本文關(guān)鍵詞： 橋梁 監(jiān)測 粗差 時間序列 GeoCOM　出處：《合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：大跨度拱橋無論是在施工期間還是在運(yùn)營維護(hù)期間都承受著各種因素的干擾，諸如安裝的失誤、遭遇惡劣天氣以及繁重的交通壓力等等很多不可預(yù)估的影響，它們給橋梁的質(zhì)量和結(jié)構(gòu)的安全帶來極大的威脅。所以，實(shí)施實(shí)時動態(tài)監(jiān)測已經(jīng)成為維護(hù)大跨度拱橋的必要手段，而集成自動化監(jiān)測、變形預(yù)測和模態(tài)參數(shù)識別等功能的監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)必將成為未來研究大跨度拱橋監(jiān)測的重要方向。 本文基于測量機(jī)器人提供的GeoCOM接口技術(shù)，主要論述了建立完善的監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)所需要的基礎(chǔ)原理、重點(diǎn)環(huán)節(jié)和關(guān)鍵技術(shù)。包括監(jiān)測控制網(wǎng)的基準(zhǔn)、監(jiān)測的影響因素、數(shù)據(jù)的處理分析環(huán)節(jié)、基于時間序列的預(yù)測分析和模態(tài)參數(shù)的識別以及GeoCOM接口技術(shù)開發(fā)的原理和流程等內(nèi)容。在監(jiān)測控制網(wǎng)建立部分討論了兩種平面基準(zhǔn)的轉(zhuǎn)換方法以及四種適用于橋梁監(jiān)測的高程基準(zhǔn)擬合方法；在監(jiān)測基本原理中主要介紹全站儀三角高程以及測平面坐標(biāo)的原理，重點(diǎn)研究了怎么樣消除大氣折光的影響；在數(shù)據(jù)處理環(huán)節(jié)，提出了“跳躍點(diǎn)”法代替?zhèn)鹘y(tǒng)的方法剔除粗差，并且結(jié)合實(shí)例提供一種能較好地表達(dá)橋梁形態(tài)變形的計算方法，即把拱度變化和中軸線偏移作為成果數(shù)據(jù)；基于時間序列的分析和預(yù)測主要講述了建立平穩(wěn)的時間序列所需要的步驟并且舉例說明采用AR模型進(jìn)行預(yù)測的效果，隨后又對ITD法進(jìn)行模態(tài)參數(shù)進(jìn)行了簡單的分析；最后，作為最為核心的基于GeoCOM接口技術(shù)的開發(fā)環(huán)節(jié)，本文主要從其原理、主要流程和功能詳細(xì)設(shè)計進(jìn)行了論述和研究，，為自動化監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)的建立提供了扎實(shí)的理論基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:Both during construction and during operation and maintenance, long-span arch bridges are affected by various factors, such as installation errors, severe weather and heavy traffic pressure, and so on. They pose a great threat to the quality of bridges and the safety of structures. Therefore, the implementation of real-time dynamic monitoring has become a necessary means of maintaining long-span arch bridges, and integrated automatic monitoring. The monitoring system with the functions of deformation prediction and modal parameter identification will become an important direction in the future research of long-span arch bridge monitoring. Based on the GeoCOM interface technology provided by the measuring robot, this paper mainly discusses the basic principles, key links and key technologies needed to establish a perfect monitoring system, including the datum of the monitoring control network and the influencing factors of the monitoring. Data processing and analysis, The prediction analysis based on time series and modal parameter identification, as well as the principle and flow of GeoCOM interface technology development are discussed. In the part of monitoring and control network establishment, the conversion methods of two kinds of plane datum and four kinds suitable for bridge are discussed. The height datum fitting method for beam monitoring; In the basic principle of monitoring, this paper mainly introduces the principle of total station trigonometric elevation and plane coordinate measurement, emphatically studies how to eliminate the influence of atmospheric refraction, and puts forward the method of "jumping point" instead of traditional method to eliminate gross error in data processing. A calculation method which can better express the shape deformation of bridge is provided with examples, that is to say, the variation of arch and the offset of central axis are taken as the result data. The analysis and prediction based on time series mainly describe the steps needed to establish a stable time series and illustrate the prediction effect of AR model with examples. Then the modal parameters of ITD method are analyzed simply. As the most core development link based on GeoCOM interface technology, this paper mainly discusses and studies its principle, main process and function design, which provides a solid theoretical basis for the establishment of automatic monitoring system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U446

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本文編號：1544011