基于旋轉(zhuǎn)電極的方孔電火花加工新方法研究
[Abstract]:Square hole structure has large torque bearing capacity and high stability, which is widely used in aerospace, automobile, ship, oil and wind power and other fields where the stability of mechanical structure is required. Milling, casting and other machining methods can be used to process square holes on ordinary materials. When it is necessary to process square holes with large depth-diameter ratio on materials with high hardness, special machining methods are usually adopted. Square electrode is often used to process square hole in EDM method, and there are some problems in machining, such as low machining efficiency and large electrode loss, which are difficult to discharge from the machining area. In order to improve the machining speed of EDM square hole and reduce the electrode loss, a method of machining square hole with rotating electrode is proposed in this paper. Taking the Lello triangle as the cross section shape of the electrode in EDM, the motion form of the Lello triangle electrode in the square constrained hole equal to its width is analyzed, and the movement track of the center of the electrode and the shape and area of the machining area of the bottom surface are obtained. According to the analysis results, the square hole machining device is developed, and the parts design and assembly of the machining device are completed. Using the machining device to process the square hole proves that it is feasible to use the rotating electrode to process the square hole. The machining device is simplified, the simplified digital model of the machining device is established in Adams/Views software, the spatial position of the parts is determined and the motion constraint is imposed. The effects of electrode length, rotating speed, shape accuracy, clamping error and constraint position of guide mechanism on the shape accuracy of hole are studied by motion trajectory simulation. According to the rotating motion of the electrode in the square hole, the variation of the flow field in the machining area is analyzed when the rotating electrode is machined. It is found that the rotation of the rotating electrode in the process of machining the rotating electrode can promote the discharge of the etched products. According to the feasibility experiment and the simulation results of motion trajectory, the machining device of square hole with rotating electrode is optimized, and the shape accuracy of square hole is improved. On this basis, the effects of different rotating speed on hole machining speed and electrode loss were studied by single factor experiment. The effects of open circuit voltage, servo feed speed and detection threshold range on the machining characteristics of the two methods are obtained by setting up the comparative experiment of the square hole machining method of rotating electrode and the square electrode square hole machining method. The square holes with different depths are machined under the optimal machining conditions of the two machining methods, and it is found that the rotating electrode square hole processing method has obvious advantages over the square electrode machining method in increasing the machining speed and reducing the electrode loss.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2017
【分類號(hào)】:TG661
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