本文關(guān)鍵詞： 橋梁檢測維護(hù)策略 Gamma過程 全壽命周期成本 鋼筋銹蝕 疲勞裂紋 優(yōu)化 遺傳算法　出處：《中南大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：摘要：我國目前正處于大規(guī)模橋梁建設(shè)階段,橋梁在環(huán)境和車輛等荷載共同作用下其使用性能不斷退化,而與之相對的則是不斷增長的荷載。隨著使用時間的增加,結(jié)構(gòu)的失效概率將逐漸變大。為了保證橋梁的正常使用性能,在其運(yùn)營階段必須進(jìn)行必要的檢測和維護(hù)。然而,面對量大面廣的橋梁結(jié)構(gòu),橋梁管理部門擁有的維護(hù)資源是有限的,如何使用有限的資源來獲得最大的社會和經(jīng)濟(jì)效益是業(yè)主們普遍關(guān)心的問題。本文采用Gamma過程模擬橋梁使用性能退化以考慮使用性能退化的不確定性；同時考慮檢測手段的不確定性和不同的維護(hù)措施對結(jié)構(gòu)使用壽命的影響,以最大化結(jié)構(gòu)使用壽命和最小化檢測維護(hù)成本為目標(biāo),建立了基于Gamma過程的橋梁檢測維護(hù)策略多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化計(jì)算模型,采用遺傳算法計(jì)算得到了該優(yōu)化問題的Pareto優(yōu)化解集,可以為業(yè)主或者橋梁管理單位制定檢測維護(hù)計(jì)劃提供依據(jù)。 論文的主要研究工作包括： 1.介紹了Gamma過程的基本原理以及模擬退化過程的計(jì)算方法,將結(jié)構(gòu)使用性能退化到預(yù)設(shè)極限值的時間作為結(jié)構(gòu)的使用壽命預(yù)測值�？紤]橋梁檢測的不確定性以及不同的維護(hù)措施對結(jié)構(gòu)使用性能的影響,使用決策樹模型計(jì)算不同檢測維護(hù)策略下基于概率的橋梁的最終使用壽命。 2.將橋梁全壽命周期檢測維護(hù)成本分為檢測成本、維護(hù)成本和失效風(fēng)險(xiǎn)成本,考慮橋梁檢測的不確定性,根據(jù)決策樹模型計(jì)算得到不同檢測維護(hù)策略下的檢測維護(hù)的總成本。以最大化結(jié)構(gòu)使用壽命和最小化檢測維護(hù)成本為目標(biāo)函數(shù),建立了橋梁檢測維護(hù)策略的多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化計(jì)算模型。 3.以廣西鐵山港大橋30m跨鋼筋混凝土板梁為工程背景,采用氯離子侵蝕引起的鋼筋局部銹蝕深度表征結(jié)構(gòu)的使用性能的退化程度；采用Gamma過程模擬其性能退化,對空心板底部鋼筋銹蝕的檢測方法、檢測時間以及維護(hù)決策指標(biāo)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化計(jì)算,得到了Pareto優(yōu)化解集。計(jì)算結(jié)果表明：Pareto優(yōu)化解集可以為制定混凝土橋中鋼筋銹蝕的檢測維護(hù)策略提供依據(jù),業(yè)主可以根據(jù)自身預(yù)算以及對結(jié)構(gòu)的使用壽命期望選擇相應(yīng)的決策策略。 4.以某鋼箱梁縱向加勁肋的疲勞檢測維護(hù)為例,采用構(gòu)件中疲勞裂紋長度表征結(jié)構(gòu)的使用性能的退化程度；采用Gamma過程模擬其性能退化,對鋼橋的疲勞裂紋維護(hù)措施、維護(hù)時間進(jìn)行優(yōu)化計(jì)算,得到了Pareto優(yōu)化解集。計(jì)算結(jié)果表明：本文所提出的方法也可以用于鋼橋構(gòu)件疲勞的檢測維護(hù)策略優(yōu)化計(jì)算,Pareto優(yōu)化解集可以為制定鋼橋構(gòu)件的疲勞檢測維護(hù)策略提供依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Absrtact: at present, our country is in the large-scale bridge construction stage, the bridge under the environment and the vehicle and so on load joint action uses the performance to degenerate unceasingly, but the opposite is the increasing load. In order to ensure the normal service performance of the bridge, it is necessary to carry out necessary inspection and maintenance during the operation phase. However, in the face of a wide range of bridge structures, Bridge management has limited maintenance resources, How to use limited resources to obtain the maximum social and economic benefits is a common concern of the owners. In this paper, the Gamma process is used to simulate the degradation of bridge performance to consider the uncertainty of performance degradation. At the same time, considering the uncertainty of the testing method and the influence of different maintenance measures on the service life of the structure, the aim is to maximize the service life of the structure and minimize the cost of inspection and maintenance. The multi-objective optimization calculation model of bridge detection and maintenance strategy based on Gamma process is established, and the Pareto optimization solution set of the optimization problem is obtained by using genetic algorithm, which can provide the basis for the owner or the bridge management unit to formulate the inspection and maintenance plan. The main research work of the thesis includes:. 1. The basic principle of Gamma process and the calculation method of simulating degenerate process are introduced. Considering the uncertainty of bridge detection and the influence of different maintenance measures on the service performance of the structure, the time when the performance of the structure is degraded to the preset limit value is taken as the prediction value of the service life of the structure. Decision tree model is used to calculate the final service life of probabilistic bridges under different detection and maintenance strategies. 2. The whole life cycle detection and maintenance cost of bridge is divided into detection cost, maintenance cost and failure risk cost, and the uncertainty of bridge detection is considered. According to the decision tree model, the total cost of detection and maintenance under different detection and maintenance strategies is calculated, and the objective function is to maximize the service life of the structure and minimize the cost of detection and maintenance. A multi-objective optimization model of bridge detection and maintenance strategy is established. 3. Taking the 30m span reinforced concrete slab beam of Tieshangang Bridge in Guangxi as the engineering background, the local corrosion depth of steel bar caused by chloride ion erosion is used to characterize the degradation degree of the performance of the structure, and the Gamma process is used to simulate the degradation of the structure's performance. The detection method, detection time and maintenance decision index of steel bar corrosion at the bottom of hollow slab are optimized and calculated. The optimal solution set of Pareto is obtained. The calculation results show that the solution set can provide a basis for the determination and maintenance of steel corrosion in concrete bridges. The owner can choose the corresponding decision strategy according to his own budget and the life expectancy of the structure. 4. Taking the fatigue detection and maintenance of longitudinal stiffener of a steel box girder as an example, the fatigue crack length in the member is used to characterize the degradation degree of the structural performance, and the Gamma process is used to simulate the degradation of the performance and the maintenance measures for the fatigue crack of the steel bridge. The maintenance time is calculated optimally. The results show that the method presented in this paper can also be used to optimize the fatigue detection and maintenance strategy of steel bridge members. The Pareto optimal solution set can provide a basis for the formulation of fatigue detection and maintenance strategies for steel bridge members.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U445.7

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本文編號：1552058