本文關(guān)鍵詞：大跨斜拱橋結(jié)構(gòu)健康監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)與研發(fā)　出處：《大連理工大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 沈陽伯官大橋 結(jié)構(gòu)健康監(jiān)測(cè) 有限元分析 數(shù)據(jù)同步采集 系統(tǒng)集成

【摘要】：近十年來,隨著國民經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,橋梁建設(shè)得到跨越式發(fā)展,一座座大跨橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)如雨后春筍般出現(xiàn)在我國各地。橋梁建成以后,由于車輛荷載和環(huán)境侵蝕等因素影響,將不可避免地發(fā)生累積損傷和疲勞破壞。結(jié)構(gòu)健康監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)通過采集結(jié)構(gòu)與環(huán)境信息,來判斷結(jié)構(gòu)的安全狀況,為解決大跨橋梁的安全服役問題打開了一個(gè)新的突破口。沈陽伯官大橋是我國首座六跨中承式飄帶形提籃斜拱橋,為確保該橋在施工及服役期間的安全,引入結(jié)構(gòu)健康監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)對(duì)其進(jìn)行長期的實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)。本文以沈陽伯官大橋?yàn)楣こ桃劳?對(duì)大跨拱橋在施工及服役期間的健康監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù)進(jìn)行了研究。主要工作內(nèi)容及結(jié)論如下： (1)該橋結(jié)構(gòu)形式新穎,受力復(fù)雜,在分析了其結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)的基礎(chǔ)上,提出了該橋的監(jiān)測(cè)需求。采用大型通用有限元軟件MIDAS/Civil建立了該橋的精細(xì)化三維有限元模型,使用多種單元和邊界約束較好的模擬了大橋的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn),基于多種荷載組合對(duì)大橋進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的數(shù)值模擬計(jì)算,分析得到了大橋的關(guān)鍵受力構(gòu)件和薄弱部位,為傳感器合理選型及優(yōu)化布設(shè)奠定了基礎(chǔ),同時(shí)為監(jiān)測(cè)參量閡值的確定提供了參考依據(jù)。 (2)基于本系統(tǒng)的多功能需求,設(shè)計(jì)了系統(tǒng)的總體架構(gòu),由傳感器子系統(tǒng)、數(shù)據(jù)采集與傳輸子系統(tǒng)、數(shù)據(jù)管理子系統(tǒng)及結(jié)構(gòu)狀況評(píng)估子系統(tǒng)構(gòu)成。根據(jù)數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果,提出了本系統(tǒng)的主要監(jiān)測(cè)項(xiàng)目,包括工作環(huán)境監(jiān)測(cè)、結(jié)構(gòu)靜態(tài)響應(yīng)監(jiān)測(cè)及結(jié)構(gòu)動(dòng)力特性監(jiān)測(cè)三類。然后依據(jù)傳感器選型原則,在分析了各類型傳感器性能特點(diǎn)的基礎(chǔ)上,選出了本系統(tǒng)采用的傳感器類型及性能指標(biāo),為健康監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)的具體實(shí)現(xiàn)奠定了堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。 (3)結(jié)合該橋的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)及數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果,確定了系統(tǒng)的監(jiān)測(cè)方案和傳感器布設(shè)方案,詳細(xì)介紹了系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)過程中的測(cè)點(diǎn)選擇及傳感器的保護(hù)措施。為滿足傳感器數(shù)量多、分布廣、信號(hào)測(cè)量精度和同步性要求高的需求,基于NI CompactRIO平臺(tái)自主研發(fā)了一套分布式結(jié)構(gòu)健康監(jiān)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)同步采集儀器,實(shí)現(xiàn)了多類型傳感器及多終端設(shè)備之間的精準(zhǔn)同步采集�？紤]到本系統(tǒng)傳感器布設(shè)數(shù)量大,數(shù)據(jù)類型繁多,為保證整套系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)效率,采用SQL Server2000作為中心數(shù)據(jù)庫,實(shí)現(xiàn)了數(shù)據(jù)的有效管理及存儲(chǔ)。最后基于LabVIEW軟件平臺(tái)集成了本監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng),該系統(tǒng)成功實(shí)現(xiàn)了數(shù)據(jù)自動(dòng)存儲(chǔ)、自動(dòng)生成系統(tǒng)報(bào)表以及多方式自動(dòng)預(yù)警等功能。 (4)利用光纖光柵傳感器對(duì)施工過程及成橋后的拱座處應(yīng)力進(jìn)行了初步監(jiān)測(cè)。監(jiān)測(cè)結(jié)果表明：施工過程中各測(cè)點(diǎn)應(yīng)力幅度隨施工的推進(jìn)變化較大,成橋后,應(yīng)力變化幅度較小,橋梁受力開始趨于穩(wěn)定。在應(yīng)力監(jiān)測(cè)中,溫度效應(yīng)對(duì)監(jiān)測(cè)結(jié)果影響較大,因此必須進(jìn)行溫度補(bǔ)償以消除溫度的影響。
[Abstract]:In the past ten years, with the development of the national economy, the bridge construction has been developed by leaps and bounds. Due to the influence of vehicle load and environmental erosion, cumulative damage and fatigue damage will inevitably occur. The structure health monitoring system can judge the safety status of the structure by collecting information of structure and environment. In order to solve the problem of safety service of long-span bridge, a new breakthrough has been opened. Shenyang Boguan Bridge is the first six-span through ribbon inclined arch bridge in China, in order to ensure the safety of the