本文關(guān)鍵詞： 高速公路 交通噪聲 預(yù)測方法 工程應(yīng)用　出處：《長安大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：近年來，隨著高速公路的通車?yán)锍毯吐肪W(wǎng)密度不斷增加,其通行能力和服務(wù)水平也不斷提高；汽車保有量日益遞增，其設(shè)計標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和設(shè)計速度不斷趨向高值；車流量增大或車速加快，其運營期間產(chǎn)生的交通噪聲不同程度地影響著沿線居民的生活和工作以及環(huán)境敏感區(qū)，且噪聲污染極其嚴(yán)重。為保護公路兩側(cè)的聲環(huán)境質(zhì)量和防治高速公路運營期的噪聲污染，有關(guān)部門需要開展聲環(huán)境影響評價工作，其核心工作是科學(xué)準(zhǔn)確地預(yù)測交通噪聲。因此，噪聲預(yù)測模式的選取、參數(shù)的確定及其預(yù)測精度尤為重要。 目前，有關(guān)政府部門在聲環(huán)境影響評價中經(jīng)常采用的道路交通噪聲預(yù)測模型為：環(huán)保部在《環(huán)境影響評價技術(shù)導(dǎo)則—聲環(huán)境》（HJ2.4—2009）中推薦的模型（即2009導(dǎo)則模型）和交通運輸部在《公路建設(shè)項目環(huán)境影響評價規(guī)范》（JTGB03-2006）中推薦的模型（即2006規(guī)范模型）。但是兩種預(yù)測模型都各有缺陷，其中導(dǎo)則模型沒有確定聲源源強和車速的計算方法，而規(guī)范模型中噪聲傳播的影響因素考慮不全面，其它衰減量計算公式也有一定的限制性，導(dǎo)致預(yù)測評價結(jié)果的精度偏低，還有待進(jìn)一步提高。 基于以上存在的問題，本論文以云南武昆高速公路為監(jiān)測對象，通過對比分析“2009導(dǎo)則模型”和“2006規(guī)范模型”在高速公路不同監(jiān)測路段、不同斷面監(jiān)測點、不同車流量、不同距離和高差、不同地面狀況和地形環(huán)境條件以及不同道路狀況下的預(yù)測結(jié)果，將兩種預(yù)測模式的預(yù)測值和實測值進(jìn)行對比分析以及預(yù)測精度的研究，確定預(yù)測模式的誤差值，分析誤差存在的原因，得出“2009導(dǎo)則模型”的預(yù)測結(jié)果和實測值更接近，并指出預(yù)測模式需要修正的理由和內(nèi)容。通過查閱大量文獻(xiàn)和實測工作，并結(jié)合兩種預(yù)測模式的優(yōu)點，對導(dǎo)則模型進(jìn)行一定的修正和完善，同時將修正后模式和實測值比較以及修正前模式對比，驗證修正模型的合理性和準(zhǔn)確性，，最終得出該修正模型的適用性和精確性較好。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the increase of highway mileage and road network density, the capacity and service level of freeway have been improved, the number of vehicles is increasing day by day, the design standard and design speed of freeway are more and more high. With the increase of the traffic flow or the acceleration of the speed of the vehicle, the traffic noise produced during its operation affects the life and work of the residents along the route and the sensitive areas of the environment to varying degrees. And the noise pollution is extremely serious. In order to protect the sound environment quality on both sides of the highway and to prevent and cure the noise pollution in the expressway operation period, the departments concerned need to carry out the sound environment impact assessment work. The key task is to predict traffic noise scientifically and accurately, so it is very important to select the prediction mode, determine the parameters and predict the accuracy. At present, The road traffic noise prediction models often used by relevant government departments in acoustical environmental impact assessment are: the models recommended by the Ministry of Environmental Protection in the Technical guidelines for Environmental impact Assessment-Acoustic Environment (HJ2.4-2009) and traffic transportation. The model recommended by the Ministry of Transportation in the "Environmental impact Assessment Code for Highway Construction Project" (JTGB03-2006) (I. E. the 2006 Specification Model), however, each of the two prediction models has its own defects. The guide model does not determine the calculation method of sound source strength and speed, but the influence factors of noise propagation in the normative model are not fully considered, and other attenuation calculation formulas are also limited, which leads to the low accuracy of the prediction and evaluation results. There is still room for further improvement. Based on the above problems, this paper takes the Wu-Kun Expressway in Yunnan Province as the monitoring object, through the comparative analysis of "2009 guideline Model" and "2006 Standard Model" in different sections of highway monitoring, different cross-section monitoring points, different traffic flow. The prediction results of different distance and height difference, different ground condition, terrain environment condition and different road condition are compared and analyzed, and the precision of prediction is studied. The error value of prediction model is determined, the reason of error is analyzed, the prediction result of "2009 guideline model" is more close to the measured value, and the reason and content of forecasting model need to be revised are pointed out. Combined with the advantages of the two prediction models, the guide model is modified and perfected, and the modified model is compared with the measured values and the pre-revised model to verify the rationality and accuracy of the modified model. Finally, it is concluded that the modified model has good applicability and accuracy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U491.91

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本文編號：1530618