【摘要】：大齒輪是大型裝備的關(guān)鍵傳動(dòng)部件,廣泛應(yīng)用于艦船、發(fā)電機(jī)組、礦山機(jī)械、航空航天等領(lǐng)域,在國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)和國(guó)防建設(shè)中占據(jù)著十分重要的地位。因此,作為大齒輪制造質(zhì)量保障的手段,其檢測(cè)技術(shù)極具研究?jī)r(jià)值。本文就大齒輪的測(cè)量坐標(biāo)系的建立問(wèn)題,進(jìn)行了深入研究。通過(guò)多種方案的對(duì)比分析,確定了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)量塊法建立測(cè)量坐標(biāo)系的設(shè)計(jì)方案,分析了各誤差敏感項(xiàng)目對(duì)測(cè)量坐標(biāo)系建立的影響,并通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行了定性分析。主要研究?jī)?nèi)容如下:(1)設(shè)計(jì)了大齒輪測(cè)量坐標(biāo)系建立的方案。本文提出標(biāo)準(zhǔn)量塊法、小圓弧法和多站分時(shí)法三種測(cè)量坐標(biāo)系建立的方案設(shè)計(jì),經(jīng)過(guò)分析對(duì)比,確定了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)量塊法建立測(cè)量坐標(biāo)系的設(shè)計(jì)方案,提高了測(cè)量坐標(biāo)系的建立精度。(2)分析了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)量塊法建立測(cè)量坐標(biāo)系的精度。研究了示值誤差、量塊的幾何誤差、測(cè)量運(yùn)動(dòng)的幾何誤差、工作臺(tái)傾斜誤差、量塊安裝誤差等誤差敏感項(xiàng)對(duì)坐標(biāo)系建立的影響,分別建立了各敏感項(xiàng)誤差測(cè)量模型,進(jìn)行了不確定度分析與評(píng)定和實(shí)例計(jì)算分析,實(shí)例計(jì)算結(jié)果表明:標(biāo)準(zhǔn)量塊法滿足4級(jí)精度大齒輪參數(shù)測(cè)量的要求。(3)開發(fā)了測(cè)量坐標(biāo)系建立的軟件。結(jié)合測(cè)量原理和精度分析,以及測(cè)量路徑的規(guī)劃,采用Visual C++6.0開發(fā)了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)量塊法測(cè)量軟件。(4)進(jìn)行了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)量塊法建立測(cè)量坐標(biāo)系的實(shí)驗(yàn)。在C40齒輪測(cè)量中心上,分別得出了量塊安裝位置不同、量塊長(zhǎng)度不同、工作臺(tái)傾斜、環(huán)境不同等因素對(duì)坐標(biāo)系建立精度的影響,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:量塊長(zhǎng)度在300mm以內(nèi)時(shí),R軸的測(cè)量坐標(biāo)系建立精度在1μm以內(nèi),T軸精度在2.5μm以內(nèi)。相同條件下,采用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)量塊+自準(zhǔn)直儀的優(yōu)化方案所得實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:R軸坐標(biāo)系建立精度在1μm以內(nèi),T軸精度在1μm以內(nèi),有效提高坐標(biāo)系建立精度。
[Abstract]:Big gear is a key transmission part of large-scale equipment, which is widely used in the fields of ship, generator set, mining machinery, and aerospace, and occupies a very important position in national economy and national defense construction. Therefore, as a means of mass guarantee for large gear, its detection technology is very valuable. In this paper, the problem of the establishment of the measuring coordinate system of the large gear is studied. Through the comparative analysis of various schemes, the design scheme of the standard gauge block method to establish the measurement coordinate system is established, the influence of each error-sensitive item on the establishment of the measurement coordinate system is analyzed, and the qualitative analysis is carried out by the experiment. The main contents of the research are as follows: (1) The scheme of the establishment of the large gear measurement coordinate system is designed. In this paper, the design of three measurement coordinate systems based on the standard block method, the small circle arc method and the multi-station time division method are put forward, and the design scheme of the measurement coordinate system is established by the standard gauge block method through the analysis and comparison, and the establishment accuracy of the measurement coordinate system is improved. (2) The standard gauge block method is used to establish the precision of the measurement coordinate system. The influence of the error-sensitive items such as the error of the indicating value, the geometric error of the measuring block, the geometric error of the measuring motion, the inclination error of the working table and the installation error of the measuring block on the establishment of the coordinate system is studied. The analysis and evaluation of the uncertainty and the calculation of the case are carried out. The results of the examples show that the standard measuring block method meets the requirements of the measurement of the gear parameters with 4-degree precision. (3) The software developed by the measurement coordinate system is developed. In combination with the measurement principle and the precision analysis, and the planning of the measurement path, the standard measuring block method is developed with Visual C ++ 6.0. (4) The standard gauge block method is used to establish the measurement coordinate system. On the basis of C40 gear measurement, the influence of the installation position of the measuring block, the length of the measuring block, the inclination of the table and the different environment on the establishment precision of the coordinate system are obtained. The experimental results show that when the length of the measuring block is within 300 mm, The accuracy of the measurement coordinate system of the R-axis is within 1. m u.m, and the accuracy of the T-axis is within 2.5. m Under the same conditions, the experimental results obtained from the optimization scheme of the standard block + self-collimator show that the accuracy of the R-axis coordinate system is within 1. m u.m, the accuracy of the T-axis is within 1. m
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TG86

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