. From the point of view of system perfection, this paper quantitatively evaluates the effect (rationality and validity) of traffic safety facilities in construction operation area, and constructs the evaluation index system, evaluation model and standard. The above research results of this paper have been applied in the maintenance construction of Jiangxi Changjiu Expressway. The results show that the method of determining the length of each control section in the construction operation area is in line with the actual situation and needs. It has obvious effect and effect to reduce traffic congestion and traffic accident rate of construction section, and the proposed scheme of traffic safety guarantee technology and safety installation in construction operation area is reasonable and effective. It has strong theoretical guidance and practical reference value for the traffic management and safety guarantee of expressway construction operation area.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U415;U491

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