bridge during construction and service. The structural health monitoring system is introduced to carry out long-term real-time monitoring. This paper is based on the Boguan Bridge in Shenyang. The health monitoring technology of long span arch bridge during construction and service is studied. The main contents and conclusions are as follows: 1) the structure of the bridge is novel and the force is complex. Based on the analysis of the structural characteristics of the bridge. The monitoring requirements of the bridge are put forward, and the fine three-dimensional finite element model of the bridge is established by using the large-scale general finite element software MIDAS/Civil. The structural characteristics of the bridge are simulated with various elements and boundary constraints. Based on the combination of various loads, the detailed numerical simulation of the bridge is carried out, and the key components and weak parts of the bridge are obtained. It lays a foundation for the reasonable selection and optimization of sensor layout, and provides a reference for the determination of the threshold value of the monitoring parameters. Based on the multifunctional requirements of the system, the overall architecture of the system is designed, which consists of sensor subsystem, data acquisition and transmission subsystem. According to the results of numerical simulation, the main monitoring items of the system, including working environment monitoring, are put forward. There are three kinds of structural static response monitoring and structural dynamic characteristic monitoring. Then, according to the principle of sensor selection, the performance characteristics of each type of sensor are analyzed. The sensor types and performance indexes used in the system are selected, which lays a solid foundation for the realization of the health monitoring system. 3) combined with the structural characteristics of the bridge and the results of numerical simulation, the monitoring scheme and sensor layout scheme of the system are determined. In order to meet the needs of large number of sensors, wide distribution, high precision and synchronization of signal measurement, the selection of measuring points and the protection measures of sensors are introduced in detail. Based on NI CompactRIO platform, a set of distributed health monitoring data synchronous acquisition instrument is developed. The accurate synchronous acquisition between multi-type sensors and multi-terminal devices is realized. Considering the large number of sensors and a wide variety of data types in this system, to ensure the operation efficiency of the whole system. SQL Server2000 is used as the central database to realize the effective management and storage of the data. Finally, the monitoring system is integrated based on the LabVIEW software platform. The system successfully realizes the functions of automatic data storage, automatic generation of system reports and multi-mode automatic warning. (4) the stress of the arch base after completion of the bridge is preliminarily monitored by using the fiber grating sensor. The monitoring results show that the stress amplitude of each measuring point changes greatly with the advance of the construction during the construction process, and after the completion of the bridge. In the stress monitoring, temperature effect has a great influence on the monitoring results, so temperature compensation must be carried out to eliminate the influence of temperature.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：U446

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