本文關(guān)鍵詞：夜間公路隧道出入口段駕駛員眼動特性研究　出處：《長安大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 公路隧道 駕駛員 眼動特性 隧道出入口段 夜間

【摘要】：隨著交通事業(yè)的發(fā)展和技術(shù)的進步，我國公路隧道通車里程逐年增加。交通事故資料表明，公路隧道出入口段夜間事故發(fā)生比例非常高，其中與駕駛員相關(guān)的事故率最高。90%以上的道路交通信息是駕駛員通過眼睛來獲得的，因此，夜間公路隧道出入口段駕駛員眼動特征的研究具有重大意義。 本文收集了近些年國內(nèi)435起典型公路隧道事故，對其中203起夜間隧道交通事故形態(tài)分布與空間分布兩個方面進行系統(tǒng)歸納、總結(jié)。將眼睛累計注視時間、平均注視時間、注視持續(xù)時間、瞳孔面積以及掃視幅度作為駕駛員眼動特性表征參數(shù)。進行實際隧道實驗，利用眼動儀采集駕駛員各眼動數(shù)據(jù)，分析普通路段和隧道出入口段夜間駕駛員眼動參數(shù)差異性和變化情況。使用回歸方法建立夜間駕駛員眼動注視時間、注視次數(shù)、掃視幅度和隧道出、入口距離的數(shù)學模型。 研究表明：普通路段夜間駕駛員的平均注視時間小于入口段和出口段，入口段駕駛員長時間持續(xù)注視百分率最高，入口段平均瞳孔面積均小于其它各路段，，各路段之間駕駛員眼動累計注視時間百分率變化不大；入口段注視時間先不斷減少后慢慢增加，注視次數(shù)亦先減少后增加，瞳孔面積慢慢變小，而掃視幅度逐漸增加后趨于穩(wěn)定；出口段從駕駛員發(fā)現(xiàn)隧道出口起，注視時間先減少后增加，注視次數(shù)先增加后減少，瞳孔面積慢慢變大，而掃視幅度逐漸減少，出隧道后注視次數(shù)稍微增加，注視時間增加，瞳孔面積繼續(xù)增大而后趨于穩(wěn)定，掃視幅度平穩(wěn)變化。本文為改善夜間公路隧道行車條件提供理論依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:With the development of transportation industry and the progress of technology, the mileage of highway tunnel is increasing year by year. The traffic accident data show that the rate of night accident at the entrance and exit of highway tunnel is very high. Among them, the accident rate related to drivers is the highest. 90% of the road traffic information is obtained by the driver through the eyes, so. It is of great significance to study the eye movement of drivers at the entrance and exit of highway tunnel at night. This paper collected 435 typical road tunnel accidents in China in recent years, 203 of which were summarized systematically in the form distribution and space distribution of traffic accidents at night. Summary. The cumulative fixation time, average fixation time, fixation duration, pupil area and acuity of the eye were taken as the parameters to characterize the driver's eye movement characteristics. The actual tunnel experiment was carried out. Using eye movement instrument to collect driver's eye movement data and analyze the difference and variation of eye movement parameters in ordinary road section and tunnel entrance and exit section. The regression method was used to establish the eye movement fixation time of night driver. A mathematical model of the number of fixations, the sweep amplitude, and the tunnel exit, and the distance between the entrances and the entrances. The results show that the average fixation time of the drivers at night is less than that of the entrance section and the exit section, and the percentage of sustained fixation is the highest in the entry section, and the average pupil area of the entrance section is smaller than that of other sections. There was little change in the percentage of eye movement cumulative fixation time between different sections of the road. The fixation time of the entrance segment decreased at first and then increased slowly, the fixation frequency decreased first and then increased, the pupil area gradually became smaller, and the acuity of the eye swept gradually increased and then tended to stabilize. From the moment the driver found the tunnel exit, the fixation time first decreased and then increased, the number of fixation increased first and then decreased, the pupil area gradually became larger, and the range of scan gradually decreased, and the fixation frequency increased slightly after the tunnel. With the increase of fixation time, the pupil area continues to increase and then tends to be stable, and the range of eye scan changes steadily. This paper provides a theoretical basis for improving the driving conditions of highway tunnels at night.
【學位授予單位】：長安大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U453.1;U471.3

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本文編號：1389760