本文關(guān)鍵詞： 超聲波檢測儀 瀝青路面 傳播衰減 粘彈性 實驗研究　出處：《長安大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著我國現(xiàn)代交通的快速發(fā)展，高速公路在經(jīng)濟建設(shè)、社會發(fā)展等方面發(fā)揮著重要作用，這也促進了公路工程質(zhì)量檢測技術(shù)向無破壞性、快速化、簡便化方面發(fā)展�；炷脸暡z測儀用于瀝青路面施工質(zhì)量檢測屬于路面無損檢測技術(shù)的新發(fā)展方向，但目前超聲波無損檢測技術(shù)在國內(nèi)尚處于嘗試利用階段，針對瀝青混凝土路面的理論研究及實際路面檢測尚屬空白。因此本人開展了相關(guān)方面的研究，期望能夠使超聲波無損檢測技術(shù)理論研究及其應(yīng)用得到一定程度的拓展，本論文的研究思路及主要研究內(nèi)容如下： （1）從有損檢測和無損檢測兩個方面總結(jié)瀝青混凝土路面密度檢測的各類技術(shù)，對不同的密度檢測技術(shù)工作原理進行分析，重點闡述了超聲波檢測儀的基本工作原理，并對比分析各類瀝青路面密度檢測技術(shù)的優(yōu)缺點及其適用范圍。 （2）基于彈性固體的波動理論與超聲波在粘彈性材料中的傳播特性，建立超聲波在瀝青路面中傳播的模型，分析超聲波在瀝青混凝土路面中的傳播衰減規(guī)律，，分析并推導(dǎo)了瀝青混凝土路面粘彈性對超聲波的衰減作用以及粘彈性介質(zhì)與超聲波速度的關(guān)系式。 （3）分析瀝青路面中超聲波出現(xiàn)散射的原因及散射衰減規(guī)律，引入等效入射場及散射場模型，分析等效散射場之間相互作用及其衍生聲場對超聲波傳播的影響因素，并推導(dǎo)出超聲波散射所產(chǎn)生的等效入射場、散射場的聲場關(guān)系式，探究分析了超聲波在瀝青路面中發(fā)生散射對檢測結(jié)果的影響。 （4）分析了超聲波內(nèi)摩擦所帶來的吸收衰減，通過推導(dǎo)分布約束的微分方程，解釋了超聲波高頻部分穿透性強于低頻部分的原因，以及分析路面孔隙率對超聲波衰減的影響因素。 （5）闡述混凝土超聲波檢測儀的儀器參數(shù)和測量特性，研究超聲波檢測儀的標定及測試方法，將理論和實驗相結(jié)合分析影響超聲波檢測儀測試的因素，以及研究探討超聲波檢測儀用于瀝青混路面壓實度測試的可靠性和準確度，提出超聲波檢測路面應(yīng)注意和改善的地方。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of modern traffic in China, expressway plays an important role in economic construction and social development, which also promotes the highway engineering quality detection technology to be non-destructive and rapid. The application of concrete ultrasonic detector in asphalt pavement construction quality detection belongs to the new development direction of pavement nondestructive testing technology, but at present the ultrasonic nondestructive testing technology is still in the stage of trial and use in our country. The theoretical research and practical pavement detection of asphalt concrete pavement are still blank. Therefore, I have carried out the relevant research in order to make the theoretical research and application of ultrasonic nondestructive testing technology expand to a certain extent. The research ideas and main contents of this thesis are as follows:. 1) summing up all kinds of technology of density detection of asphalt concrete pavement from two aspects of lossy detection and nondestructive testing, analyzing the working principle of different density detection technology, and emphatically expounding the basic working principle of ultrasonic testing instrument. The advantages and disadvantages of various asphalt pavement density detection techniques and their application range are compared and analyzed. 2) based on the wave theory of elastic solids and the propagation characteristics of ultrasonic wave in viscoelastic materials, a model of ultrasonic wave propagation in asphalt pavement is established, and the attenuation law of ultrasonic wave propagation in asphalt concrete pavement is analyzed. The attenuation effect of viscoelasticity on ultrasonic wave and the relationship between viscoelastic medium and ultrasonic velocity of asphalt concrete pavement are analyzed and deduced. This paper analyzes the cause and attenuation of ultrasonic scattering in asphalt pavement, introduces the equivalent incident field and scattering field model, and analyzes the interaction between the equivalent scattering field and the influence factors of the derived sound field on the ultrasonic propagation. The relationship between the equivalent incident field and the scattering field produced by ultrasonic scattering is derived, and the influence of ultrasonic scattering in asphalt pavement on the detection results is analyzed. In this paper, the absorption attenuation caused by ultrasonic internal friction is analyzed, the differential equation of distribution constraint is deduced, the reason that the penetration of ultrasonic wave in high frequency is stronger than that in low frequency is explained, and the influencing factors of pavement porosity on ultrasonic attenuation are analyzed. The instrument parameters and measurement characteristics of the concrete ultrasonic detector are described, the calibration and testing methods of the ultrasonic detector are studied, and the factors influencing the ultrasonic testing are analyzed by combining the theory with the experiment. The reliability and accuracy of ultrasonic testing instrument used in compaction testing of asphalt mixed pavement are discussed. The points for attention and improvement of ultrasonic testing pavement are put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U416.21

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