本文關鍵詞：高速公路護欄端頭碰撞能量衰減裝置性能模擬仿真研究　出處：《東北林業(yè)大學》2014年博士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 高速公路 護欄端頭 碰撞能量 衰減裝置 有限元分析 模擬仿真

【摘要】：汽車數(shù)量和高速公路修建里程數(shù)的相繼增加,直接導致了交通事故數(shù)的大幅度提高。其中汽車與護欄碰撞、刮擦或者直接越出道路外所造成的事故導致了嚴重的生命財產(chǎn)損失。因此,改進高速公路護欄及護欄端頭現(xiàn)有的結構形式,研究分析高速公路交通安全設施的工作具有非常重要的理論意義和實際應用價值。 首先,本論文基于國內(nèi)外的護欄研究現(xiàn)狀和評價標準,結合我國道路防護設施的實際需要,研究和分析并總結出適合我國道路條件的護欄端頭研究內(nèi)容、研究方法、技術路線。 其次,本文擬采用計算機仿真法進行研究,應用Pro/Engineer軟件和ANSYS/workbench、LS-DYNA軟件進行建模、靜力加載試驗和動力仿真試驗。對汽車-護欄端頭控制理論進行了詳細分析,分析了汽車與護欄碰撞過程的有限元方法基本原理和有關算法,從有限元求解控制方程、單元算法、應力修正、接觸碰撞界面以及時間積分、沙漏控制等方面進行考慮,根據(jù)實際情況選擇適合的控制方程和單元算法,為后續(xù)的車輛與護欄端頭碰撞能量衰減裝置性能研究提供了理論依據(jù)。 本文從高速公路交通安全現(xiàn)狀實際需求和創(chuàng)新的角度出發(fā),研發(fā)了新型半殼體護欄端頭和圓筒護欄端頭結構的高速公路碰撞能量衰減裝置并對其進行計算機模擬仿真和動力學特性的分析研究。應用動力學仿真試驗分析了在不同碰撞條件下的碰撞過程,得到碰撞過程中的應力分布狀態(tài)、變形形成過程與動能轉(zhuǎn)化規(guī)律。給未來開展交通安全設施研究領域人員提供一定的理論參考價值。 根據(jù)護欄耐撞性水平的評價標準及仿真結果分析,本論文研究的兩種高速公路護欄端頭碰撞能量衰減裝置具有良好的端頭整體韌性和緩沖性能,能夠有效的吸收碰撞能量,可以有效的衰減碰撞沖擊力,并盡量避免車輛及車乘人員因承受過大壓力或翻出護欄而發(fā)生嚴重的交通事故。本論文所設計的高速公路護欄端頭碰撞能量衰減裝置具備制造成本低,外表美觀,安裝維修容易等優(yōu)點。該高速公路護欄碰撞能量衰減裝置主要應用在高速公路波形板護欄、混凝土護欄的端部,也可以應用在交通分流處三角地帶、中央分隔帶開口以及隧道入、出口處等位置。研究結果具有良好的市場應用前景。
[Abstract]:The increase of the number of vehicles and the mileage of highway construction has directly led to a large increase in the number of traffic accidents, in which cars collide with guardrail. The accident caused by scraping or crossing the road directly leads to serious loss of life and property. Therefore, improve the existing structure of highway guardrail and guardrail end. It is of great theoretical significance and practical value to study and analyze the work of highway traffic safety facilities. First of all, based on the research status and evaluation standards of guardrail at home and abroad, combined with the actual needs of road protection facilities in China, this paper studies and summarizes the research content of guardrail terminal which is suitable for the road conditions of our country. Research method, technical route. Secondly, this paper uses computer simulation method to study, using Pro/Engineer software and ANSYS / workbench LS-DYNA software to model. Static loading test and dynamic simulation test. The control theory of the end of the automobile-guardrail is analyzed in detail, and the basic principle of the finite element method and the related algorithms are analyzed. From the finite element solution control equation, element algorithm, stress correction, contact collision interface and time integration, hourglass control and other aspects to consider, according to the actual situation, select the appropriate control equation and element algorithm. It provides a theoretical basis for the subsequent research on the performance of the energy attenuation device for the collision between the end of vehicle and the guardrail. This article from the highway traffic safety present situation actual demand and the innovation angle. In this paper, a new type of semi-shell guardrail end and cylinder guardrail end structure for freeway collision energy attenuation device are developed, and the computer simulation and dynamic characteristic analysis are carried out. The dynamic simulation experiment is used to analyze the impact energy attenuation device of freeway. The collision process under different collision conditions. The stress distribution, deformation formation and kinetic energy transformation in collision process are obtained, which provides a certain theoretical reference value for future researchers in the field of traffic safety facilities research. According to the evaluation standard of barrier crashworthiness level and the analysis of simulation results, the two kinds of energy attenuation devices for freeway guardrail end collision studied in this paper have good overall toughness and buffering performance. It can absorb the collision energy effectively and attenuate the impact force effectively. As far as possible to avoid vehicles and car crew due to excessive pressure or fencing out of serious traffic accidents. This paper designed the highway guardrail end impact energy attenuation device with low manufacturing costs. The device is mainly used in the corrugated guardrail, the end of concrete guardrail, and can also be used in the triangulation of traffic diversion. The results of the study have a good prospect of market application.
【學位授予單位】：東北林業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U417.12

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本文編號：1420319