本文關(guān)鍵詞：基于混合遺傳算法的城市公交車(chē)輛調(diào)度計(jì)劃編制　出處：《蘭州交通大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 車(chē)輛調(diào)度 城市公交 遺傳算法 模擬退火算法 調(diào)度計(jì)劃

【摘要】：近年來(lái),隨著我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速增長(zhǎng),城市人口數(shù)量和城市規(guī)模在急劇的增加,同時(shí)人們機(jī)動(dòng)化出行頻率也在不斷的提高,特別是小汽車(chē)出行在不斷地受到人們的青睞,這就使得城市道路交通愈加擁堵。城市道路交通擁堵問(wèn)題也已成為影響城市可持續(xù)發(fā)展的主要因素之一,如何引導(dǎo)人們?nèi)罕姳M可能選擇公共交通工具出行?是當(dāng)前城市交通管理者急需要思考的一個(gè)問(wèn)題。眾所周知,我國(guó)城市人口密度大,道路資源十分有限,因此大力優(yōu)先發(fā)展公交戰(zhàn)略是解決城市道路交通擁堵問(wèn)題的有效途徑和必然選擇,從而促進(jìn)整個(gè)城市的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。公交車(chē)輛調(diào)度計(jì)劃是保障城市公交有序運(yùn)營(yíng)的前提,一個(gè)合理的公交調(diào)度方案,既能提高公交公司的效益,又能提高人們選擇公交出行的比例;進(jìn)而有效的緩解城市道路交通擁堵問(wèn)題。本文所研究的公交車(chē)輛調(diào)度問(wèn)題是在時(shí)刻表給定的基礎(chǔ)上,確定區(qū)域運(yùn)營(yíng)線路的最小車(chē)輛數(shù)及各車(chē)輛所執(zhí)行任務(wù)的車(chē)次鏈。主要研究?jī)?nèi)容如下:(1)通過(guò)查閱諸多相關(guān)學(xué)術(shù)研究資料,本文闡述了當(dāng)前國(guó)內(nèi)外車(chē)輛調(diào)度問(wèn)題的相關(guān)理論、研究方法以及所取得的研究成果。(2)對(duì)城市公交車(chē)輛調(diào)度系統(tǒng)問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)的分析。本文主要論述城市公交調(diào)度的影響因素,諸如城市公交車(chē)輛調(diào)度的形式及分類(lèi)、城市公交調(diào)度的組織體系、公交時(shí)刻表與公交車(chē)輛調(diào)度的關(guān)系等相關(guān)理論。(3)城市公交車(chē)輛調(diào)度問(wèn)題是整個(gè)公交運(yùn)營(yíng)單位以及學(xué)者研究的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn),可分為單車(chē)場(chǎng)車(chē)輛調(diào)度問(wèn)題和多車(chē)場(chǎng)車(chē)輛調(diào)度問(wèn)題。對(duì)于多車(chē)場(chǎng)車(chē)輛調(diào)度問(wèn)題,本文在現(xiàn)有整體法的基礎(chǔ)上提出一種解決區(qū)域車(chē)輛調(diào)度問(wèn)題的新方法:首先新設(shè)一個(gè)虛擬車(chē)場(chǎng),把區(qū)域內(nèi)各線路要完成的任務(wù)車(chē)次都當(dāng)成該新設(shè)車(chē)場(chǎng)的配車(chē)點(diǎn),而實(shí)際車(chē)場(chǎng)忽略不計(jì),可以得到最小車(chē)輛數(shù)以及各車(chē)輛的車(chē)次鏈;其次通過(guò)預(yù)先設(shè)計(jì)好的啟發(fā)式算法將各輛車(chē)分配到各個(gè)車(chē)場(chǎng),從而得到區(qū)域車(chē)輛的調(diào)度計(jì)劃;最后為了克服遺傳算法在求解時(shí)容易產(chǎn)生“早熟”、“停滯不前”的現(xiàn)象,本文設(shè)計(jì)了遺傳模擬退火混合算法對(duì)模型進(jìn)行求解,并且對(duì)算法進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的闡述。(4)為了驗(yàn)證設(shè)計(jì)算法的有效性,本文分別從單車(chē)場(chǎng)、多車(chē)場(chǎng)兩個(gè)方面驗(yàn)證模型及算法的準(zhǔn)確性,通過(guò)調(diào)節(jié)不同參數(shù)對(duì)算例進(jìn)行詳細(xì)分析,從而得到最優(yōu)的車(chē)輛調(diào)度計(jì)劃。這也是對(duì)解決大規(guī)模、復(fù)雜的區(qū)域公交車(chē)輛調(diào)度實(shí)際問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了一次有益的嘗試。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid growth of China's economy, city population and city size increased dramatically, while the people of motorized travel frequency has been improved, especially the car constantly favored by people, which makes the city more road traffic congestion. Urban road traffic congestion has also become one of the main factors that affect the sustainable development of cities. How to guide people to choose public transportation as much as possible is a problem that urban traffic managers need to think about. As we all know, the density of our urban population is large and the road resources are very limited. Therefore, giving priority to the development of public transport strategy is an effective way and an inevitable choice to solve the problem of urban road traffic congestion, so as to promote the sustainable development of the whole city. Bus dispatching plan is the premise to ensure the orderly operation of urban public transport. A reasonable bus scheduling scheme can not only improve the benefits of public transport companies, but also improve the proportion of people choosing public transportation trips, so as to effectively alleviate the problem of urban road traffic congestion. The vehicle scheduling problem studied in this paper is based on the given timetable, determining the minimum number of vehicles for the regional operation line and the train times chain of each vehicle's execution tasks. The main research contents are as follows: (1) by consulting many related academic research materials, this paper expounds the current theories and research methods of vehicle scheduling at home and abroad, as well as the research results achieved. (2) a systematic analysis of the problem of urban bus dispatching system is carried out. This paper mainly discusses the influencing factors of urban bus dispatching, such as the form and classification of urban public transport vehicle scheduling, the organization system of urban bus dispatching, the relationship between bus schedules and public transport vehicle scheduling. (3) urban public transport vehicle scheduling problem is the focus and difficulty of the whole bus operation unit and scholars. It can be divided into single vehicle scheduling problem and multi depot vehicle scheduling problem. For the multi depot vehicle scheduling problem, based on the existing law on the whole to put forward a new method to solve regional vehicle scheduling problems: first, the establishment of a new virtual depot, the line within the region to complete the task as the train yard of the new car, while the actual car can get ignored. The minimum number of vehicles and the vehicle trips chain; followed by each car will be pre assigned to each station design heuristic algorithm is good, in order to get the regional vehicle scheduling plan; finally, in order to overcome the genetic algorithm in solving prone to "premature" and "stagnation" phenomenon, this paper designs a genetic simulated annealing hybrid algorithm to solve the model, and the algorithm is described in detail. (4) in order to verify the effectiveness of the design algorithm, this paper validates the accuracy of the model and algorithm from two aspects of single yard and multi depot separately, and analyzes the calculation example by adjusting different parameters, so as to get the optimal vehicle scheduling plan. This is also a useful attempt to solve the practical problem of large-scale and complex regional bus dispatching.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：U491.17

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